1
Q
Astigmatism
A
Cornea is shaped like a football vs a softball. Have trouble seeing close and far away
2
Q
Cylinder
A
Ex: -1.00, 0.75 indicates the amount of lens power for astigmatisms. If nothing appears, then you have no astigmatism
3
Q
Out of Network Plans
A
10% discount on materials (frames and lenses), and contacts. Do not discount Wiley X or Costa products. Always Vision, Davis, UHC Vision, and VSP
4
Q
Cash patients
A
10% off all lens options (not frame) do not discount wiley X or Costa products
5
Q
Esotropia
A
tropia test= measuring one eye at a time
eso starts in and moves outward
6
Q
Hypertropia
A
Tropia= measured one eye at a time (UTC- unilateral cover test)
eye starts down and moves upward
7
Q
Hypotropia
A
Tropia is measure one eye at a time (UCT= unilateral cover test)
Starts up and moves down
8
Q
The Family clinic of Crowley
A
Dr. Karrie Kilgore and Dr. Paul string fellow -Odd Fellows
9
Q
Acadiana Family Medical Associates
A
Rayne, LA Mark Dawson, MD Tom Curtis, MD Neal Duhon, MD Marin Dawson, DO Danielle Duhon, MD
10
Q
Pred Forte
A
Steroid- inflammation
11
Q
Lotemax
A
Steroid- Redness, itching and watering from allergies, infection, herpes, and eye surgery
12
Q
Alrex
A
Steroid- Redness, itching and watering from allergies, infection, herpes, and eye surgery.
13
Q
Travatan
A
Glaucoma Rx- reduce pressure inside eye; increases the drainage of the fluid
14
Q
Latanoprost
A
Glaucoma Rx- Reduce pressure inside eye; increases the drainage of the fluid
15
Q
Simbrinza
A
Glaucoma Rx- decreases production of fluid inside eye
16
Q
Cosopt
A
Glaucoma Rx- decreases production of fluid inside eye
17
Q
Tobradex
A
Combination Antibiotic and steroid- used for treatment of inflammatory eye conditions where bacteria eye infection or risks of bacterial eye infection exists.
18
Q
Moxeza
A
Antibiotic- treat pink eye, etc
19
Q
Besivance
A
Antibiotic- treat pink eye, etc
20
Q
Lastacaft
A
Allergy Rx- Prevent itching caused by pink eye
21
Q
Zaditor
A
Allergy Rc- OTC
22
Q
Macular degeneration
A
Deterioration of the central retina; causes black or blurry spot in the middle of vision. When the cells of the macula deteriorate, images are not received correctly.
23
Q
Dry macular degeneration
A
85-95% of all cases. Atrophic type- Waste away, due to degeneration of cells
24
Q
Wet Macular degeneration
A
10-15% Exudative type. Fluid Emitting through pours or a wound.
25
Axis
-Where the vision is blurred from 1 degree- 180 degrees. -Lens meridian that contains no cylinder power to correct astigmatism. -90 corresponds to vertical meridian of the eye -180 corresponds to horizontal meridian -If there is cylinder power, it myst include axis
26
Sphere
ex: +0.75= amount of lens power measured in diopters (d), prescribed to correct near sighted or farsightedness -, if you are near sighted + if you are farsighted
27
Keratometry
The sphere of the cornea
28
PO
medication taken by mouth
29
Diabetic retinopathy
High Blood sugar levels cause damage to blood vessels in the retina. These blood vessels can swell and leak, or they can close, stopping blood from passing though
30
Glaucoma
Disease that damages your eye's optic nerve. Happens when fluids build up in the front part of your eye. That extra fluid increases the pressure in your eye, damaging optic nerve.
31
Retina
sensitive to light and trigger nerve impulses that pass via the optic nerve to the brain. The retina absorbs light and transmits vision (like film in a camera)
32
Cataracts
(posterior) clouding of the normally clear lens of the eye. Symptoms: Blurry vision, looking though a frosty or fogged up window.
33
Autorefraction
Approximation of a patients prescription. It also tells us the shape of the cornea, so that we can know what kind of contact lens shape to choose for a patients
34
BID
twice daily
35
Cylinder
-Depends if you have an astigmatism whether you have the #s or not -Astigmatism= football (the cyl#= degree shaped like football) -If you have an astigmatism, you'll also have an axis
36
Macula
Yellow oval shaped pigmented area near the center of the retina of the eye -Allows a person central vision
37
Emmetropia
No prescription; sees well
38
PRM
take as needed.... dryness, pain, etc.
39
Comprehensive encounter
Full exam, no contaxts
40
Anti-glare coating
applied to front and backsurface of lens to reduce scratches, glare, and make lenses disappear in frame. \*applied to inner surface of sunglasses to block glare -A/R coatings
41
Polarization
Built into lens to block horizontal rays off road and water. Great for fishermen, outdoors men, truck driveres; not necessary for sports.
42
Xtractive transitions.
Slight tint inside; very dark outside; works a little behind windhsield
43
Vantage transitions
polarized when it gets dark outside; does not work behind windshield
44
Gradient tint
Color gets lighter ad you move down lenses. Cant be polarized
45
What blood pressure is considered prehypertension?
120-139 / 80-89
46
What amount of blood pressure is considered hypertension stage 1?
Stage 1: 140-159 / 80-99
47
What amount of blood pressure is considered hypertension stage 2?
Stage 2: greater than or equal to 160 / greater than or equal to 100
48
Convergence
Where both eyes point to the same object at the same time when looking up close at an object
49
Cornea
Transparent front surface of the eye that covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber. -Contributes to the image- forming process by refracting light entering the eye
50
Arcus is
Ring around the periphery of cornea caused by high cholesterol- lipid buildup that concentrates in limbus area of cornea
51
SPK (superficial punctate) Kertitis is
Surface irriation. Irritation of the cornea caused by a number of things. Most common complaint: dry eye; CL overwear
52
Iris is the
Pigmented muscle that lies between the cornea and the lens of eye; it acts as a disphragm to widen or narrow the opening called the pupil, therby controlling the amount of light that enters the eye
53
Pupil is the
The opening within the iris through which light passes before reaching the lens and brings light into the retina
54
Bulbar Conjunctiva is
Clear membrane covering the outer portion (Sclera) of the eyeball. It protects the eye.- contains blood vessels seen on the white part of eye.
55
Sclera
White part of eye
56
Hyperemia
Red eyes (usually inflammed)
57
Subconjuntional Hemorrhage
Ruptured blood vessel that causes blood to be trapped between sclera and bulbar conjunction
58
Palpebral Conjuntiva
Part of the conjunctiva that forms the underside of the lids
59
Papillae is
Polygonal "Cobblestone" conjuntivial projections with a central network of fine branching vessels (located on the palpebral conjunctive)- Present in patients with allergic conjunctive
60
Crystalline lens
Positioned behind the iris and is transparent and elastic- it refracts light entering the pupil and focuses of the retina.
61
Posterior capsular opacification
Clouding of the normally clear posterior lens capsule after cataract surgery \*Patients need YAG capsulotomy to bust open the capsule to remove haze over vision.
62
Amblyopia
When the visual pathway has been damaged and one eye does not see well due to high Rx or (lazy eye) eye turn
63
Adnexa
The adnexa of the eye are a group of appendages in the eye area that primarily protects the organ.
64
Canalicular stenosis
Canalicular stenosis and obstruction related to punctual plugs is associated with accumulation of debris, including inflammatory reactions resulting in scar formation along with injury to canaliculus by the act of probing itself, prior to plug insertion.
65
Canaliculi
The canaliculi are segments of the tear duct system that connect the puncta to the lacrimal sac and remaining nasalacrimal duct.
66
Constitution
1. the make-up or functional habit of the body, determined by the genetic, biochemical, and physiologic endowment of the individual, and modified in great measure by environmental factors.
67
ENT
Ears, Nose and Throat
68
Neuro
Neurological- affacting or relating to the nervous system.
69
Psychiatric
mental illness, emotional disturbance, and abnormal behavior.
70
cardiovasc
Cardiovascular- heart and blood vessels
71
Respiratory
a system of organs functioning in respiration and consisting especially of the nose, nasal passages, nasopharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs
72
GI
Gastrointestinal
73
GU
Genitourinary- relating to the genital and urinary organs.
74
Musc/skel
Muscolorskeletal
75
Integ
Integumentary- Outler layer of body
76
Endo
Endocrine- deseases associated with hormones
77
Hem/Lymph
Hemotologic/Lymphatic/ Hemotologic= blood. Lymphatic= lymphs
78
Allergy/Imm
Allergic/Immune
79
Patching
Patching is a technique for treating amblyopia (lazy eye). The good eye is covered to encourage the development of the lazy eye. Amblyopia can be caused by unequal refractive errors, crossed eyes, misaligned eyes (strabismus), or other abnormalities
80
Strabismus
Poor eye muscle control
81
Amblyopia
"lazy Eye" Amblyopia is the medical term used when the vision in one of the eyes is reduced because the eye and the brain are not working together properly.
82
Retinal degeneration/ hole/ detatchment
83
Retinal degeneration
deteriation of the retinal cells
84
Keratoconus
Keratoconus is a progressive eye disease in which the normally round cornea thins and begins to bulge into a cone-like shape
85
Nystagmus
Nystagmus is a vision condition in which the eyes make repetitive, uncontrolled movements.
86
Visual Acuity
Test done with TV to get prescription. Aided with glasses. Uncorrected without glasses
87
EOM
"H" test
88
NPC
Near Point Convergence test. test to see how far pt. can see before image gets blurry or splits into two.
89
Cover test
Checking for any abnomral movement. Check near and far.
90
Pupils test
Using light to check pupil response to light. get mm for DIM and BRIGHT.
91
Confronation/Automated
putting numbers to the side. making patient look without moving eyes.
92
How many centimeters in an Inch?
2.54
93
8 inches = about how many cm?
about 20 cm
94
Adnexa
The adnexa of the eye are a group of appendages in the eye area that primarily protects the organ.
95
Canalicular Stenosis
(Adnexa) Punctal stenosis results in a narrowing in the opening of the tear duct system which is referred to as the puncta
96
Xanthelasma
(Adnexa) Xanthelasma is a sharply demarcated yellowish deposit of cholesterol underneath the skin, usually on or around the eyelids.
97
Blepharochalasis
(adnexa) Blepharochalasis is an inflammation of the eyelid that is characterized by exacerbations and remissions of eyelid edema, which results in a stretching and subsequent atrophy of the eyelid tissue, leading to the formation of redundant folds over the lid margins.
98
Dermatochalasis
(Adnexa) Dermatochalasis is a medical condition, defined as an excess of skin in the upper or lower eyelid, also known as "baggy eyes."
99
Papilloma
(Adnexa) A papilloma is a benign epithelial tumor growing exophytically in nipple-like and often finger-like fronds
100
Skin Tag
(Adnexa)
101
Blepharitis Ulcerative
(adnexa) inflammation of glands and lash follicle on lid.
102
Ptosis
(adnexa) Ptosis is a drooping or falling of the upper eyelid.
103
Chemosis
(adnexa) Chemosis is the swelling of the conjunctiva. It is due to the oozing of exudate from abnormally permeable capillaries. In general, chemosis is a nonspecific sign of eye irritation. T
104
Ecchymosis
(adnexa) Raccoon eye sign or blepharohematoma refers to periorbital ecchymosis which is usually due to trauma on the frontal area of the skull, leading to rupture of the veins of anterior cranial fossa.
105
Fist Number on Glasses
Lens Diameter
106
Second Number on Glasses
DBL= distance between lens
107
Third number on glasses
Temple length
108
ectropion
Adnexa
109
Punctal Stenosis
adnexa
110
Squamous Blepharitis
Adnexa
111
Trichiasis
Adnexa
112
Poliosis
Adnexa
113
Madarosis
adnexa
114
Scurfs
Adnexa
115
Hordeolum
adnexa
116
Chalazion
Andexa
117
Meibomiantisis
Adnexa
118
Foreign body
Adnexa
119
Tarsorrhaphy
Adnexa
120
Xanthelasma
Adnexa
121
Blepharochalasis
Adnexa
122
Dermatchalasis
Adnexa
123
Ulcerative Blepharitis
Adnexa
124
SVP
Spontaneous Venous Pulsations
125
Conjunctival Cyst
Bulbar Conj
126
Conjunctival Cyst
Bulbar Conj
127
PCIOL
Posterior chamber Intraocular lens (lens implanted after cataract sugrery)
128
ACIOL
Anterior chamber intraocular lens (lens implanted after cataract surgery)
129
Anterior Polar Cataract
Small white dots in center of anterior lens capsule
130
Papillae
Palp Conj
131
Pinguecula Nasal
Bulb. Conj
132
Myopic prescriptions
(minus or near sighterd) will be thicker at the EDGES than the center.
133
Hyperopic prescription
farsighted or plus Rx will be thicker in the CENTER. thin or rimless frams may not be suitable for these lenses because the edge is the thinnest portion and cannot always be securely fitted into frame.
134
what kind of frame would you use for a high Rx?
plastic so that the lens stay more secure into frame.
135
what kind of frame for bifocal?
a larger lens depth so that they have more room for readign and distance.
136
How should eye sit in frame?
eyes should sit at the horizontal center of the lens and vertically in the top third.
137
How should eyes NOT sit in frame?
too nasally or too temportal
138
why do glasses need to fit right?
1) so that they are not always sliding and falling off your face.
2) eyes need to be centered according to you prescription. lens is either thicker or slimmer in the middle.
to stay in place, your frame needs something to hold onto. too wide, and there will be no grip on your temple; the frame will sit heavy on your nose and leave a mark. If the frame is too wide and you have a lower nose bridge, the frame will constantly slop out of place. Too narrow and the temples will pinch the side of your face and leave painful red marks.
139
Anti glare coatings
coating is applied to back and front of lenses. AR coating makes your lenses nearly invisible so people can focus on your eyes, not distrcting reflections from your eyeglasses.
Clear vision and longer lens live.
fingerprint resistant, increases clarity, scratch resistance and glare resistant.
140
polycarbonate material
thinner and lighter, UV protection, 10x more impact resistant than plastic or glass lenses.
10% thinner than trivex.
great for childeren because they are flexible and durable.
141
Trivex material
10% lighter than poly. thinner and lighter, UV protection, 10x more impact resistance than platic or glass.
142
Follicles
Palp. Conj
143
Papillae
Palp. Conj
144
GPC (Giant papillary conjunctivitis)
Palp. Conj.
145
CLPC (contact lens papillary conjunctivitis)
palp. conj
146
Injection
Palp. Conj injection
147
Foreign Body
Palp. Conj
148
Chemosis
Palp. Conj
149
concretions
150
Trichiasis
151
Scleritis
152
scleral atrophy
sclera
153
Episcleritis (simple or nodular)
Episclera
154
injection bulb conj
155
Foreign Body- superficial (on the surface or shallow. As opposed to deep.)
156
Chemosis
bulbar conj
157
Conjuntival redundancy
158
conjunctival cysts
bulbar conj
159
phlyctenule
bulbar conj
160
subconjunctival hemorrhage
bulb conj
161
Petechial Hemorrage
bulbar conj
162
Laceration
bulb conj
163
ptergium
cornea
164
Epithelial Abrasion
Cornea
165
Epithelial Ulceration
Cornea
166
Epithelial Laceration
Cornea
167
SPK (Super Punctate Keratitis)
168
Epithelial Basement Membrane Dystrophy
cornea
169
LASIK
Cornea
170
DLK (Diffuse lamellar keratitis)
Cornea
171
LASIK debris or Lasik epithelial ingrowth
Cornea
172
LASIK Haze
Cornea
173
PRK (photorefractive keratectomy) (another laser sugery) clear
Cornea
174
PRK Haze
cornea
175
RK (Radial Keratotomy) cut
Cornea
176
Ak (Astigmatic Keratotomy) (eye surgery)
Cornea
177
suberpithelial infitrate
Cornea
178
Neovascularization
Cornea
179
Anterior Stormal Scar
Cornea
180
Arcus Senilis
Cornea
181
Stromal Haze
Cornea
182
Lattice Stormal Dystrophy
Cornea
183
Granular Stormal Dystrophy
184
Macular Stormal Dystrophy
Cornea
185
Band Keratopathy
Cornea
186
Stormal Infiltrate
Cornea
187
Descemets' folds
Cornea
188
Endothelial Guttata
Cornea
189
Endothelial pigmentation
Cornea
190
Endothelial KP
Cornea
191
Bullous Keratopathy
Cornea
192
Keratoconus
Cornea
193
Foreign body
Cornea
194
Scar
cornea
195
Limbal epithelial Hypertrophy
cornea
196
neovascularization
Cornea
197
Cells
a/c (anterior chamber)
198
Flare
A/C (anterior chamber)
199
Hypopyon
Cornea
200
Hyphema
Cornea
201
Anterior Synechiae
A/C anterior chamber
202
Nevus (freckle)
Iris
203
neovascularization
IRis
204
Iridoplegia
Iris
205
Posterior Synechia
Iris
206
Nodules
Iris
207
Plateau
iris
208
Retoillumination
Iris
209
Peripheral Iridetomy
Iris
210
Rubeosis
Iris
211
PCIOL (Posterior Chamber Intraocular Lens)
Lens
212
ACIOL (Anterior chamber intraocular lens)
Lens
213
iris suspended iOl(intra ocular lens)
Lens
214
Posterior Capsule
Lens
215
S/P capsulotomy
lens
216
Anterior Capsule Opacification
Lens
217
cataract- Anterior vacuole, cortical, polar, subcspaular, Sclerosis,
lens
218
posterior synechiae
lens
219
Subluxation
Lens
220
Aphakia
Lens
221
Mittendorf Dot
Lens
222
RPE (retinap pigment epithelium) Dispersion
Macula
223
Drusen
Macula
224
SRNV (subertinal neovascularization)
Macula
225
DME (diabetic macular Edema)
Macula
226
CME (Cystoid macular edema)
Macula
227
Epiretinal Membrane
Macula
228
Macular Gliosis
Macula
229
Macular hole- Pseudo, Partial, or full
Macula
230
Macular Scar
Macula
231
Choroidal Nevus (freckle)
Post-pole
232
Intraretinal Hemorrage
post-pole
233
Preretinal Hemorrage
Post-pole
234
Exudate
Post-pole
235
Cotton Wool Spot
Post-Pole
236
IRMA (Intraretinal Microvascular Abnormality)
Post-Pole
237
BRAO (Branch retinal artery occlusion)
post-pole
238
CRAO (Central retinal artery occlusio)
Post-Pole
239
BRVO ( branch retinal vein occlusion)
Post-pole
240
(CRVO) Central retinal vein occlusion
Post-Pole
241
laser scars
Post-pole
242
POHS (Presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome)
Post-Pole
243
Hole/Break
Periphery
244
Tear
Periphery
245
Detachment
Periphery
246
Retinoblastorna (cancer of the eye)
periphery
247
Choroidal Nevus
Periphery (or Post-pole)
248
Scleral Buckle
Periphery
249
Cryo Scars
Periphery
250
Laser Scar
Periphery (or Post-pole)
251
Retinoschisis
Periphery
252
Congenital Hypertrophy of the Retinal Pigment Epithelium
Periphery
253
Reticular RPE ( Retinal Pigment Epithelium) Hyperplasia
Periphery
254
Pave-Stone-Peripheral
Periphery
255
Lattice Degeneration- Peripheral
Periphery
256
White without pressure
Periphery
257
vitreoretinal tuft
Periphery
258
Operculated Retinal Hole
Periphery
259
Floaters
Vitreous
260
Asteroid Hyalosis
Vitreous
261
Syneresis
Vitreous
262
PVD (posterior vitreous detatchment)
Vitreous
263
Persistent Hyaloid Artery
Vitreous
264
Vitritis
Vitrous
265
Pigment dusting
Vitrous
266
Vitreous Hemorrage
Vitreous
267
Mild non-proliferative
Moderate non-proliferative
Severe non-proliferative
Non-proliferative
Pre-prolierative
Preliferative
Diabetic Ret Grid
268
Steriod
Pred Forte
Lotemax
Alrex
269
Glaucoma Rx
Travatan
latanaprost (la-tana-prost)
simbrinza
cospot
270
Antibiotics
Moxeza (moxifloxacin)
Besivance
271
Allergy Rx
Lastacaft
Zaditor
272
antibiotic and steroid
Tobradex (to=two)
273
A mydriatic drop is used to
dilate the pupil
274
Each eye has how many muscles to assist in ocular excursions
six
275
contact lenses with a high water content contain
55% or greater water content
276
Inflammation of the eyelids is called
conjunctivitis
277
The ability of the eye to focus objects at varying distances is known as
accommodation
278
What is the point of the pinhole test?
the pinhole eliminates the peripheral light rays, so if the decreased vision is due to refractive error, the patient will have improved vision.
279
What is the point of the Amsler Grid?
to document and detect vision changes that affect the central vision field, such as macular degeneration.
280
EOM (Ocular Motality)
this test evaluates the muscles that move the eye in the various directions of gaze. any limitation should be documented for the doctor.
- Horizontally Left
- up and left
- up and right
- Horizontally right
- Down and right
- down
- down and left
281
Confrontation Visual Field
Look at my nose and try to tell me how many fingers I am holding up.
-Test all four quadrants and any restrictions should be listed in the chart.
282
Pupils test
a normal test has both eyes contricting normally when the light is swung from one eye to the other. An abnormal test will show one eye constricting when the light is introduced, and when the light is swung to the other eye, the pupil dilates. This phenomemnon is known as an afferent pupillary defect and should be documented in the patients chart.
283
Who does online referrals instead of faxing
Dr. Swan and Aertker
284
When taking photos, Macula is
Central
285
When taking photoes, Nerve is
Optic disk
286
How to save Photos on Rev
- Create medical order
- 659003 flash
- save
- go back into order and upload
287
Temp sloping
NR Rim
| (neuroretinal rim)
288
glaucomatous undercutting
NR Rim (Neuroretinal Rim)
289
Optic Disk Drusen
NR Rim (Neuroretinal Rim)
290
Optic Atrophy
RN Rim
- a condition that affects the optic nerve, which carries impulses from the eye to the brain
291
Papilledema
RN Rim
-a condition in which increased pressure in or around the brain causes pat of the optic nerve inside the eye to swell
292
Pseudopapilledema
NR Rim
-Disc edema secondary to increased intracranial pressure
293
Distinct 360
Margins
294
Inferior Indistinct
Margins
295
Superior Indistinct
Margins
296
Nasal Indistinct
Margins
297
Tempeoral Indistinct
Margins
298
Peripapillary Atrophy
Margins
299
Choroidal Cresent
Margins
gap in RPE revealing underlying choroid because of oblique insertion of optic nerve and tilting of disk
300
Less than 1/2
A/V ratio
| (Arteriolar-to-venous Ratio)
301
1/2
A/V Ratio
302
2/3
A/V Ratio
303
Greater than 2/3
A/V Ratio
304
For cataract Post Op Exams, you should ask patient
- about drops that they are on
- About the patches
305
For cataract Post Op exams, put in chart:
- look at transition of care and the type
- OD or OS
- Put in operative procedure code
- diagnosis
- Procedure
- Modifier
- Surgery date
- Put referring provider (Ex. Dr. Swan)
306
Full exam, New patient
92004
307
Full exam/ existing patient
92014
308
Exam mainly used with VF (only talking)/ new patient
99202
309
Exam mainly used with VF (only talking)/ existing patient or spec check
99212
310
exam mainly used w/ VF (only talking)/ existing patient
or spec check EXTENSIVE
99213
311
Anterior eval/ new patient
99203
312
Anterior eval existing patient
99213
313
Extensive exam such as dilation/new patient
99204
314
Extensive exam such as dilation/ existing patient
99214
315
VF medicar screener
92081
316
VF extensive
92083
317
Fundus Photos
92250
318
Diabetic Exam if they dont have diabetic retinopathy
3072F
319
Refraction
92015
320
Contact eval
92310
321
self pay
s0620
322
Dispensing glasses (Spec check)
99211
323
Teaching patients to remove contacts:
have them close their eyes and pinch eyelids
have them take out their contacts just like they were pinching their eyelids.
324
Contact lenses covers
tear film (not cornea; it covers cornea and bulbar conj)
325
What area is the bulbar conj?
326
Artificial eyelashes create complications with contact lense. the glue for the eyelashes contain
formaldehyde
Formaldehyde is a colorless, flammable gas at room temperature and has a strong odor. Exposure to formaldehyde may cause adverse health effects.
found in: Resins (sticky) used in the manufacture of composite (compex) wood products (i.e., hardwood plywood, particleboard and medium-density fiberboard)
Building materials and insulation
Household products such as glues, permanent press fabrics, paints and coatings, lacquers and finishes, and paper products
Preservatives used in some medicines, cosmetics and other consumer products such as dishwashing liquids and fabric softeners
Fertilizers and pesticides
It is a byproduct of combustion and certain other natural processes, and so is also found in:
Emissions from un-vented, fuel burning appliances, like gas stoves or kerosene space heaters.
Cigarette smoke.
327
Demodex is thought to be caused by
ped dander. it is a type of mite that lives in the oil glands of human hair follicles
328
You should change mascara every
3 months
329
retinopathy is
bleeding that occurs in the retina
330
What is Yag capsulotomy?
a special laser treatment used to improve your vision after cataract surgery. During cataract operations, the natural lens inside your eye that had become cloudy was removed. A new plastic lens was put inside the lens membrane in your eye. in a small number of patients, the capsule thickens after surgery and become cloudy. This interferes with the ligth reaching the back of your eye. WHen this happens, your sight becomes misty, and you may get glare in bright light or from lights at home
331
When does capsule thickening happen after your cataract operations?
it may happen months after but more comonly two years after surgery. Yag laser capsulotomy is the only ways to treat this. Apart from affecting your vision, the thickening does not damage the eye in any way.
332
How does the Yag procedure go?
you will have some drops put in your eye to dilate and an anaesthetic eye drop to numb the surface of the eye. The Dr. will put a special mirrored lens on your eye before applying the laser beam. This lens allows the doctors to view the membrane clearly so that they can apply the laser and make a small hold in it to clear the vision. The procedure takes about 20 minutes.
333
What doe SLT stand for?
Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty
334
What is the purpose of an SLT?
SLT is used when eye drop medications are not lowering the eye pressure enough or are causing other side effects.
335
How does an SLT work?
laser energy is applied to the drainage tissue in the eye. This starts a chemical and biological change in the tissue that results in better drainage of fluid through the drain and out of the eye. This will eventually lower IOP. It may take 1-3 months for results to appear.
336
How often does an SLT wear off?
SLT is effective at lowering IOP but it wears off after several years.
337
Systemic
relating to a system such as the body.
338
Hemorrhage
an escape of blood from a ruptured blood vessel, especially when profuse (abundant).
339
Ischemic
is a restriction in blood supply to tissues, causing a shortage of oxygen that is needed for cellular metabolism (to keep tissue alive).
340
Carotid
relating to or denoting the two main arteries that carry blood to the head and neck, and their two main branches.
341
a presciption with negative numbers means
- = nearsighted. Meaning you can see near and not far. (Myopia)
342
a prescription with positive numbers means
+ = you are far sighted. You may need reading glasses. (hyperopia)
343
Diplopia means
double vision
344
Intermittent means
occurring at irregular interbals; not continusous/steady
345
Tortuosity means
curved/twisted
346
Presbyopia means
you can't focus upclose
347
gonio means
gonioscope
348
Lattice is a
retina condition in which retinal tissue is abnormally thin and blood vessels have "lattice-like" appearance due to fibrosis
349
Fibrosis
thickening and scaring of connective tissue due to an injury
350
Paving stone
(periphery)
351
Seidel
anterior chamber leakage in cornea
352
Edema
occurs when there is abnormal leakage and accumulation of fluid in the macula from damaged blood vessels in the nearby retina. Macular edema can also occur after eye surgery, in association with age-related macular degeneration, or as a consequence of inflammatory diseases that affect the eye.
353
Hordeolum is
a stye (adnexa)
354
Xiidra
drug indicated for the treatment of signs and symptoms of dry eye, a syndrome called keratoconjunctivitis sicca.
355
Lamina is
nerve fibers that cover the optic nerve
356
357
High myopia (nearsighted) (greater than -6.00), is at risk for
retinal detachment due to enlongated eyes.
358
sugar subsititues like aspartame, stevia, etc. are used to
fatten cattle and works the same for humans; articial sweeterns make beings more hungryand will cause you to crave more sweet foods.
359
An A1c measures
the average blood glucose over the past 2-3 months.
360
Intraocular lens is
lens implanted in the eye to treat cataracts or myopia
361
What is amlodipine medication used for
am-low-di-pine/ used to treat high blood pressure
362
metoclopramide
meh-toe-clow-pra-mide/ can treat gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). It can also treat gastroparesis in patients with diabetes.
363
pioglitazone
pio-glit-ta-zone/ treats diabetes
364
pentoxifylline
pent-oh-siph-o-line/ improves blood flow
365
metformin
treats diabetes
366
warfarin
war-for-in/ prevents blood clots
367
HCTZ
diuretic that helps your body to prevent absorbing salt
368
What is this tool called?
forceps
369
What is this tool called?
Alger brush. used to remove rust
370
What is this tool called?
Curette
371
What is this called?
Cotton tip applicator
372
What is this called?
Surgical Spud
373
What is this called?
Eye Spear
374
paresis
a condition of muscular weakness caused by nerve damage or disease; partial paralysis.
inflammation of the brain in the later stages of syphilis, causing progressive dementia and paralysis.
375
What is normal FBS?
less than 100 mg/dL is nomral.
376
What FBS is considered prediabeties?
100-125 mg/dL
377
What FBS is considered diabetic?
126 mg/dL or higher is considered diabetic.
378
What is a normal A1c?
less than 5.7% is normal
379
What is a prediabetic A1C?
5.7-6.4% means prediabetic
380
what A1C is considered diabetic?
6.5% or greater
381
Alphagon drops treat
glaucoma/ocular hypertension
382
Timolol drops
time-a-lol/ treats glaucoma
383
Restasis drops
treats inflammation
384
Ring Scotoma
visual field defects/ area of blindness
385
What is this/ what is its use?
Retinoscope. Used to observe reflex in pupil to get Rx.
386
medrol drops
med-drol/ used to treat inflammation
387
FML drops
fluorometholone= steriod used to treat swelling
388
Cataract post op drops:
ofloxacin, pred, and prolenza 1st week.
Pred and Prolenza 2nd week.
389
Prolenza drops
anti-inflammatory drops; used to treat swelling after Sx.
390
Prednisolone
steroid used to prevent inflammation.
391
Ofloxacin
treats and prevents pink eye
392
What to ask after cataract post op exams
ask about any new floaters, flashes, or eye pain. Ask about eye drops.
393
For c-40's (medicare screener), whenever starting, press
results OU so that results print on the same page.
394
Hemoglobin electrophoresis is
a blood test that measures different types of proteins called hemoglobin red blood cells
395
RPR test
rapid plasma reagin test- looks for nonspecific antibodies in blood that may indicate syphilis infection
396
VDRL
venereal disease laboratory test. Checks for syphilis
397
FTA-ABS test
blood test that checks for the presence of antibodies to treponema pallidum bacterium
398
ANA test
antinuclear antibody test that helps evaluate a person for autoimmune disorders
399
cryoglobulin test
checks for Lyme disease, mono, hepatitis, HIV
400
ASA is abbreviated for
Aspririn
401
Lacrimal Gland
402
Vitreous Opacities
or vitrius floaters. Sudden appearance of multiple floaters.
403
Limbus
Border of the cornea and sclera
404
Sclera
the white part of the eye
405
filaments
means string-like.
406
mucopurulent
discharge
407
ITP (idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura)
extreme bleading and easy brusing.
408
tourettes
unvolutary twitching
409
ADD vs ADHD
ADD- hyper
ADHD- inability to focus
410
ODD=oppositional defiant disorder
A disorder in a child marked by defiant and disobedient behavior to authority figures.
411
coloboma
A hole in one of the structures of the eye like the iris, retina, choroid, or optic drisk.
412
Abscess
pockets of puss
413
tetravisc drops
eye numbing drops
414
Epilate
to remove hair (lashes) from root
415
filamentary keratitis
multiple filaments on the cornea caused by bacteria and dust particles
416
hollenhorst plaque
cholesterol thats seen in a blood vessel of the retina.
417
Sicca
eye dryness due to poor quality/ reduced tears
418
If patient declines to be dilated, then
put decline in DPA and have them sign form. If they are coming back for DFE, you don't have to.
419
Synechiae
Iris sticking to the cornea
420
Uveitis
inflammation of the middle layer of the eye (uvea)
421
Drusen is
early signs of macular degeneration. yellow/white accumulation
422
Areds Vitamins help with
age related macular degeneration
423
chrpe
retinal pigmentation
424
Benign means
not harmful
425
Ciliary body
the part of the eye that connects the iris to the choroid. It consists of the ciliary muscle
426
neoplasm=
tumor;escessive growth of tissue
427
428
What is the machine that reads glasses?
Lensometer. Measures the back vertex which includes sphere and cyl power.
429
Examination of the inside of the eye is called
opthamoscopy
430
What is the distance from the back surface of the lens to the front?
vertex distance
431
What is the inner portion of the eye that can be see with ophthalmoscopy?
fundus
432
Muscle that turns the eye downward
433
subconjunctival hemorrhage
broken blood vessel between the sclera and conjuctiva
434
Proparicaine is
an anesthetic (prevents pain)
435
The aqueous humor provides
nutrients to lens and posterior cornea
436
What is the light-sensitive part of the eye?
Retina
437
PHI stands for
Protective Health Information
438
Keratotconus is caused when
the cornea thins and bulges forward
439
OD is abbreviated for
oculus dexter (right eye)
440
OS is abbreviated for
oculus sinister (left eye)
441
OU is abbreviated for
oculus uterque (both eyes)
442
Drops used to dilate eyes is called
Cycloplegic drops
443
What provides the major refrective power of the eye?
Cornea
444
PD is abbreviated for
Interpupillary Distance
445
What is between the eyelid and the front of eye?
conjunctiva
446
Retina is
the nerve center of the eye where light is converted into an electrical signal that travels along optic nerve to the brain.
447
Eye anaesthetic drops(pain killer)
Proparicaine, Tetracaine, and Cocaine
448
Eye dilator drops
Tropicamide, Atropine, Scopolomine, Phenylephrine
449
Cycloplegia is
paralysis of the ciliary muscle so accommodation can't occur.
450
Measurement of the curvature of the cornea is called
keratometry
451
the method used to determine a refrection by illuminating the retina with a mirror and observing the direction of movement of retinal illumination and adjacent shadow when mirror is turned
Retinoscopy
452
computer assisted method of mapping the surface curvature of the cornea
Topography
453
OMP stands for
Opthalmic medical personnel
454
HIPAA Stands for
Health Information portability and accountability act
455
Pallor means
unhealthy pale appearance
456
Trigeminal neuralgia is
a chronic pain condition that affects the trigeminal nerve, which carries sensation from your face to your brain. If you have trigeminal neuralgia, even mild stimulation of your face — such as from brushing your teeth or putting on makeup — may trigger a jolt of excruciating pain.
457
Proptosis is
abnormal bulging of the eye
458
Periocular means
Surrounding the eyeball within the normal orbit.
459
Refering to the father's side of the family
paternal (papa)
460
Refering to the mother's side of the family
Maternal
ex: Maternal aunt, Maternal cousin ect.
461
462
Bromsite drops
Nonsteroidal anti-Inflammatory drug
It can treat eye pain and swelling after cataract surgery.
463
Eyeturn when misalignment is always there, evern when both eyes are trying to work together. found with cover-uncover test
Tropia
464
Misaligment that only occurs some times (not always present), such as when you are using the cross-cover test
Phoria
465
Eye appears to be outward. Eye starts out and then moves in
Exotropia (EX: appears exterior)
466
When eye appears in ward and then moves out
esotropia (found using cross-cover test)
467
Restasis is used for
chronic dry eye
468
Meibomianitis
(adnexa) slow growing, inflammatory lump in tear gland of eyelid
469
heme=
hemorrhage
470
Neoplasm
new and abnormal growth of tissue in some parts of the body
471
Cryo
Freezing/ creates a scar that seals the retina against the wall of the eye by placing a cold metal probe against the wall of the eye. Cryotherapy is like glue where as lazer surgery is more like a stapler.
472
POAG
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma
473
WNL
within normal limits
474
Conjunctivitis
Swelling or infection of the membrane lining the eyelids or conjunctiva
475
What are the eye drops used to dilate/ what is their purpose?
1st proparacaine, used to numb the eye
2nd tropicamide, to dilate the pupils
476
Eye anaesthetics (numbers)
Proparicaine, tetracoaine, cocaine
477
Eye dilators
Tropicamide, atropine, and scapolamine
478
mydriatics
drops used to dilate
479
Miotics
constrictors
480
Retinoscopy
How doctors get prescription without paitent speaking
481
Allows the Doctor to see inside the back of the eye
opthalmoscopy
482
binocular vision
vision using two eyes with overlapping fields of view, allowing good perception of depth.
483
entropion eyelid
eyelid is turned inward
484
ingrowth of eyelashes
trichiasis
485
Atopic
denoting (a sign of)a form of allergy
486
denoting means
be a sign of; indicate.
487
Subside definition
become less intense, violent, or severe
488
Begnign neoplasm
abnormal, concancerous growth
489
Pigment layer of eyeball between retina and sclera
choroid
490
conjunctival scissors
491
put (a substance) into something in the form of liquid drops.
instilled
492
Acuvue Oasys (sphere, MF, astig)
2 week CL
1 box= 3 months
2 box= 6 month
3 box = 9 months
4 box= 1 year
493
Avaria Vitality (sphere and Toric)
2 week CL
1 box= 3 months
2 box= 6 month
3 box = 9 months
4 box= 1 year
494
soflens 38
2 week CL
1 box= 3 month
2 box= 6 month
3 box= 9 month
4 box= 12 month
495
Soflens 66 MF
2 week CL
1 box= 3 month
2 box= 6 month
3 box= 9 month
4 box= 12 month
496
Soflens 66 Toric
2 week CL
1 box= 3 month
2 box= 6 month
3 box= 9 month
4 box= 12 month
497
When someone tells you that they have flashes of light, ask
if its flickering flashes or lighting bolts
498
Procedure for comprehensive encounter with CL
Dr. B: likes to see patients with contacts in before having them take them out
Dr. S: only likes to see patients with contacts in if they are Toric CL.
499
Avuvue Vita (sphere, toric)
Montly CL
1 box (6 pack)= 6 month supply
2 Boxes (6 pack)= 1 year supply
500
Air optix asig
Monthly CL
1 box (6 pack)= 6 month supply
2 boxes (6 pack)= 1 year supply
501
Air Optix colors (sphere)
(colors only come in sphere, not toirc)
## Footnote
Monthly CL
1 box (6 pack)= 6 month supply
2 boxes (6 pack)= 1 year supply
502
Air optix hydraglyde (sphere)
Monthly CL
1 box (6 pack)= 6 month supply
2 boxes (6 pack)= 1 year supply
503
Air Optix night and day (sphere)
Monthly CL
1 box (6 pack)= 6 month supply
2 boxes (6 pack)= 1 year supply
504
Air Optix (multifocal)
Monthly CL
1 box (6 pack)= 6 month supply
2 boxes (6 pack)= 1 year supply
505
Biofinity (sphere, toric, MF)
Monthly CL
1 box (6 pack)= 6 month supply
2 boxes (6 pack)= 1 year supply
506
Biofinity energys
used for individuals who are on the computer a lot
## Footnote
Monthly CL
1 box (6 pack)= 6 month supply
2 boxes (6 pack)= 1 year supply
507
Biofinity (Toric, shere) XR
(used for high scripts)
Monthly CL
1 box (6 pack)= 6 month supply
2 boxes (6 pack)= 1 year supply
508
Proclear (sphere, Toric, MF,)/ Proclear XR
Monthly CL
1 box (6 pack)= 6 month supply
2 boxes (6 pack)= 1 year supply
509
Ultra CL/ Ultra for Presbyopia
Monthly CL
1 box (6 pack)= 6 month supply
2 boxes (6 pack)= 1 year supply
510
Acuvue 1-day Moist (sphere, astig, MF)
Daily CL
_90 Pack:_
1 box = 3 month
2 box= 6 month
3 box = 9 month
4 box = 1 year
_30 Pack:_
a box per month per eye
511
Acuvue Oasys 1 day (sphere, toric)
Daily CL
90 Pack:
1 box = 3 month
2 box= 6 month
3 box = 9 month
4 box = 1 year
30 Pack:
a box per month per eye
512
Acuvue Oasys True eue (sphere)
Daily CL
90 Pack:
1 box = 3 month
2 box= 6 month
3 box = 9 month
4 box = 1 year
30 Pack:
a box per month per eye
513
Biotrue (sphere)
Daily CL
90 Pack:
1 box = 3 month
2 box= 6 month
3 box = 9 month
4 box = 1 year
30 Pack:
a box per month per eye
514
Clariti (sphere, toric, mf)
Daily CL
90 Pack:
1 box = 3 month
2 box= 6 month
3 box = 9 month
4 box = 1 year
30 Pack:
a box per month per eye
515
Dailies aqua comfort
Daily CL
90 Pack:
1 box = 3 month
2 box= 6 month
3 box = 9 month
4 box = 1 year
30 Pack:
a box per month per eye
516
Dailies todal 1
Daily CL
90 Pack:
1 box = 3 month
2 box= 6 month
3 box = 9 month
4 box = 1 year
30 Pack:
a box per month per eye
517
Proclear
Daily CL
90 Pack:
1 box = 3 month
2 box= 6 month
3 box = 9 month
4 box = 1 year
30 Pack:
a box per month per eye
518
Soflens daily
Daily CL
90 Pack:
1 box = 3 month
2 box= 6 month
3 box = 9 month
4 box = 1 year
30 Pack:
a box per month per eye
519
BDR is abbreviated for
Background diabetic retinopathy
520
UNG
unguentine (ointment) antiseptic(disinfectant)
521
antiseptic means
disinfectant
522
migraine aura
migraines with dots or flashing lights, wavy or jagged lines, blind spots, or tunnel vision
523
NFL means
Nerve fiber layer
524
intractable means
hard to control/ deal with
525
vascular means
affecting blood vessels
526
PPM means
persistent pupillary membrane
527
lisinopril
high blood pressure medication
528
escitalopram (lexipro) medication
es-sit-tal-o-pram/ treats depression
529
RNFL
retinal nerve fiber layer
530
Monotheramy
combonation therapy using different drugs
531
Antihistamines are used to treat
allergies
532
doxycycline
doxy-cy-klin/ Antibiotic: kills certain bacteria or stops growth
pill by mouth
533
antibiotics are used for
fighting bacterial infections. inhibits the growth of or destroys microorganisms.
534
Cellulitis
serious bacterial skin infection
535
Pazeo
Pay-zeo- Anthistamine (treats allergies). Can treat pink eye
536
sertraline medication
sir-tra-lean/ treats depression and OCD
537
dicyclomine medcation
die-cy-cla-mean/ treats IBS
538
Omeprazole
ohm-ep-pra-zole/ It can treat heartburn, a damaged esophagus, stomach ulcers, and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
539
simvastatin
sim-va-stat-in/ treats high cholesterol
540
ciprofloxacin medication
cip-ro-flox-a-sin/ Antibiotic (kills bacteria/ treats infections)
541
ferrous fumarate
fair-ei-ous- fume-ar-ate/ iron supplement
542
panretinal photocoagulation
therapy for retinal ischemic disease. The procedure involves creating thermal burns in the peripheral retina leading to tissue coagulation, the overall consequence of which is improved retinal oxygenation.
543
fluticasone nasal spray
flu-tick-a-zone/ steriod treat pain, itching, and swelling caused by many skin diseases when applied topically. It can also prevent asthma attacks when inhaled.
544
Steriod use
Steroids work by decreasing inflammation and reducing the activity of the immune system. They are used to treat a variety of inflammatory diseases and conditions.
545
glipizide medication
glip-i-zide/ treats diabetes
546
desmopressin
des-moe-pra-sin/ treats diabetes
547
quetiapine
coo-tie-a-pean/ treat schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and depression.
548
mycophenolate medication
my-koe-fin-a-late/ prevents organ rejection
549
rosuvastatin medications
roe-suv-a-statin/ treats high cholestoral
550
duloxetine
due-locks-a-tine/ treats depression and anxiety
551
doxazosin
dox-a-zoe-sin/ treats urinary problems
552
furosemide
fure-o-si-mide/ treats fluid retention
553
tacrolimus
tack-roe-lim-us/ prevents organ rejections
554
the way the Dr. gets eye pressures without machine
Tactile (touch)
555
Two blood pressure names
_systolic_
diastolic
556
Medrol use
steriod- treats inflammation
557
maxitrol drops
steriod(prevents inflammation) and antibiotic (kills bacteria to treat infection)
558
Azelastine drops
as-a-last-tine/ antihistamine (treats allergies)
559
Tobramycin
Antibiotic (kills bacteria/treats infection)
560
triamcinolone
tri-am-sin-a-lone/ cream that treats skin conditions
561
hydroxyzine
hi-droxy-zean/ antihistamine (prevents allergy) that treats anziety and depression
562
hydroxyurea
hi-drox-e-your-e-ah/ treats sickle cell anemia/ cancer
563
microgestin medication
birth control
564
clopidogrel
clow-pid-oh-grel/ prevents stroke
565
omeprazole
ohm-ep-pra-zole/ treats heartburn
566
ventolin
ven-tol-lin/ It can treat or prevent bronchospasm
567
when two images are not focused on one point but rather two
astigmatism
568
emmetropia
when accomodation is relaxed and images are focused directly on retina. These patients will not need glasses
569
Ametropia
when a refractive error is present
570
what is the point of a prism?
changes the direction of light (for patients seeing double)
571
What are the different prism bases?
- Base up
- Base down
- Base in
- Base out
572
Psoriasis
A condition in which skin cells build up and form scales and itchy, dry patches.
573
Dermatitis
AKA eczema/ itching skin
574
Chemosis is
swelling of the conjunctiva. its a sign of eye irritation
575
Fovea centralis
area of the macula thats the sharpest and used for day time color
576
Apex
the point of a prism
577
What is this tool called?
Binocular Indirect Opthalmoscope
instrument worm on examiners head to view the back of eye
578
When patient was seen by a doctor.
Patient was examined by Dr.
579
crestor
rosuvastatin- for high cholesteral
580
deferred
to put off until later
581
contraindicated
(of a condition or circumstance) suggest or indicate that (a particular technique or drug) should not be used in the case in question.
contraindicated dilated
582
myelinated
process of forming a myelin sheath around a nerve to allow nerve impulses to move more quickly
583
arcade
structures of blood vessels taking the form of arches
584
when doctor says pigmentation, it will be
RPE dispersion
585
drusen is
macular degeneration
586
can not do flat top with transitions and poly, material has to be
plastic
587
Olopatadine drops
Antihistamine
It can treat eye itching caused by pink eye (allergic conjunctivitis)
oh-low-pat-a-dean
588
prolenza drops
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
589
gemfibrozil
gem-fib-ra-zeal
for cholesteral
590
paroxetine
per-ox-a-tean- treats depression
591
renvela
for kidneys
592
Hydralazine
hi-dry-la-zean treats hight blood pressure
593
