Exercise bioenergetics

Question 1

Define metabolism?

Answer 1

Sum of all chemical reactions in the body

Question 2

What is bioenergetics?

Answer 2

The flow and exchange of energy in a

Question 3

What is the first law of thermodynamics?

Answer 3

Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one state to another

Question 4

What is a coupled reaction?

Answer 4

liberation of energy from an exergonic reaction drives an endergonic reaction

Question 5

What is the function of a catalytic enzyme?

Answer 5

Increase the rate of product formation

Question 6

Identify 4 types of enzyme

Answer 6

1. Kinase - adds phosphate
2. Dehydrogenase - removes H+
3. Oxidase - promotes oxidation-reduction reaction
4. Isomerase - rearranges anatomical strucuture

Question 7

How many NADH and pyruvate/lactate formed in glycolysis?

Answer 7

2 + 2

Question 8

What happens in the ETC?

Answer 8

• Electrons are passed down cytochromes, whilst H+ are pumped into intermembrane space
• Movement of H+ through ATP synthase produces ATP

Question 9

How many ATP molecules can be produced in fully oxidation?

Answer 9

32-38 ATP

Question 10

What is oxygen deficit?

Answer 10

The discrepancy between initial demand and production of ATP

Question 11

What is EPOC?

Question 12

Name the 4 hormonal mechanisms that maintain blood glucose concentrations.

Answer 12

1. Increase glycogenolysis
2. Gluconeogenesis
3. Block glucose uptake
4. Mobilisation of FFA

Question 13

What initiates glucose uptake when hormonal mechanisms block the uptake of glucose?

Answer 13

AMPK is activated during exercise, driving translocation of GLUT4 transporters to the membrane