EXAM 1

Question 1

A PT using an E-stim device attempts to quantify several characteristics of a monophasic waveform. When measuring phase change, the standard unit of measure is the

1. Coulomb
2. Ampere
3. Ohm
4. Second

Answer 1

1. Coulomb

Question 2

A Physical Therpist assesses the functional strength of a pt’s hip extensors while observing the pt move from sitting to standing. What type of contraction occurs in the hip extensors during this activity?

1. Concentric
2. Eccentric
3. Isometric
4. Isokenetic

Answer 2

2. Eccentric

Question 3

A pt referred to physical therapy with chronic LBP has failed tomake any progress towards meeting established goals in over 3 weeks of tx. The PT has employed a variety of Tx techniques, but has yet to observe any sign of subjective or objective improvement in the pt’s condition. The MOST appropriate action would be to:

1. Transfer the patient to another therapist’s schedule
2. Re-examine the pt and establish new goals
3. Continue to modify the pt’s Tx plan
4. Alert the referring physician to the pt’s status

Answer 3

4. Alert the referring physician to the pt’s status

Question 4

A pt recently admitted to an acute care hospital is referred to PT. The PT documents the following clinical signs: pallor, cyanosis, and cool skin. These clinical signs are MOST consistent with:

1. Cor Pulmonale
2. Anemia
3. Hypertension
4. Diaphoresis

Answer 4

2. Anemia

Question 5

A PT instructs a pt in a home stretching program that includes the pictured stretch. The MOST likely structure targted is the:

1. Gluteus medius
2. IT band
3. Piriformis
4. Rectus femoris

Answer 5

3. Piriformis

Question 6

A PT receives a referral for a 2 month old infant diagnosed with osteogenesis imperfecta. After completing the examination, the therapist discusses the physical therapy POC with the infant’s parents. The PRIMARY goal of the therpy should be:.

1. Improve muscle strength and diminish tone
2. Facilitate protected WB
3. Promote safe handling and positioning
4. Diminish pulmonary secretions

Answer 6

3. Promote safe handling and positioning

Question 7

A PT elects to utilize the 6MWT as a means of quantifying endurance for a pt rehabilitating from a lenghty illness. Which variable would the MOST appropriate to measure when determining the pt’s endurance level with this objective test.

1. Perceived exertion
2. Heart rate response
3. Elapsed time
4. Distance walked

Answer 7

4. Distance walked

Question 8

A physician orders an electrocardiogram (ECG) for a pt diagnosed with congestive heart failure. The medical record indicates the pt is currently taking digitalis. What effect would you expect digitalis to have on the pt’s ECG?

1. Sinus tachycardia
2. Lengthened PR interval
3. Lengthened QT interval
4. Elevated ST segment

Answer 8

2. Lenghtened PR interval

Question 9

A PT completes an examination on a five yr old boy diagnosed with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. The referral indicated that the boy was diagnosed with the disease less than one year ago. Assuming a normal progression, which of the following findings would be the First to occur?

1. Distal muscle weakness
2. Proximal muscle weakness
3. Impaired respiratory function
4. Inability to perform ADL

Answer 9

2. Proximal muscle weakness

Question 10

A PT obtains an X-ray of a 14 year old female recently referred to PT after experiencing an increase in back pain following activity. The pt previously participated in competitive gymnastics, however, states that her back was unable to tolerate the intensity of training. Based on the presented x-ray, the therapist would expect the pt’s medical diagnosis to be:

1. Spondylitis
2. Spondylolysis
3. Spondylolisthesis
4. Spondyloptosis

Answer 10

3. Spondylolisthesis

Question 11

A PT completes a developmental assessment on a five month old infant. If the therapist elects to examine the infant’s palmar grasp reflex, which of the following is the most appropriate?

1. Contact to the ball of the foot in pright standing
2. Maintained pressure to the palm of the hand
3. Noxious stimulus to the palm of the hand
4. Sudden change in the position of the head

Answer 11

2. Maintained pressure to the palm of the hand

Question 12

A PT treats a nine year old child diagnosed with cystic fibrosis. As part of the tx session the therapist attempts to improve the efficiency of the pt’s breathing. The MOST appropriate technique to encourage full expansion at the base of the lung is:

1. Manual percussion over the posterior portion of the ribs with the patient in prone
2. Manual contacts with pressure over the lateral borders of the ribs with the pt in supine
3. Manual vibration over the lateral portion of the ribs with the pt in sidelying
4. Manual cues over the epigstric area with the pt in supine

Answer 12

2. Manual contacts with pressure over the lateral borders of the ribs with the pt in supine

Question 13

A physician discusses a pt’s POC with a PT. The pt is a 29 years old male that sustained deep partial thickness burns to the anterior surface of his lower extremities. The physician discusses the possibility of discontinuing use of the topical antibiotic silver sulfadiazine after identifying an irregularity in the pt’s laboratory results. Which finding could be MOST related to the use of silver sufadiazine?

1. Leukopenia
2. Peripheral edema
3. Hypokalemia
4. Altered pH balance

Answer 13

1. Leukopenia

Question 14

A pt most recently admitted to the hospital with an acute illness is referred to PT. During a scheduled tx session the pt asks what effect anemia will have on his ability to complete a formal exercise program. The MOST appropriate therapist response is:

1. You may feel as though your muscles are weak
2. You may experience frequent nausea
3. Your aerobic capacity may be reduced
4. You may have a tendency to become fatigued

Answer 14

4. You may have a tendency to become fatigued

Question 15

When performing ROM exercises with a pt that sustained a head injury, a PT notes that the pt lacks full elbow extension and classifies the end-feel as hard. The MOST likely cause is:

1. Heterotopic Ossification
2. Spasticity of the biceps
3. Anterior capsular tightness
4. Triceps weakness

Answer 15

1. Heterotopic Ossification

Question 16

A PT develops a problem list after exmining a pt with a transtibil amputation. Which of the following would be the MOST appropriate entry in the pt problem list.

1. Donning and doffing prosthesis requires verbal cues
2. Donning and doffing prosthesis requires verbal cues and minimal assist of one
3. Dependence with donning and doffing prosthesis
4. Indpendent donning and doffing prosthesis in one week

Answer 16

3. Dependence with donning and doffing prosthesis

Question 17

A PT monitors a 6 foot 3 inch, 275 pound male’s BP using the brachial artery. which of the following is MOST important when selecting an appropriate size BP cuff for the pt?

1. Patient age
2. % body fat
3. Somatotype
4. Extremity circumference

Answer 17

4. Extremity circumference

Question 18

A PT works with a pt with a moderate disk protrusion on an extension progression. Which position would have immediately preceeded the pictured position?

1. Prone pressup
2. Prone lying with a pillow under the wrist
3. Standing extension
4. Prone Lying

Answer 18

Prone lying

Question 19

A PT works with a pt status post stroke on a mat program. The therapist assists the pt in lateral weight shifting activities while positioned in prone on elbows. Which therapeutic exercise technique would allow the pt to improve dynamic stability with this activity?

1. Altering isometrcs
2. Approximation
3. Rhythmic initiation
4. Timing for emphasis

Answer 19

2. Approximation

Question 20

A patient informs a PT how frustrated she feels after being examned by a physicain. The pt explains that she becomes so nervous, she caannot ask any questions during scheduled office visits. The therapist’s MOST appropriate rsponse is to:

1. Offer to go with the pt to her next scheduled visit
2. Offer to call the physician and ask any relevant questions
3. Suggest that the pt write down questions for the physician and bring them with her to the next scheduled visit
4. Tell the pt it is a very normal response to be nervous in the presence of a physician.

Answer 20

3. Suggest that the pt write down questions for the physician and bring them with her to the next scheduled visit

Question 21

A PT observes an electrocardiogram of a pt on beta blockers. Which of the following ECG changes could be facilitated by beta-blockers?

1. Sinus bradycardia
2. Sinus tachycardia
3. Premature ventricular contrctions
4. ST segment sagging

Answer 21

1. Sinus bradicardia

Question 22

An athlete is forced to contemplate knee surgery after spraining the ACL while playing soccer. Which situation would provide the MOST direct support for an ACL reconstruction?

1. Grade 111 ACL sprain with a grade 1 PCL strain
2. Grade 111 ACL sprain with a lateral meniscus tear
3. Grade 11 ACL sprain with a medial meniscus tear
4. Functional instability

Answer 22

4. Functional Instability

Question 23

A PT employed in a long term care setting attempts to identify a screening tool that examine a pts ability to perform a variety of ADLs independently. The therapist would like to readminister the tool to assess pt progress. The MOST appropriate screening tool is the:

1. Barthel index
2. Berg balance scale
3. Functional reach test
4. Tinetti performnce oriented mobility assessment

Answer 23

1. Berthel index

Question 24

A pt rehabilitating from a LE injury is referred to PT for hydrotherapy. The PT would like the pt to fully extend the involved LE while sitting in the hydrotherapy tank. Which type of whirlpool would NOT allow the pt to extend the involved LE?

1. Hubbard tank
2. Highboy tank
3. Lowboy tank
4. Walk tank

Answer 24

1. Highboy tank

Question 25

While examining a pt diagnosed wit achelles tendonitis, a PT notes that the foot and ankle appear to be pronated. Which motions combine to create pronation in non-WB foot? 1. Abduction, DF, eversion 2. Adduction, DF, inversion 3. Abduction, PF, eversion 4. Adduction, PF, inversion

Answer 25

1. Abduction, DF, eversion

Question 26

A PT performs goniometric measurements on a pt rehabilitating from injuries sustained in a motor vehicle accident. When measuring rotation of the C spine, which of the following landmarks would be the MOST appropriate for the axis of the goni? 1. Centered over the external auditory metus 2. Centered over the center of the cranial aspect of the head 3. Centered over the C7 spinous process 4. Centered over the midline of the occiput

Answer 26

2. Centered over the center of the cranial aspect of the head

Question 27

A PT performs girth measurements on a pt rehabilitating from knee surgery. The therapist takes the measurements 5cm and 10cm above the superior pole of the patella with the pt in supine. The girth measurements are recorded as 32cm and 37cm on the right and 34cm and 40cm on the left. Which of the following conclusions can be made regarding the strength of the pts quads? 1. The R quad will be capable of producing a greater force than the left 2. The L quad will be capable of producing greater force than the right 3. The R & L quads will be capable of producing equal force 4. Not enough information given to form a conclusion

Answer 27

4. Not enough information given to form a conclusion

Question 28

A PT instructs a patient to expire maximally after taking a max inspiration. The therapist can use these instructions to measure the pts: 1. Expiratory reserve volume 2. Inspiratory reserve volume 3. Total lung capacity 4. Vital capacity

Answer 28

4. Vital capacity

Question 29

A PT participating in aresearch project decides it will be necessary to utilize a relatively large sample. By including a large number of subjects, the researcher hopes to increase: 1. The effect size 2. The likelihood of rejecting the null hypothesis 3. The validity of the outcome measures 4. The reliability of the outcome measures

Answer 29

2. The likelihood of rejecting the null hypothesis

Question 30

A PT monitors a pts vital signs while exercising in a phase 1 cardiac rehab program. The pt is status post MI and has progressed without difficulty while involved in the program. Which of the following vital sign recordings would exceed the typical limits of a phase 1 program? 1. HR elevated 18 BPM above resting level 2. RR of 18 breaths per min 3. Systolic BP decreased by 25 mmHg from resting level 4. Diastolic BP less than 100 mm Hg

Answer 30

3. Systolic BP dec by 25 mm Hg from resting level

Question 31

A PT establises the following short term goal for a pt reabilitating from TKA surgery. Pt will ambulate with a walker 50% WB and MOD Assist of 1 for 20ft within 1 week. 3 days later, the pt successfully achieves the established goal. Which of the following would be the most appropriate revision of the short term goal? 1. Ambulate with waker 75% WB and Mod Assist of 1 for 30 ft within 1 week 2. Ambulate with wlker 50% WB and mod assist of 2 for 30 ft within 1 week. 3. Ambulate with walker 50% WB and Min assist of 1 for 30ft within one week 4. Ambulate with walker 75% WB and Min assist of 1 for 10 ft within 1 week.

Answer 31

3. Ambulate with walker 50% WB and Min assist of 1 for 30ft within one week

Question 32

A physician orders a nasogastric tube for a pt on an acute rehab unit. Which of the following does NOT accurately describe a potential use of the NG tube? 1. Administer medication directly into the nasogastric tube? 2. Obtain gastric specimens 3. Remove fluid or gas from the stomach 4. Obtain venous blood samples from te stomach

Answer 32

4. Obtain venous blood samples from the stomach

Question 33

When observing a pt ambulating, a PT notes that the pts gait has the following chracteristics: narrow base of support, short BIL step length, and decreased trunk rotation. This gait pattern is often obsered in pts with a diagnosis of: 1. CVA 2. Parkinson's disease 3. Post-Polio Syndrome 4. Multiple sclerosis

Answer 33

2. Parkinson's disease

Question 34

A PT prepares to complete an assisted pivot transfer with a pt that requires Mod assist. In order to increase a pts independence with the transfer, which of the following instructons would be the MOST appropriate? 1. I want you to help me perform the transfer 2. Try to utiize your own strength to complete the transfer 3. Only grab on to me if it is absolutely necessary 4. Pretend you were home alone and needed to complete the transfer

Answer 34

2. Try to utilize your own strength to complete the transfer

Question 35

A PT instructs a pt with LE amputation to wrap her residual limb. The pt has mildly impaired sensation on several localized areas of the residual limb. Which of the following would be the LEAST acceptable method of securing the bandage? 1. Clips 2. Safety pins 3. Tape 4. velcro

Answer 35

1. Clips

Question 36

A PT attempts to idenntify a pts risk factors for coronary artery disease as part of a health screening. The pts HR is recorded as 78 BPM and BP 110/70 mm Hg. A recent lab report indicates a total cholesterol level of 170 mm/dL with high-density lipoproteins reported as 20mg/dL and low density lipoproteins as 110 mg/dL. Which of the following values would be considered atypical? 1. HR 2. BP 3. High-density lipoproteins (HDL) 4. Low-density lipoproteins (LDL)

Answer 36

3. High-density lipoproteins (HDL)

Question 37

A PT performs palpation with a pt positioned in standing as part of a respiratory assessment. Which structure would be the MOST appropriate to assess with the therapist positioned behind the pt? 1. Mediastinum 2. Upper chest wall motion 3. Middle chest wall motion 4. Lower chest wall motion

Answer 37

4. Lower chest wall motion

Question 38

A Pt prepres a whirlpool treatment for a scheduled pt. Which treatment area would place the pt at the GREATEST risk for hyperthermia? 1. Wrist and hand 2. Thigh 3. Elbow 4. Foot and ankle

Answer 38

2. Thigh

Question 39

A group of PTs conducts scoliosis screenings on adolescents as part of PT week. The MOST appropriate action after identifying an adolescent wit a mod scoliotic curve is to: 1. Refer the adolescent for further ortopedic assessment 2. Educate te adolescent as to the cause of the scoliosis 3. Devise an exercise program for the adolescent 4. Instruct the adolescent in the importance of proper protocol

Answer 39

1. Refer the adolescent for further orthopedic assessment

Question 40

A PT checks the water temp of the hot pack machine fter several report the heat being very strong. Which of he following temps would be acceptable? 1. 64 degrees celcius (147 deg fahrenheit) 2. 71 degrees celcius (160 deg fahrenheit) 3. 83 degrees celcius (181 deg fahrenheit) 4. 94 degrees celcius (201 deg fahrenheit)

Answer 40

2. 71 degrees celcius (160 deg fahrenheit)