Extra Conditions

Question 1

Why would we go to the hospital with a wound?

Answer 1

any debris inside

Question 2

What are the 3 categories of wounds?

Answer 2

• abrasions: scraping
• lacerations: generally cuts
• punctures: point that pierces

Question 3

How do we manage wounds?

Answer 3

• Clean them
• Dress them
• Make sure that they stay clean

Question 4

How long should wounds take to heal if not infected?

Answer 4

about a week

Question 5

What are the signs of infection?

Answer 5

• Red​ ​circle​ ​around​ ​wound
• Tender​ ​to​ ​touch
• Inflammation
• fever

Question 6

What are infectious diseases?

Answer 6

• Any​ ​pathogen​ ​that​ ​enters​ ​your​ ​body​ ​that​ ​disrupts​ ​normal​ ​function
• Immune​ ​system​ ​matches​ ​defence

Question 7

Most pathogens are …

Answer 7

bacteria

Question 8

What are the signs and symptoms of infectious diseases?

Answer 8

• Fever
• Inflammation
• Red​ ​circle

Question 9

What does MRSA stand for?

Answer 9

methicillin-resistant​ ​staphylococcus​ ​aureus

Question 10

Why do we see MRSA with athletes?

Answer 10

because of their environment

Question 11

When are you more prone to getting MRSA?

Answer 11

open wound

Question 12

Why is MRSA dangerous?

Answer 12

resistant to antibiotics

Question 13

What are the signs and symptoms of MRSA?

Answer 13

• Fever
• Feel​ ​unwell
• Area​ ​with​ ​cut​ ​will​ ​become​ ​very​ ​swollen,​ ​red,​ ​tender​ ​to​ ​the​ ​touch

Question 14

How do we manage MRSA?

Answer 14

Try​ ​and​ ​give​ ​them​ ​higher​ ​and​ ​higher​ ​doses​ ​of​ ​antibiotics

Question 15

MRSA can lead to …

Answer 15

​flesh​ ​eating​ ​disease​ ​(necrotizing​ ​fasciitis)

Question 16

What is flesh eating disease?

Answer 16

• Physically​ ​eats​ ​skin​ ​and​ ​fascia​ ​tissue​ ​away​ ​from​ ​body
• Cut​ ​limbs​ ​off​ ​to​ ​save​ ​rest​ ​of​ ​body
• Difficult​ ​to​ ​be​ ​killed​ ​in​ ​a​ ​medical​ ​environment

Question 17

Name some blood borne pathogens.

Answer 17

• Bacteria
• Viruses​ ​(cold​ ​virus)
• Hepititis (High​ ​possibility​ ​of​ ​spreading​ ​in​ ​athletic environments)
• HIV

Question 18

Name some universal precautions.

Answer 18

• Wash​ ​hands
• Use​ ​gloves
• Clean​ ​environment
• Take​ ​antibiotics​ ​until​ ​they​ ​are​ ​done​ ​their​ ​prescription

Question 19

What is diabetes?

Answer 19

Complete​ ​or​ ​partial​ ​decrease​ ​in​ ​secretion​ ​of​ ​insulin​ ​by​ ​pancreas

Question 20

What are the 2 types of diabetes?

Answer 20

• type 1

- type 2

Question 21

Describe type 1 diabetes.

Answer 21

• Pancreas​ ​doesn’t​ ​produce​ ​or​ ​secrete​ ​enough​ ​insulin
• Physical​ ​loss​ ​of​ ​function​ ​with​ ​pancreas
• Insulin​ ​dependent
• Must​ ​monitor​ ​blood​ ​sugar​ ​and​ ​take​ ​injections
• Most​ ​athletes
• Have​ ​particular​ ​diets

Question 22

How do we help manage type 1 diabetes?

Answer 22

• Always​ ​travel​ ​with​ ​monitor​ ​and​ ​cooler​ ​full​ ​of​ ​their​ ​insulin​ ​injections
• Keep​ ​orange​ ​juice,​ ​sugar​ ​packages​ ​in​ ​your​ ​medical​ ​kit​ ​so​ ​you​ ​can​ ​help them​ ​if​ ​they​ ​have​ ​an​ ​incident​ ​while​ ​they​ ​are​ ​playing

Question 23

Describe type 2 diabetes.

Answer 23

• Related​ ​to​ ​obesity
• Related​ ​to​ ​sugar​ ​intake
• Non​ ​insulin​ ​dependent
• Do​ ​not​ ​monitor​ ​blood​ ​sugar​ ​daily
• Not​ ​taking​ ​injections

Question 24

Most people with diabetes can manage with…

Answer 24

balanced​ ​precise​ ​eating​ ​and​ ​good​ ​activity levels

Question 25

What are the 2 different emergencies for people with diabetes?

Answer 25

- diabetic coma | - insulin shock

Question 26

What is a diabetic coma?

Answer 26

- too much sugar in blood | - need to take insulin

Question 27

What are the signs and symptoms of a diabetic coma?

Answer 27

- Fruity​ ​breath​ ​(sweet​ ​smelling) - Laboured​ ​breathing - Naucious - Vomiting - Thirsty - Confused - Flushed​ ​skin

Question 28

What is insulin shock?

Answer 28

- too much insulin or not enough sugar - need sugar: OJ with sugar - generally type 1 diabetics have these more than type 2

Question 29

What are the signs and symptoms of insulin shock?

Answer 29

- Physically​ ​weak - Tingling​ ​sensation​ ​in​ ​hands​ ​and​ ​feet - Headaches - Abdominal​ ​pain - Rapid​ ​heartbeat - Irritable - Fatigued

Question 30

What is epilepsy? What can it be caused by?

Answer 30

- recurrent seizure pattern | - can be caused by concussion

Question 31

What are grand mal seizures?

Answer 31

- Bigger​ ​looking​ ​episodes - Last​ ​longer - More​ ​impact​ ​on​ ​their​ ​life - Out​ ​of​ ​commission​ ​for​ ​longer

Question 32

What are petite mal seizures?

Answer 32

- Smaller​ ​looking​ ​episodes - Don’t​ ​last​ ​as​ ​long - Not​ ​out​ ​of​ ​commission​ ​for​ ​as​ ​long

Question 33

What do we caution people with epilepsy in athletics?

Answer 33

- avoid collision sports | - avoid dangerous environments to have seizure

Question 34

Why do people with epilepsy need to avoid collision sports?

Answer 34

risk of impact to head

Question 35

Name some dangerous environments for people with epilepsy.

Answer 35

- Rock​ ​climbing - Cliff​ ​diving - In​ ​the​ ​water - Avoid​ ​being​ ​alone - Some​ ​related​ ​to​ ​heights

Question 36

Asthma can be triggered by:

Answer 36

- cold,​ ​cold​ ​weather - Sharp​ ​increases​ ​in​ ​physical​ ​activity - Increases​ ​in​ ​barometric​ ​pressure - Emotional​ ​distress - Exposure​ ​to​ ​allergens

Question 37

What is asthma?

Answer 37

- Spasm​ ​of​ ​bronchial​ ​wall - Less​ ​of​ ​tube​ ​for​ ​air​ ​to​ ​get​ ​through - increased mucus production

Question 38

What are the signs and symptoms of asthma?

Answer 38

- Difficulty​ ​breathing - High​ ​stress - Hyperventilate - Tightness​ ​in​ ​chest - Cough - Wheezing - Tired - Might​ ​pass​ ​out

Question 39

What do puffers do?

Answer 39

Medication​ ​cause​ ​dilation​ ​through​ ​bronchial

Question 40

What exercises are recommended for people with asthma?

Answer 40

- Helps​ ​to​ ​increase​ ​fitness​ ​levels​ ​of​ ​respiratory​ ​system - Need​ ​good​ ​warm​ ​ups​ ​and​ ​cool​ ​downs - Swimming​ ​is​ ​highly​ ​recommended - Breathing​ ​out​ ​against​ ​water​ ​is​ ​like​ ​weight​ ​resistance​ ​to​ ​lungs

Question 41

What is mononucleosis caused by?

Answer 41

virus (epstein barr virus)

Question 42

Mono attacks ...

Answer 42

- whole body | - RBC

Question 43

What are signs and symptoms of mono?

Answer 43

- ​very​ ​tired,​ ​can’t​ ​function - Inflames​ ​and​ ​enlarges​ ​their​ ​spleen - Spleen​ ​is​ ​where​ ​RBC​ ​is​ ​produced,​ ​get​ ​rid​ ​of​ ​ones​ ​that​ ​aren’t​ ​working

Question 44

Why do we limit people with mono from all activity for 3-4 weeks?

Answer 44

- Any​ ​injury​ ​to​ ​spleen​ ​would​ ​be​ ​bad | - If​ ​spleen​ ​is​ ​ruptured​ ​or​ ​damaged,​ ​it​ ​can’t​ ​be​ ​replaced,​ ​need​ ​dialysis

Question 45

Why are people with mono seen by a doctor every 2 weeks?

Answer 45

monitoring inflammation in spleen

Question 46

What is anemia?

Answer 46

iron deficiency in blood

Question 47

What are the 3 typical causes of anemia?

Answer 47

- not enough RBC - diet, not enough iron - long distance runner: destroying RBC with contact

Question 48

What are the signs and symptoms of anemia?

Answer 48

- Generally​ ​will​ ​have​ ​sharp​ ​performance​ ​decline - More​ ​tired - More​ ​sore - Generally​ ​have​ ​burn​ ​in​ ​thighs - Nauseous - Crave​ ​ice

Question 49

How do we manage anemia?

Answer 49

- important to know why they have it - increase iron intake - ​Increase​ ​red​ ​meat,​ ​increase​ ​poultry,​ ​take​ ​supplements

Question 50

What do we do for long distance runners with anemia?

Answer 50

- decrease​ ​their​ ​mileage - Cross​ ​training - Less​ ​impact