Name two types of field interviews
consensual encounter & investigative detention
what legal authority do you need for a detention?
reasonable suspicion
when does Miranda apply for field interviews?
does not apply to consensual encounters or invstigative detentions. only applies to arrest custody
what is a detained person required to tell the officer?
if there is a law, they must ID themselves
What info is needed to complete an F.I.R.?
- Date and Time of stop
- Address of stop
- Full name, and nickname
- home address
- home or cell number
- full description including tattoos
- DOB and SSN
- employment
- admitted or know criminal history / gang activity
- Complete list of clothing worn
- full vehicle description
- gather the same info on all associates of the subject
- circumstances surrounding the stop
- if the person is a juvenile, either employer, parent, guardian or school is needed.
What is a field interview?
it is a contact between a citizen and an officer, where either the citizen is free to leave or detained for the purpose of obtaining information.
what level of proof is it when an officer has articulable facts and reasonable inferences from those facts that a person is about to commit, is committing, or just committed a crime?
reasonable suspicion
facts used to develop reasonable suspicion
- time of day
- location of the encounter
- patterns of recent street crimes
- description of wanted person
- behavior of the person
- hides when they see you
- drops or conceals something as you approach
- bulge consistent with a weapon
- verbal communication of other officers/citizens
Steps to investigate a pretextual stop
complete the steps
checks are done, summons and warning issued,
tell them they are free to leave
but, you would like to talk to them further.
Springfield’s Use of False ID ordinance number
78-36
What are tactical consideration for conducting field interviews?
selecting a point of contact positioning questions to ask who are you dealing with? high crime area?
