Exam 3 Chart

Question 1

Hirschsprung Disease =

• mechanical _____ from inadequate _____ of the ______
• _____ of ganglion cells in the colon

Answer 1

= Congenital Aganglionic Megacolon

• mechanical obstruction from inadequate motility of the intestine
• absence of ganglion cells in colon

Question 2

Hirschsprung Disease usually involves which parts of the GI tract? (2)

Answer 2

Usually involves the rectum and proximal colon

Question 3

What happens to stool in Hirschsprung disease?

Answer 3

Stool accumulates bc no motility -> distention

Question 4

S/S of Hirschsprung Disease in newborns (4)

Answer 4

• No meconium 24-48 hrs after birth
• refusal to feed (FTT)
• Vomiting, distention, and constipation
• Ribbon like stools

Question 5

How to Diagnose Hirschsprung disease

• _____ after ____
• Rectal ____

Answer 5

• X-ray after Enema

- Rectal Biopsy

Question 6

Treatment/Management for Hirschsprung disease =

What will they have after?

Answer 6

Surgery

Temporary ostomy

Question 7

Gastro-esophageal reflux (GER) =

Who does it occur in? But what would make it abnormal?

Answer 7

= transfer of gastric contents into esophagus

Everyone, Frequency and persistency may make it abnormal

Question 8

Gastroesophageal Reflux (GER)

• common in infants less than?
• how does it resolve?

Answer 8

• less than 2 months

- resolves spontaneously

Question 9

S/S of Gastro-esophageal reflux (GER)

• re______, v_____, ___ feeder, ____ infant, _ _ _/wh____
• _____* syndrome =
• Heart_____

Answer 9

• regurgitation, vomiting, poor feeder, irritable, URI/wheezing
• SANDIFER syndrome* = arching of the back

Question 10

Medications for Gastro-esophageal reflux (GER) (2)

Answer 10

• H2 receptor antagonist (Zantac)

- PPI (Nexium, Prevacid)

Question 11

Surgery for GER =

Answer 11

Surgical Fundoplication

Question 12

Management of GER

• Thicken formula with _____
• Feed ___ amounts more _____

Answer 12

• cereal

- small, frequently

Question 13

Pyloric Stenosis =

Develops in the first __-__ weeks of life

Answer 13

= hypertrophy of the pylorus causing constriction of pyloric sphincter with obstruction of gastric outlet (bt stomach and small intestine)

• 2-5 wks

Question 14

S/S of Pyloric Stenosis (3)

Answer 14

• Projectile vomiting
• Needs re-feeding
• Can result in dehydration and poor weight gain

Question 15

Pyloric Stenosis diagnosed with? You will feel what?

Answer 15

Ultrasound, palpable olive shaped mass

Question 16

Correction of Pyloric Stenosis =

• ____ recover feeding - hrs post op

Answer 16

= surgical correction with fundoplication

• rapid, 4-5

Question 17

Intussusception =

May be due to? but often cause is _____

Female/Male babies from - months get this (may go up to age __)

Answer 17

= telescoping or invagination of one portion of intestine into another

• intestinal lesions, unknown

Male, 3-9 months, may go up to age 5

Question 18

S/S of intussusception

• V____
• Currant ____ stools
• ___ and ___ in stool

Answer 18

• Vomiting
• Jelly
• Mucous and blood in stool

Question 19

How to diagnose intussusception?

___% non-operative reduction

Answer 19

= US guided saline enema

80%