evolution part 2

Question 1

adaptive radiation

Answer 1

• type of divergent evolution
• diversification of 1 species into many closely related species over a short time to fill different ecological niches

Question 2

allopatric speciation

Answer 2

• due to geographical barrier
• populations isolated by dam, river, etc.
  become extinct or evolve into new species

Question 3

CLADOGRAM

Answer 3

hypothetical picture of the actual evolutionary history of organisms

Question 4

convergent evolution

Answer 4

the evolution of similar traits in distantly
related species

Question 5

cumulative selection

Answer 5

evolution of a simple structure into a more complex

Question 6

divergent evolution

Answer 6

process of developing 2 or more species
from a common ancestor over a long time

Question 7

hardy - Weinberg

Answer 7

• described by British mathematician G. H. Hardy and German doctor W. Weinberg
• states that allele frequencies of a gene will remain the same in a stable population, as long as:

Question 8

mimicry

Answer 8

one species (mimic) resembles another species (model) in order to gain same survival advantage

Question 9

phylogenic tree

Answer 9

• shows evolutionary relationships between different species
• created by comparing anatomy, homologous structures, and similarities in DNA and proteins
• contains evolutionary branches  called clades