Why is there such a diversity of wines from Rioja?
The different geography provides a variety of aspects, altitudes, soils and microclimates can produce different raw materials for making the wine. They are also influenced by the winemakers and wineries.
Which river traverses Rioja?
The Ebro and most winegrowing is around the river on both sides as well as at some altitudes.
What are the the three zones of Rioja?
Rioja Alta;
Rioja Alavesa;
Rioja Oriental.
Which mountain range protects Alavesa from the Atlantic influence?
Sierra De Cantabria.
Where are the vineyards of Alavesa planted?
On the south-facing foothill slopes of the Sierra De Cantabria, protected from the northern storms.
What soils are the vineyards in Alavesa planted on?
Poor soils, ochre in colour, of calcareous clay which is water retentive.
What is the predominant variety in Alavesa? Why is this?
Tempranillo as it is better suited to the cooler soils than those requiring more warm soils.
What is the topography of Rioja Alta? What does it provide for grapegrowing?
It runs south from the Ebro river to the Sierra De La Demanda with a combination of hills, terraces and plains which provide a wide variety of aspects and altitudes.
What climate influence is in Alta?
The Atlantic, whose cold north winds impact here
What are the main soil types in Alta?
Fresh clay soils with a reddish tone from ferrous component. Near to the Ebro is alluvial soils with boulders and stones which retain heat and support ripening.
Which grapes are planted in Alta?
The most is Tempranillo but also small plantings of Graciano and Garnacha Tinta.
What is the topography of Rioja Oriental?
Mainly plains with occasional hills.
Which factors influence the climate of Oriental?
As it is further from the Atlantic it has less influence due to the Cantabrian Mountains. The Mediterranean influences the southern part of Oriental.
How does the Mediterranean influence the climate in Rioja Oriental?
There is more heat and less humidity so it is better suited to grapes requiring heat eg Garnacha.
What are the main soils of Oriental?
Ferrous clay and alluvial soils.
Which grapes thrive in the soils of Oriental?
The stoney, dry, alluvial soils are ideal for Garnacha and also Graciano which requires heat to develp its power and provide structure for ageing the wines.
Which area in Rioja Oriental grows fresher grapes?
Sierra de Yerga which, due to its altitude, provides fresher grapes for freshness and balance in the wines.
