Exam 2

Question 1

iconoscope

Answer 1

• the first TV camera tube to convert light rays into electrical signals
• invented by Zwory-kin

Question 2

infotainment

Answer 2

• programs that package human interest and celebrity stories
• used both to inform and entertain

Question 3

Narrowcasting

Answer 3

• the delivery of specialized programing for niche viewer groups
• thereby cutting into broadcastings large audience

Question 4

Happy violence

Answer 4

violence that leads to a happy ending- swift, cool, painless

Question 5

television as a Ritual

Answer 5

-Gerbner said said television was a ritualistic because there was no recording and everyone had to sit around the TV together at the same time every night

Question 6

Gerbner’s Cultivation theory

Answer 6

high frequency viewers of television are more susceptible to media messages and the belief that they are real and valid.

Question 7

Ideology

Answer 7

a basic system of meaning that helps define and explain the world and then makes value judgments about the world

Question 8

Hegemony

Answer 8

is the use of ideology to maintain power through force or consent

Question 9

how media normalizes our lives

Answer 9

Defines what beinging normal in society is

Question 10

false consciousness

Answer 10

subordinate classes accept the basic ideology of the ruling class

Question 11

cultural contradiction

Answer 11

express dominant ideology and partially challenging worldveiws. Argue that mass media texts include more contradictory messages

Question 12

television as speed-of-light

Answer 12

• proposed by Postman
• sine the invention of the telegraph, media has been infinitely faster
• how quickly stories and news is being displayed to the public

Question 13

Present centered television

Answer 13

the media used to take control over the presence of its viewers

Question 14

ideological narcissism

Answer 14

• no idea is right but its own/filter bubble
• postman reading
• narcissism=self love

Question 15

trivial culture

Answer 15

• the truth would be drowned in a sea of irrelevance
• Huxley believed in this
• people from brave new world want their information regulated

Question 16

captive culture

Answer 16

• the truth to be hidden from us
• Fahrenheit 451
• oxley believed in this
• 1980s postman

Question 17

kinetoscope

Answer 17

small projection system required individual users to to look through a small hole to see images moving on a tiny plate

Question 18

vitascope

Answer 18

large screen system that allowed longer filmstrips to be projected without interruption

Question 19

Nickelodeons

Answer 19

a type of movie theater whose name combines the admission price (five cents) with the greek word for theater

Question 20

movie palaces

Answer 20

impressive size and luxuriously appointed interiors that hosted the playing of movies

Question 21

consensus narratives

Answer 21

popular cultural products that provide us with shared experiences

Question 22

nonlinear viewing

Answer 22

media is a form of media that can be interacted with by the consumer, such as by selecting television shows to watch through a video on demand type service, by playing a video game, by clicking through a website, or by interacting through social media.

Question 23

multiple threading

Answer 23

multiple threads in a plot because the producers know the audience is actively watching the episodes. thanks to Netflix and Hulu. unlike when families had to wait for the next week to continue the plot.

• duca thinks this makes people better TV watchers
• watchers could be smarter by watching this way

Question 24

flashing arrow

Answer 24

• old plot lines had to clearly state things(such as who bad guy is)
• audience doesn’t need that flashing arrow, and don’t need to be treated like uneducated watchers

Question 25

Phonograph

Answer 25

- allowed for sound to be transcribed - made of foil - invented by Edison

Question 26

gramophone

Answer 26

- played disc instead of cylinders | - invented by berliner

Question 27

analog recording

Answer 27

captures fluctuations of sound waves and captures them into the grooves

Question 28

digital recording

Answer 28

translates sound into binary on off pulses and stores that info in sequences of one and zeros

Question 29

digitalization

Answer 29

info in analog form (such as text and pictures) is translated into binary code

Question 30

decentralized network

Answer 30

multiple different main sources that a few links are connected to

Question 31

centralized network

Answer 31

one middle source where all links connect to

Question 32

distributed network

Answer 32

all links are connected to each other evenly

Question 33

hypertext

Answer 33

allowed linking of content across different parts of network

Question 34

digital divide

Answer 34

the gap between demographics and regions that have access to modern information and communications technology, and those that don't or have restricted access

Question 35

addiction to media

Answer 35

compulsion to consume something or engage in a set of behaviors to the point that it significantly interferes with a person's life.

Question 36

limited freedom

Answer 36

stricter parents= more FOMO and resulting in more media usage

Question 37

sociality

Answer 37

social nature or tendencies as shown in the assembling of individuals in communities.

Question 38

multitasking

Answer 38

deal with more than one task at the same time

Question 39

declining empathy in communication

Answer 39

we are failing to sympathize because we are so used to media conversations that are so impersonal and distant

Question 40

concentration drift

Answer 40

the quick shift in attention due to the quickness of media in todays digital age

Question 41

audiences

Answer 41

An audience is a group of people that receives information but does not take action in regards to the information they have received

Question 42

publics

Answer 42

taking in information an actively discussing and sharing it

Question 43

fandoms

Answer 43

the fans of a particular person, team, fictional series, etc., regarded collectively as a community or subculture.

Question 44

collaborate

Answer 44

work jointly on an activity, especially to produce or create something.

Question 45

produsage

Answer 45

type of user-led content creation that takes place in a variety of online environments, open source software, and the blogosphere

Question 46

lurkers

Answer 46

the people who don't participate in creating media and just observe

Question 47

participatory culture

Answer 47

when private individuals (the public) do not act as consumers only, but also as contributors or producers

Question 48

collective intelligence

Answer 48

is shared or group intelligence that emerges from the collaboration, collective efforts, and competition of many individuals and appears in consensus decision making.