Astronomy- study of the _____, which is the totality of all ____, ______, and ________
universe, matter, energy, space time
solar system- ________ bound system of the sun and all _______ that orbit it
gravitationally, objects
Heliocentric model
(everything orbits the sun)
Keplers laws
All planets move in elliptical orbits around the sun, with the sun located as one focus of the ellipse.
- a radial vector joining a planet to the sun sweeps out equal areas in equal times
- The square of the sidereal period of the planet is proportional to the cube of its semi major axis
Major planets
The sun constitutes 99.87% of major planets
All planets orbit in a plane ______ when viewed from______the North Pole
__________
counterclockwise, “above” , (Prograde motion)
Planets rotate on axis. Also _____________
Exception is Venus and Uranus ________
prograde motion, (retrograde)
Condensation theory
Began as a large cold, spherical cloud of gas and dust. (Solar nebula)
Contracts under its _______, ________ pull,
Rotates more ______.
Mutual, gravitational, quickly
Variations in _______, form______.
density, planets
Formation of rocky wine “frost line”
______ and_____
Penumbra and umbra
Penumbra and umbra
The umbra is the darkest, central part of a shadow, where all direct light is blocked. The penumbra is the surrounding area of partial shade, where only some direct light is blocked
Comet anatomy
Nucleous, coma, hydrogen cloud, ion and dust tail
Sun anatomy
Core, radiative zone, convective zone, photosphere, chromosphere, corona zone.
Pp chain
H1+h1 —>h2+h1—> 3he+
>1he+1he+4he
H1+h1 —>h2+h1—>3he+
Apparent magnitude
1st is the brightest, 6th would be the dimmest
Hotter the star the more _____ it is
Yellow the less hot and _____ is colder
blue, red
Sun life cycle
Ignite- radiates- expands- maybe explodes- dies
Red giants
Core turns to helium, contracts, heats up, expands, begins to cool
Nucleosynthesis-
creation of atomic nuclei in stars
