EVOC

Question 1

1. What is the definition of Non-Emergency Driving?

Answer 1

“all law enforcement driving that does not comply with the provisions of emergency exemption statutes.”

Question 2

3. What is the definition of Negligence?

Answer 2

“the failure to use reasonable care.”

Question 3

2. What must be activated for a vehicle to be operated in “Emergency Mode”?

Answer 3

1. Warning lights and /or a siren must be activated; and
2. The officer must be engaged in enforcing the law.

Question 4

4. Drivers who are negligent and cause an injury to another may be required to pay monetary damages to an injured person. This is called what?

Answer 4

Tort Law

Question 5

5. Violation of an agency policy can lead to what consequences for an officer?

Answer 5

policy may be evidence of negligence in a civil or criminal trial

Question 6

6. All states give officers a ________ _________from certain traffic laws for emergency driving.

Answer 6

Limited Exemption

Question 7

7. What are the two categories of emergency driving most common to law enforcement?

Answer 7

1 pursuit of a violator
2 going to the scene of an emergency

Question 8

8. Name three (3) factors that may directly influence the risk created by emergency driving.

Answer 8

• Speed of vehicles
• Traffic density
• Weather conditions
• Obstructions to vision
• Road surface and design
• Frequency of signaled street and highway intersections
• Mechanical condition of the emergency vehicle
• Training and experience of the emergency driver

Question 9

9. What is the Supreme Court case that established the “Shocks the Conscience” Standard?

Answer 9

County of Sacramento v. Lewis (1998).

Question 10

10. The 1989 case of City of Canton vs. Harris established the _______ __ _______ standard.

Answer 10

failure to train

Question 11

1. True/False: Emotions can result in the production of faulty judgement and high-risk decisions.

Answer 11

true

Question 12

2. True/False: Emotions such as a “reasoned fear of a crash or legal consequences” can be a positive force in determining driving behavior:

Answer 12

true

Question 13

Distraction from the driving task may be caused by:
A. Thinking of things other than driving
B. Inside-the-vehicle distractions which require the driver’s attention
C. Situations outside the vehicle that attract the driver’s attention
D. Environmental factors
E. ALL OF THE ABOVE

Answer 13

ALL OF THE ABOVE

Question 14

4. True/False: The ability to MINIMIZE distractions requires the driver’s attention to be distributed over small areas while only concentrating on one part or area.

Answer 14

FALSE

Question 15

5. True/False: When understanding the Cognitive Science of Driving, multi-tasking CAN be done when driving.

Answer 15

FALSE

Question 16

6. True/False: Scenario-based training is one way to build “schemas” for current and future situations that might occur.

Answer 16

TRUE

Question 17

7. Drivers are ultimately responsible for operating ________ and avoiding __________.

Answer 17

Vehicles
crashes

Question 18

8. True/False: There will be no willingness to change unless there is motivation.

Answer 18

IDK

Question 19

9. Characteristics of Aggressive behavior include:
   A. Over-confidence
   B. Self-righteousness
   C. Patience
   D. Good Values
   E. A & B only
   F. All of the above

Answer 19

A & B only
Over confidence
Self-righteousness

Question 20

10. True/False: Patience promotes a “low-risk, high-gain” attitude while impatience inversely promotes a “high-risk, low-gain” attitude.

Answer 20

TRUE

Question 21

The three important components of driving are:
A. Space Management, Collision Avoidance, and Perceptual Skills
B. Perceptual Skills, Awareness, Emotional Control
C. Awareness, Space Management, Collision Avoidance
D. Emotional Control, Predictability, Visual Skills

Answer 21

C
Awareness
space management
collision avoidance

Question 22

S-I-P-D-E stands for:
A. Speed-Identification-Position-Delivery-Execution
B. Search-Identify-Predict-Decide-Execute
C. Status-Information-Potential-Decide-Evaluate
D. Search-Isolate-Predict-Determine-Extract

Answer 22

B
Search
Identify
Predict
Decide
Execute

Question 23

1. A proper vehicle inspection should include:
   A. Mechanical conditions under the hood
   B. Interior conditions
   C. Exterior conditions
   D. ALL OF THE ABOVE
   E. Only B & C

Answer 23

All of the Above

Question 24

Which item would NOT be part of an INTERIOR VEHICLE inspection?
A. Engine belts and hoses
B. Horn, P.A. system, siren
C. Gauges and warning devices
D. Occupant protection systems
E. Door locks

Answer 24

A
engine belts and hoses

Question 25

Advantages for safety belt use by officers on and off the job include: A. Lower medical costs to self and community if wearing a restraint system when involved in a collision. B. Better vehicle control thereby reducing the chances of becoming involved in a collision. C. Less time lost from work due to the reduction in the severity of injuries. D. Role model to the community. E. All of the above.

Answer 25

All of the above

Question 26

4. True/False: Air bags are considered a Supplemental Restraint System in vehicles.

Answer 26

True

Question 27

5. Approximately how many officers’ line of duty deaths are traffic-related? A. 15% B. 33% C. 45% D. 20%

Answer 27

33%

Question 28

6. Occupant protection devices in vehicles include: A. Collapsible steering columns B. Head restraints C. Padded dashboards D. Door edge guards E. A, B, C only

Answer 28

A,B,C only

Question 29

7. During inclement weather like ice, snow, fog, sleet, rain, drivers should: A. Slow down B. Follow the vehicle in front of it more closely to keep safe C. Increase following distances D. A & C only

Answer 29

A, and C only

Question 30

8. True/False: In snow and ice, use a lower gear to climb and descend hills and change gears at the top or bottom of the hill before continuing

Answer 30

True

Question 31

9. If driving through large areas of water, drivers should: A. Accelerate through the deeper water B. Use a lower gear and turn on the vehicle’s headlights C. Tap or lightly ride the brakes to dry them out D. Weave from side-to-side through the water

Answer 31

C Tap or lightly ride the brakes to dry them out

Question 32

When driving at night, drivers should: A. Slow down if visibility is reduced B. Use the vehicle’s high beams when necessary and legal C. Avoid looking into headlights from oncoming vehicles D. Reduce the dash light intensity to help with better night vision E. All of the above F. C & D only

Answer 32

All of the Above

Question 33

True/False: Improper use of controls during turn negotiation, such as too much steering, speed, or braking, can result in collisions.

Answer 33

True

Question 34

1. When selecting a route for an emergency response, officers should: A. Avoid roads where heavy or “uncooperative” traffic patterns exist. B. Avoid locations of heavy pedestrian traffic. C. Select the route that offers the least amount of steering and speed adjustments. D. All of the above E. A & B only

Answer 34

All of the above

Question 35

2. Which statements are true about headlight use as emergency warning devices on law enforcement vehicles? A. Headlights are usually more discernible than traditional red or blue overheads in the daytime. B. Most drivers will see headlights before they hear the siren or see the emergency lights. C. During hours of darkness, high beam lamps tend to obliterate the emergency lights and blind oncoming drivers. D. Flashing headlights (“wig wags”) are a good warning device because of the flash pattern and the distance reach of the lights ahead of the law enforcement vehicle. E. All of the above F. B & D only

Answer 35

All of the Above

Question 36

3. True/False: Weather conditions will not influence the siren’s audibility and the emergency lights visibility.

Answer 36

False

Question 37

4. True/False: Emergency lights are virtually ineffective in foggy weather. Officers should not use them when driving in the fog.

Answer 37

False

Question 38

Which statements are TRUE about sirens and their use? A. Large vehicles, such as heavy trucks and buses, will increase the effectiveness of the siren. B. The siren may be less discernible in residential areas. C. Tall buildings tend to block out, deflect, or tunnel sound transmission. D. In flat, open areas the sound of a siren can be heard for a greater distance. E. A & B only F. None of the above

Answer 38

All of the above

Question 39

1. True/False: One-handed steering, especially when driving in emergency mode, will yield better control of the vehicle than two-handed steering.

Answer 39

False

Question 40

2. When steering during an emergency response, officers should: A. Use rapid steering movements for better control. B. Hand placement should be at 6 o’clock and 12 o’clock for turning. C. Begin turning earlier because of steering system delays. D. Scan & search all zones around the vehicle consistently.

Answer 40

D Scan & search all zones around the vehicle consistently.

Question 41

3. There are three (3) types of corners commonly associated with highway and road design. They are: ___________, ______________ and __________ radius corners.

Answer 41

Increasing radius decreasing radius constant radius

Question 42

4. When driving into a corner, braking should: A. Be smooth and steady. B. Occur prior to entering the corner. C. Should continue through the middle of the corner to the exit for faster entry. D. Should involve “trail braking”. E. A & B only F. All of the above

Answer 42

A & B only

Question 43

5. What are the three (3) parts to every corner or curve called: A. Beginning, middle, straightaway B. Entry, apex, exit C. Start of the curve, outside edge, acceleration point D. First contact, maximum speed point, braking point

Answer 43

B. Entry, apex, exit

Question 44

6. In order to properly clear an intersection when approaching in any mode, including emergency mode, which areas must the driver clear prior to entering the intersection? A. Left B. Center C. Right D. Center E. Left F. Sidewalks G. Crosswalks H. All of the above I. A, C, E only

Answer 44

H. All the above

Question 45

7. What question would NOT be one you ask yourself about Collision Avoidance? A. What are some ways to avoid a collision? B. What will happen to me if I’m involved in a collision? C. How do I mitigate a collision if it’s about to occur? D. Have I received training to prevent or avoid a collision?

Answer 45

B. What will happen to me if I’m involved in a collision?

Question 46

8. True/False: State Law exemptions relieve you of your Due Regard for Safety or a department policy violation.

Answer 46

False

Question 47

9. True/False: Changing the siren pattern, using an air horn, or using another type of sound assistance will help to attract attention from other drivers.

Answer 47

True

Question 48

Assuming a collision is imminent and will happen, you should: A. Brake as hard as you can to minimize the impact. B. Steer sharply C. Avoid having the collision occur in the driver’s quarter of the vehicle. D. Try to strike the object at an angle to deflect the crash forces. E. Maintain steering, braking, and acceleration control to avoid colliding with additional objects after an initial collision. F. A & B only G. C, D, & E only

Answer 48

G. C, D, & E only

Question 49

1. What establishes guidelines for officers to initiate a pursuit? A. State Law B. Agency Policy C. Past practice used by the agency D. All of the above E. A & B only

Answer 49

E. A & B only

Question 50

2. Environmental Considerations in a pursuit include: A. Weather B. Traffic C. Population D. Time of Day/Day of Week E. Type of Suspect Vehicle F. Number of Occupants G. A, B, C, D only H. All of the Above

Answer 50

H. All the above

Question 51

3. True/False: Brakes, tires, emergency warning devices, and mechanical failure are all Vehicular Considerations officers must weigh when determining to initiate or continue a pursuit.

Answer 51

True

Question 52

4. True/False: Human Considerations affecting both the officer and the fleeing suspect in a pursuit include psychological factors, physiological factors, socio-economic factors, and relative standing in the public at the time of the pursuit.

Answer 52

False

Question 53

6. The role of a supervisor in a pursuit may be assumed by: A. Ranked personnel B. Senior officers C. Field Training Officers D. All of the above E. A & B only

Answer 53

D. All of the above

Question 54

5. True/False: The decision to engage in a pursuit will be easier to make than the decision to terminate a pursuit.

Answer 54

True

Question 55

7. Why would a pursuit fall under the guidelines of a Use of Force policy within an agency? A. The elevation of vehicular speeds B. The use or planned use of tactical maneuvers to terminate the pursuit C. Armed officers engaged in the pursuit D. The use of emergency equipment elevating the incident to a pursuit E. A & B only F. B & D only

Answer 55

E. A and B

Question 56

8. Definitions for Use Of Force applied to the actions and tactics used in a pursuit should include: A. Reasonable B. Necessary C. Due Regard D. None of the above E. All of the above

Answer 56

E. All of the above

Question 57

9. Recommended pursuit strategies include: A. The pursuit should be conducted by officers who are not emotionally involved. B. Unmarked, covert surveillance vehicles, vans, motorcycles, and law enforcement vehicles with civilian passengers should not be involved in pursuits. C. Emergency warning devices should always be used. D. Officers should not shoot from or at a moving vehicle unless policy authorizes and the officer follows deadly force statutes. E. All of the above F. B, C, D only

Answer 57

E. All of the above

Question 58

10. List three (3) things that should be communicated regarding the suspect’s vehicle during the pursuit.

Answer 58

A. License number B. Year C. Make D. Model E. Color F. Location and direction of travel G. Other distinguishing marks or characteristics H. Number of occupants and descriptions I. Primary reason for the stop

Question 59

11. Safety considerations for the pursuing officers should include: A. Following distance B. Speed C. Tunnel Vision D. Patrol vehicle positions E. A & B only F. All of the above G. None of above

Answer 59

F. All of the above