Sepsis is a common cause of ARDS. What antibiotics can be used to treat?
- Piperacillin Tazobactam
- Vancomycin
This anti inflammatory corticosteroid can be seen in ARDS and Respiratory Failure
Methylprednisolone
What does norepinephrine do?
A vasoconstrictor which raises blood pressure
In ARDS, midazolam/lorazepam are used as….
Anti anxiety meds
*titrate to RASS
This bronchodilator med can be used for ARDS and respiratory failure to open up airways….
Albuterol
A client on mechanical ventilation needs to be sedated. What medications are usually used?
- Propofol
- Dexmedetomidine
What medication is used when a client is not compliant with a ventilator leading to respiratory compromise?
Cisatracurium (Nimbex)
A sucking chest wound due to the sucking sound heard as air rushes through the chest walls is described as what type of pneumothorax?
Open pneumothorax
What are two things that tension pneumothorax can cause?
- trachea deviation (causing hypoxemia)
- reduces venous return (causing hemodynamic stability)
Manifestations of shock include:
Pale, cold, clammy skin
Shallow, rapid respirations
Dyspnea
Tachycardia
Alternated mental status
N/V
Hypotension
When is a chest tube momentarily clamped?
To change drainage apparatus or to check for air leaks
What does the virchow’s triad comprise of in pulmonary embolism?
- Hypercoagulability
- Vessel wall injury
- Venous stasis
These medications are used in pulmonary embolism to prevent clot formation and enlargement. They also have a lower risk of bleeding than heparin….
Enoxaparin
Dalteparin
Fondaparinux
What med is alteplase?
Thrombolytic
Used in PE
Very high risk for bleeding
Contraindicated for uncontrolled HTN or brain bleeding
What can be done when medications are ineffective for pulmonary embolism?
Thrombectomy
What action do meds like albuterol, theophylline and ipratropium bromide have in common?
Bronchodilators
In respiratory failure, what does dopamine, dobutamine and norepinephrine all have in common?
Increase cardiac output
What are the first line treatments of OSA?
- weight loss
- avoidance of alcohol
- positional therapy
- MAD (mandibular advancement device)
What are other treatments for OSA regarding ventilation?
CPAP
BiPAP
*both taken in conjunction with modafinil and protriptyline
What does furosemide and nitroglycerin do in respiratory failure?
Decrease preload and pulmonary edema
This medication is an opioid that can be used for venodilation…
Morphine
This medication decreases preload, after load and pulmonary edema. It is also a common vasodilator…
Nitroglycerin
What does the Berlin criteria consist of?
- onset occurs within 7 days of event
- noncardiac origin
- bilateral lung infiltrates
- PaO2/FiO2 ratio less that 300
in ARDS
This ventilator mode has to do with assist control through volume or pressure.The ventilator takes over when the RR falls below preset amount….
Full support
