ex 2

Question 1

E-business

Answer 1

Using internet technologies to support business operations, including e-commerce, communication, and collaboration.

Question 2

E-commerce

Answer 2

Buying and selling goods or services over the internet.

Question 3

B2B (Business-to-Business)

Answer 3

Online transactions between businesses (e.g., manufacturer to wholesaler).

Question 4

B2C (Business-to-Consumer)

Answer 4

Selling products or services directly to customers online.

Question 5

C2C (Consumer-to-Consumer)

Answer 5

Consumers selling to other consumers online (e.g., eBay, Facebook Marketplace).

Question 6

B2G (Business-to-Government)

Answer 6

Businesses providing products or services to government agencies.

Question 7

Pure-play (Virtual Business)

Answer 7

A business that operates entirely online with no physical store.

Question 8

Click-and-Mortar (Brick-and-Click)

Answer 8

Combines online and physical operations for customers.

Question 9

Value Chain

Answer 9

A series of business processes that add value to a product or service.

Question 10

Disruptive Technology

Answer 10

New technology that changes the way industries operate.

Question 11

Sustaining Technology

Answer 11

Improves existing products or services that customers already use.

Question 12

Disintermediation

Answer 12

Removing intermediaries (middlemen) through technology.

Question 13

Re-intermediation

Answer 13

Adding new intermediaries that add value to the supply chain.

Question 14

Cybermediation

Answer 14

Use of technology to reintroduce intermediaries such as Expedia.

Question 15

Long Tail

Answer 15

Selling niche products to many small audiences online.

Question 16

Network Effect

Answer 16

A product or service becomes more valuable as more people use it.

Question 17

Business Model

Answer 17

A plan for how a company creates, delivers, and captures value.

Question 18

Revenue Model

Answer 18

How a business earns money (advertising, subscriptions, transactions, etc.).

Question 19

Open System

Answer 19

System that allows free exchange of information with other systems.

Question 20

Knowledge Management System (KMS)

Answer 20

System that supports capturing, organizing, and sharing organizational knowledge.

Question 21

Ethics

Answer 21

Principles of right and wrong that guide behavior.

Question 22

Information Ethics

Answer 22

Issues related to ethical and moral aspects of information use.

Question 23

Privacy

Answer 23

The right to be left alone and control personal information.

Question 24

Information Security

Answer 24

Protecting information from unauthorized use, access, or destruction.

Question 25

Confidentiality

Answer 25

Ensuring information is accessible only to authorized users.

Question 26

Integrity

Answer 26

Ensuring data is accurate and has not been altered.

Question 27

Availability

Answer 27

Ensuring information is available to authorized users when needed.

Question 28

Authentication

Answer 28

Process of confirming a user’s identity.

Question 29

Authorization

Answer 29

Giving someone permission to access certain resources.

Question 30

Malware

Answer 30

Malicious software designed to damage or disable systems.

Question 31

Virus

Answer 31

Malware that attaches to legitimate software and spreads when executed.

Question 32

Worm

Answer 32

Malware that spreads automatically through networks.

Question 33

Trojan Horse

Answer 33

Software that appears legitimate but hides malicious functions.

Question 34

Phishing

Answer 34

Fake emails or websites designed to steal personal information.

Question 35

Spoofing

Answer 35

Pretending to be someone else online (fake identity or IP address).

Question 36

Social Engineering

Answer 36

Manipulating people into revealing confidential information.

Question 37

Encryption

Answer 37

Scrambling data so it can only be read with a decryption key.

Question 38

Firewall

Answer 38

Hardware or software that prevents unauthorized access to a network.

Question 39

Intrusion Detection System (IDS)

Answer 39

Monitors network traffic for suspicious activity.

Question 40

Acceptable Use Policy (AUP)

Answer 40

Rules for appropriate use of company information systems.

Question 41

Email Privacy Policy

Answer 41

Details how emails are monitored and protected.

Question 42

Internet Use Policy

Answer 42

Defines employee rights and responsibilities when using the internet.

Question 43

Workplace Monitoring Policy

Answer 43

Outlines how, when, and where a company monitors employees.

Question 44

Information Security Plan

Answer 44

Plan describing how security policies will be implemented.

Question 45

Digital Divide

Answer 45

The gap between people with and without access to technology.

Question 46

Green Computing

Answer 46

Using computing resources in an environmentally responsible way.

Question 47

Disaster Recovery Plan (DRP)

Answer 47

Plan for restoring IT systems after a disaster.

Question 48

Business Continuity Plan (BCP)

Answer 48

Plan to keep operations running after a major disruption.

Question 49

Information MIS Infrastructure

Answer 49

Defines how a company will build, deploy, and share its data and MIS assets.

Question 50

Agile MIS Infrastructure

Answer 50

Supports organizational change and flexibility.

Question 51

Sustainable MIS Infrastructure

Answer 51

Minimizes environmental impact of technology.

Question 52

Hardware

Answer 52

Physical devices of a computer system (e.g., servers, routers).

Question 53

Software

Answer 53

Set of instructions a computer executes to perform tasks.

Question 54

Network

Answer 54

A communications system connecting computers or devices.

Question 55

Data Center

Answer 55

Facility used to house MIS resources like servers and storage.

Question 56

Virtualization

Answer 56

Creating multiple virtual machines on a single physical device.

Question 57

Cloud Computing

Answer 57

Internet-based computing delivering IT resources on demand.

Question 58

SaaS (Software as a Service)

Answer 58

Delivers applications over the internet (e.g., Google Workspace).

Question 59

PaaS (Platform as a Service)

Answer 59

Provides a platform for developers to build, test, and deploy apps.

Question 60

IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service)

Answer 60

Offers virtualized computing resources online (e.g., AWS).

Question 61

Scalability

Answer 61

System’s ability to grow or shrink performance and cost based on demand.

Question 62

Elasticity

Answer 62

Ability to automatically increase or decrease resources as needed.

Question 63

Utility Computing

Answer 63

Paying only for computing resources used.

Question 64

Grid Computing

Answer 64

Connecting computers to work together as one large system.

Question 65

Service Level Agreement (SLA)

Answer 65

Contract defining expected service performance (e.g., uptime guarantee).

Question 66

Moore’s Law

Answer 66

Computing power doubles roughly every two years.

Question 67

Energy Efficient MIS

Answer 67

Technology that uses less power and reduces waste.

Question 68

E-waste

Answer 68

Discarded electronic devices or equipment.

Question 69

Carbon Emissions

Answer 69

Greenhouse gases produced by technology and energy use.

Question 70

Vendor Lock-In

Answer 70

Difficulty switching providers due to dependency on one vendor.

Question 71

Server Farm (Cloud Center)

Answer 71

Large collection of servers providing computing services.