1
Q
What is the main objective of the Military Mobility Package announced in November 2025?
A
Creating an EU Military Mobility Area by 2027 - a step towards a ‘Military Schengen’.
2
Q
What are the three key actions of the Military Mobility Package for removing regulatory barriers?
A
- Clear process for cross border movements in max. 3 working days. 2. One single permission procedure for all 27 Member States. 3. Streamlined customs formalities and military transport rules.
3
Q
What is the purpose of the EMERS emergency framework under the Military Mobility Package?
A
To handle significant increases in military movements needed via fast-track procedures priority access to infrastructure, and a simplified notification-based system (no more permissions).ed via fast-track procedures
4
Q
What three elements are included in the ‘Pooling and sharing capabilities’ part of the Military Mobility Package?
A
- Military Solidarity Pool for shared transport and logistics capabilities. 2. European Competitiveness fund (2028-2034). 3. A single Military Mobility Digital Information System.
5
Q
How will governance and coordination for military mobility be strengthened?
A
By creating National Coordinators for Military Transport, enhancing the Trans-European Transport Network (TEN-T) Committee, and establishing a Military Mobility Transport Group.
6
Q
What is the Pact for the Mediterranean?
A
An ambitious strategic framework which aims to enhance cooperation and deepen strategic relations between the EU and Southern Mediterranean partners.
7
Q
What is the long-term ambition of the Pact for the Mediterranean?
A
To create a Common Mediterranean Space that is more connected integrated, prosperous, resilient and secure.
8
Q
What are the three key pillars of the Pact for the Mediterranean?
A
- People: driving force for change, connections and innovations. 2. Stronger, more sustainable and integrated economies. 3. Security, preparedness, and migration management.
9
Q
What initiatives are proposed under Pillar 1 (People) of the Pact for the Mediterranean?
A
Establish a Mediterranean University and a Youth Parliamentary Assembly; strengthen education and skills; expand TVET opportunities; promote sustainable tourism while protecting cultural and natural heritage.
10
Q
What initiatives are proposed under Pillar 2 (Economies) of the Pact for the Mediterranean?
A
Build deeper trade relations; foster clean transition; boost local businesses via a Regional Startup Support System; invest in renewable energy through the Trans-Mediterranean Renewable Energy and Clean Tech Initiative (T-MED); provide sustainable transport and digital infrastructure.
11
Q
What initiatives are proposed under Pillar 3 (Security) of the Pact for the Mediterranean?
A
Enhance cooperation on peace and security via an EU-Med Peace and Security Initiative; strengthen preparedness for natural disasters and health crises; manage migration in a fair way; step up legal pathways for labour migration and talent partnerships.
12
Q
When was the Pact for the Mediterranean officially launched?
A
On 28 November 2025, on the occasion of the 30th anniversary of the Barcelona Declaration.
13
Q
What is the next step for the Pact for the Mediterranean after its launch?
A
An Action Plan will be developed by March 2026 to specify the participating countries and stakeholders for each initiative and support monitoring.
14
Q
What is the total amount of financial and budget support and humanitarian assistance the EU has provided to Ukraine (as of the factsheet)?
A
Over 78.4 billion.
15
Q
What are the ‘Solidarity Lanes’ and what have they achieved?
A
They are routes that have facilitated the export of 183 million tonnes of goods from Ukraine and the import of around 76 million tonnes.
16
Q
What is the Ukraine Facility and what is its purpose?
A
It provides up to 50 billion to provide predictable and flexible support to Ukraine for the period 2024-2027.
17
Q
How much Macro-Financial Assistance is planned for Ukraine in 2025?
A
Up to 18.1 billion.
18
Q
How many sanctions packages has the EU adopted against Russia?
A
16 sanctions packages.
19
Q
How many individuals and entities have been sanctioned by the EU?
A
Over 2,300 individuals and entities.
20
Q
What is the total value of Russian Central Bank assets immobilised in the EU?
A
Over 210 billion.
21
Q
How many people fleeing the war in Ukraine have received temporary protection in the EU?
A
More than 4 million.
22
Q
How much military assistance has been provided to Ukraine under the European Peace Facility and by Member States?
A
59.6 billion.
23
Q
How much has been generated from immobilised Russian assets to support Ukraine?
A
3.6 billion.
24
Q
What is the goal of the EU’s International Digital Strategy regarding partnerships?
A
To expand international partnerships with countries and companies globally showing interest in digital cooperation with the EU.
25
What is the purpose of deploying the 'EU Tech Business Offer'?
A public-private effort to expand Europe's global tech footprint through tailor-made packages managed by a Team Europe approach.
26
What is the third pillar of the International Digital Strategy regarding global governance?
To strengthen global digital governance by promoting a rules-based order advancing EU interests in setting standards, ensuring internet governance evolves, and protecting the global availability and integrity of the Internet.
27
What was the value of EU trade in digital services in 2024?
3 trillion.
28
What is the length of the MEDUSA submarine cable across the Mediterranean?
7100 km.
29
On what date did the EU and Mercosur conclude negotiations for a trade agreement?
29 June 2019.
30
On what date did the EU and Mercosur agree on new sustainability commitments?
6 December 2024.
31
What are the key benefits of the EU-Mercosur agreement?
Boosting trade, securing supply chains, and fighting climate change.
32
What is the total population of the Mercosur countries?
270 million people.
33
What is the annual GDP of the Mercosur bloc?
2.7 trillion.
34
How many EU jobs are supported by exports to Mercosur?
756,000 EU jobs.
35
How much will EU exporters save in customs duties per year thanks to the agreement?
Over 4 billion euros.
36
What does the agreement say about EU food safety standards?
Any product entering the EU market must comply with the EU's stringent food safety standards; the agreement does not change that.
37
How many EU Geographical Indications (GIs) are protected in the agreement?
More than 340 the greatest number ever protected in an EU agreement.
38
What is the purpose of the NDICI - 'Global Europe' instrument?
It is the EU's main financing tool to contribute to eradicating poverty and promoting sustainable development prosperity, peace and stability for 2021-2027.
39
What is the total budget for NDICI-Global Europe (2021-2027)?
79.46 billion (in current prices) a 12% increase from the previous period.
40
What are the three main pillars of NDICI-Global Europe?
1. The Geographic Pillar (€60.39 bn). 2. The Thematic Pillar (€6.36 bn). 3. The Rapid-Response Pillar (€3.18 bn).
41
What is the fire-power of the investment framework (EFSD+ and External Action Guarantee) under NDICI?
53.45 billion.
42
What are the cross-cutting priorities with spending targets in NDICI?
At least 20% for human development, 30% for climate change, indicatively 10% for migration, and at least 85% of actions with gender equality as a principal or significant objective.
43
When was the Eastern Partnership (EaP) launched?
2009
44
What is the overriding policy framework for the Eastern Partnership beyond 2020?
Strengthening resilience.
45
What are the five key policy objectives of the Eastern Partnership for the future?
A Partnership that CREATES, PROTECTS, GREENS, CONNECTS, and EMPOWERS.
46
What is the aim of the 'Partnership that CREATES' in the EaP?
To create decent jobs and economic opportunities , ensuring prosperity for people in the partner countries.
47
What is the aim of the 'Partnership that PROTECTS' in the EaP?
To strengthen accountable institutions , the rule of law, security, and fight against organised crime and corruption.
48
What is the aim of the 'Partnership that GREENS' in the EaP?
To work towards a resilient and sustainable future by modernising economies , reducing carbon footprint, and developing green jobs.
49
What is the aim of the 'Partnership that CONNECTS' in the EaP?
To invest in the digital transformation of partner countries and extend the benefits of the Digital Single Market.
50
What is the aim of the 'Partnership that EMPOWERS' in the EaP?
To work towards resilient fair and inclusive societies by involving citizens in decision-making and supporting civil society.
51
When was the EU-US Trade and Technology Council (TTC) established?
15 June 2021 at the EU-US Summit in Brussels.
52
What is the main purpose of the EU-US Trade and Technology Council (TTC)?
To coordinate approaches to key global trade economic, and technology issues and to deepen transatlantic relations based on shared values.
53
How many working groups were created under the TTC?
Ten.
54
What was a key deliverable of the inaugural TTC Ministerial in Pittsburgh (Sept 2021)?
Joint principles on AI, semiconductors, investment screening and export controls.
55
What was agreed at the second TTC Ministerial in Paris-Saclay (May 2022)?
Restrictive measures and export controls against Russia after its invasion of Ukraine.
56
What was initiated at the fourth TTC Ministerial in Lulea (May 2023)?
A G7 AI code of conduct.
57
What was established at the fifth TTC Ministerial in Washington D.C. (Jan 2024)?
A semiconductors supply chain early warning mechanism.
58
What was agreed at the sixth TTC Ministerial in Leuven (April 2024)?
A dialogue between the EU AI Office and the US AI Safety Institute and a common vision for 6G.
59
What is one of the key achievements of the TTC regarding secure connectivity?
Launching successful secure connectivity packages with trusted vendors in Kenya, Jamaica, Costa Rica, and the Philippines.
60
In what year did the EU announce a landmark Growth Plan for the Western Balkans?
2023
61
What is the total value of the Reform and Growth Facility for the Western Balkans?
€6 billion.
62
What pre-condition applies to Serbia and Kosovo under the Growth Plan?
They must engage constructively in the normalisation of their relations.
63
What is the EU's role in Serbia's economy?
The EU is Serbia's largest trade partner, largest investor, and largest provider of financial assistance.
64
How much has the EU mobilised in investments for Serbia since 2020 under the Economic & Investment Plan (EIP)?
€6.2 billion in investments thanks to €1.4 billion in EU grants.
65
How much railway is being upgraded in Serbia with EU support?
Over 600 km.
66
What is the EU's role in North Macedonia's economy?
The EU is North Macedonia's largest trade partner, largest investor, and largest provider of financial assistance.
67
How much has the EU mobilised in investments for North Macedonia since 2020 under the EIP?
€1.7 billion in investments thanks to €594 million in EU grants.
68
What is the main infrastructure project mentioned for North Macedonia?
The rehabilitation of a 34 km railway line between Beljakovce and Kriva Palanka on Rail Corridor VIII.
69
What is the EU's role in Montenegro's economy?
The EU is Montenegro's largest trade partner, largest investor, and largest provider of financial assistance.
70
How much has the EU mobilised in investments for Montenegro since 2020 under the EIP?
€1.3 billion in investments thanks to over €394 million in EU grants.
71
What are some of the achievements with EU support in Montenegro?
Rehabilitation of 168 km of railway, upgraded 230 km of electricity transmission lines, improved water services for 400,000 people, and broadband access for 71,900 people.
72
What is the status of Kosovo's EU membership application?
Kosovo is a potential candidate. It submitted its application for EU membership in December 2022.
73
When did Kosovars start benefiting from visa-free travel to the EU?
1 January 2024.
74
What is the EU's role in Kosovo's economy?
The EU is Kosovo's largest trade partner, largest investor, and largest provider of financial assistance.
75
How much has the EU mobilised in investments for Kosovo since 2020 under the EIP?
€893 million in investments thanks to €303 million in EU grants.
76
What is the status of Bosnia and Herzegovina's EU membership application?
It is an EU candidate country since 2022.
77
What is the EU's role in Bosnia and Herzegovina's economy?
The EU is Bosnia and Herzegovina's largest trade partner, largest investor, and largest provider of financial assistance.
78
How much has the EU mobilised in investments for Bosnia and Herzegovina since 2020 under the EIP?
€2.9 billion in investments thanks to €1 billion in EU grants.
79
What is the main transport infrastructure project mentioned for Bosnia and Herzegovina?
Constructing 212 km of new motorways along Corridor Vc.
80
What is the status of Albania's EU membership application?
It is an EU candidate country since 2014. Accession negotiations were opened in July 2022.
81
What is the EU's role in Albania's economy?
The EU is Albania's largest trade partner, largest investor, and largest provider of financial assistance.
82
How much has the EU mobilised in investments for Albania since 2020 under the EIP?
€1.4 billion in investments thanks to €600 million in EU grants.
83
What are some of the achievements with EU support in Albania?
713 MW renewable energy capacity installed, 185 km of railways rehabilitated, and 627 schools equipped with smart labs.
84
What is the Roadmap for Women's Rights 2025?
A Commission commitment to work towards a gender-equal society building on the 2020-2025 Gender Equality Strategy.
85
What are the four key principles outlined in the Roadmap for Women's Rights?
1. Equal opportunities and access to training. 2. Highest standards of health. 3. Work-life balance and care. 4. Strong institutions for gender equality.
86
What is the timeframe for the new LGBTIQ+ equality strategy?
2026-2030.
87
What are the three pillars of the new LGBTIQ+ equality strategy?
Protect, Empower, and Engage.
88
How many Member States have adopted national LGBTIQ+ strategies or action plans since the previous EU strategy?
13
89
How much EU funding has been allocated to LGBTIQ+ projects through the CERV programme since 2021?
31 million.
90
What is the 'European Rule of Law Mechanism'?
A yearly cycle with an annual rule of law report at its centre promoting the rule of law in all Member States through dialogue and prevention.
91
What is the role of the European Commission regarding the rule of law?
The Commission is responsible for guaranteeing the respect of the rule of law as a fundamental value and for making sure that EU law values and principles are respected.
92
What are the two main tools for promoting the rule of law and preventing problems?
The Annual Rule of Law Cycle, and the EU Justice Scoreboard.
93
What are the main tools for responding to rule of law issues?
Infringements, Article 7 TEU, the Rule of Law Framework, the General Conditionality Mechanism, and the Horizontal Enabling Condition on the Charter of Fundamental Rights.
94
What is the purpose of the Recommendation on the Safety of Journalists (Sept 2021)?
To ensure safer working conditions for all media professionals free from fear and intimidation, whether online or offline.
95
What percentage of female journalists experienced online violence?
73%
96
How many journalists and media workers were attacked in 23 Member States in 2020?
908
97
How much funding from Creative Europe is being invested in media freedom and pluralism?
75 million.
98
What does SLAPP stand for?
Strategic Lawsuit Against Public Participation.
99
What is the aim of the EU's anti-SLAPP law proposal (April 2022)?
To improve protection of journalists and human rights defenders from abusive court proceedings in cross-border cases.
100
What three key safeguards are included in the proposed anti-SLAPP Directive?
Early dismissal of manifestly unfounded proceedings, full compensation to victims, and protection against third-country judgments.
101
What does the 2020 Demography Report highlight about Europe's working-age population?
It is shrinking, and we need to find ways to sustain economic growth by bringing more people into jobs and increasing productivity.
102
What share of the world's population will Europe account for by 2070?
Just about 4%.
103
When did the Conference on the Future of Europe conclude its work?
On 9 May 2022.
104
How many proposals did the Conference on the Future of Europe put forward?
49 proposals.
105
How many participants were there on the Conference's multilingual digital platform?
52,346 participants.
106
How many recommendations came from the four European Citizens' Panels?
178 recommendations.
107
What is the title of the first-ever EU strategy on combating antisemitism (2021)?
'EU Strategy on Combating Antisemitism and Fostering Jewish Life (2021-2030)'.
108
What percentage of European Jews consider antisemitism to be a serious problem?
85%
109
What percentage of young European Jews have experienced antisemitic harassment?
44%
110
What is the aim of the new 'Green Architecture' in the future CAP?
To give Member States support, flexibility, and responsibility to be ambitious in designing environmental and climate schemes.
111
What are the four main components of the CAP's Green Architecture?
1. Enhanced conditionality. 2. Eco-schemes. 3. Agri-environment-climate measures and investments. 4. Farm Advisory Service.
112
What is the goal of enhanced conditionality under the CAP?
It links EU-funded income support to environment- and climate-friendly farming practices and standards.
113
What is the purpose of the new CAP 'Eco-schemes'?
They will unlock new funding and additional incentives for climate- and environment-friendly farming practices.
114
According to the 'EU Green Deal: benefits for farmers' factsheet how will farmers benefit from higher returns?
Sustainable business models, labelling schemes and marketing standards will link production methods to premium consumer demand.
115
According to the 'EU Green Deal: benefits for farmers' factsheet how will farmers benefit from lower costs?
Advances in innovation, technology and digital solutions (precision farming) will lead to higher productivity and reduced inputs thereby lowering costs.
116
What is the key statistic about global GDP and nature?
More than half of global GDP - some 40 trillion - depends on nature.
117
How much could conserving marine stocks increase annual profits of the seafood industry?
By more than 49 billion.
118
What is the estimated annual value of the benefits of the EU Natura 2000 network?
Between 200-300 billion per year.
119
How many direct jobs are supported by the Natura 2000 network?
104,000 direct jobs in protected areas management and conservation.
120
What event demonstrated the resilience of the EU's food sector according to the factsheet?
The major COVID health crisis.
121
What mechanism was set up to enhance preparedness for food supply crises?
The European Food Security Crisis preparedness and response Mechanism (EFSCM).
122
What principles should guide the EU in times of crisis to ensure food supply?
Enhancing collaboration, considering interdependencies, keeping international and domestic flows open, providing reliable communication, and monitoring information exchanges.
123
What is the purpose of the comparison table on the Farm to Fork and Biodiversity Strategies?
To provide an overview of the elements taken into account by various studies analysing the possible effects of the strategies.
124
By what percentage did pesticides sales decline in the EU between 2011 and 2019?
7%
125
What is the target for nutrient losses and fertiliser use by 2030 under the Green Deal?
Nutrient losses: <50%; fertiliser use: <20%.
126
What is the target for land under organic farming by 2030?
25% of UAA (Utilised Agricultural Area).
127
What is the target for pesticide use and risk by 2030?
<50%.
128
What is the target for antimicrobials in farming by 2030?
<50%.
129
What is the 'no backsliding' clause in the new CAP?
Member States will be required to "aim higher" with regard to the environment and climate in the way they use CAP funds as compared to the previous policy period.
130
What is the new obligation for farmers regarding wetlands and peatlands under enhanced conditionality?
To protect wetlands and peatlands as of 2025 at the latest.
131
What is the new mandatory minimum percentage of arable land to be devoted to non-productive features and areas?
In principle at least 4% with a sub-target of 3% for non-productive features.
132
What is the minimum budget Member States must plan to spend on eco-schemes?
At least 25% of their direct payments budget.
133
What is the minimum percentage of rural development budgets Member States must spend on environment climate and animal welfare?
At least 35%.
134
What is the new mandatory minimum percentage of direct payments to be dedicated to the redistributive income support tool?
At least 10%.
135
By when must all basic income support payments within a Member State have a per-hectare value of at least 85% of the national average?
By 2026.
136
What is 'social conditionality' in the new CAP?
For the first time receiving CAP income support will be linked to farmers' respect of basic social and labour rights of farm workers, as enshrined in EU laws.
137
What is the new mandatory minimum percentage of direct payments budget to be dedicated to supporting young farmers?
At least 3%.
138
When was the EU Maritime Security Strategy updated?
2023
139
What is one of the strategic objectives of the EU Maritime Security Strategy regarding activities at sea?
Organising an annual naval exercise at EU level and reinforcing existing EU naval operations.
140
What is one of the strategic objectives regarding cooperation with partners?
Deepening EU-NATO cooperation and enhancing partnerships with like-minded countries.
141
What is one of the strategic objectives regarding capabilities?
Developing common requirements and concepts for defence technologies in the maritime domain.
142
What is the objective for protecting EU's seas under the Biodiversity Strategy?
Protecting 30% of the EU's seas with 10% being strictly protected by 2030.
143
What is the objective regarding mobile bottom fishing in Marine Protected Areas (MPAs)?
To phase out mobile bottom fishing in all MPAs by 2030 to reduce impact on the seabed.
144
What is the 'Fisheries and Oceans Pact'?
A pact to fully implement the common fisheries policy and work on a common vision for the future together with all stakeholders.
145
What is an EU Quality Scheme for agricultural products and foodstuffs?
A scheme that protects product names from misuse and imitation and helps consumers by giving them information concerning the specific character of the products.
146
What does PDO stand for and what does it mean?
Protected Designation of Origin. It covers products which are produced
147
What does PGI stand for and what does it mean?
Protected Geographical Indication. It covers products closely linked to the geographical area where at least one stage of production
148
What percentage of the EU's agricultural area was organic in 2022?
10.5%.
149
What is the EU's target for organic farming by 2030 under the Green Deal?
25%
150
How much did retail sales of organic products grow between 2012 and 2022?
They more than doubled from 9.4 million hectares to 16.9 million hectares.
151
What is the Vision for Agriculture and Food's goal regarding farmers' position in the market?
Helping farmers get a better return from the market by ensuring a fair functioning food chain.
152
What is the 'Unity Safety Net' proposed in the Vision for Agriculture and Food?
A mechanism to protect the agri-food sector in the face of global challenges.
153
What is the 'On-Farm Sustainability Compass'?
A tool to help farmers measure and improve their sustainability performance.
154
What is the European Ocean Pact?
It brings together EU ocean policies into a unified framework to better protect the ocean promote a thriving blue economy and support the well-being of people in coastal areas.
155
How many jobs in the EU are linked to the blue economy?
5 million.
156
What percentage of the EU's external trade is done by maritime transport?
74%
157
What is one of the six strategic objectives of the Ocean Pact regarding a healthy ocean?
Evaluation and revision of the Maritime Spatial Planning directive and designation of marine protected areas.
158
What is the EU's proposed climate target for 2040?
To reduce net greenhouse gas emissions by 90% compared to 1990 levels.
159
What new flexibility is proposed to reach the 2040 target?
A limited use of high quality international carbon credits starting from 2036 and greater flexibilities across policy sectors.
160
What is a Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC)?
International climate action plans that countries develop outlining their commitments to reduce GHG emissions and adapt to climate change impacts.
161
How many interventions are planned in the 28 CAP Strategic Plans for 2023-2027?
2,500 interventions.
162
What percentage of the EU's agricultural area is subject to sustainable practices under the new CAP?
90%
163
How much is allocated to eco-schemes in the CAP Strategic Plans?
44.7 billion.
164
What percentage of the EU population lives in rural areas?
30%
165
What is the European Affordable Housing Plan's goal regarding cutting red tape?
A new housing simplification package will reduce administrative burden , accelerate permitting and renovation, and improve cost efficiency.
166
What is the new Pan-European Investment Platform for housing?
A platform created in cooperation with the EIB to mobilise additional public and private investment for housing.
167
How much investment has the EU mobilised in social affordable and sustainable housing under the current MFF?
More than 43 billion.
168
What is the European Skills Guarantee?
A new tool to support workers in sectors undergoing transition to move into companies in growing and strategic sectors who will offer them new jobs and on-the-job training.
169
What is the pilot budget for the European Skills Guarantee?
14.5 million under the European Social Fund Plus.
170
What is the Quality Jobs Roadmap's main aim?
To improve job quality and create future-proof jobs across Europe , focusing on fair working conditions, supporting transitions, and strengthening social dialogue.
171
What is the proposed end result of the Quality Jobs Roadmap?
An EU law proposal for a Quality Jobs Act by the end of 2026.
172
What are the four focus areas of the 2030 Consumer Agenda?
1. An Action Plan for consumers in the Single Market. 2. Digital fairness and consumer protection online. 3. Stronger enforcement. 4. Sustainable consumption.
173
What is the Digital Fairness Act?
A proposed law to ensure a fair digital environment for consumers with clear , simple and effectively enforced rules.
174
When was the New European Bauhaus (NEB) launched?
2020 by Commission President von der Leyen.
175
How many members are in the NEB Community?
Nearly 2000 members.
176
What is the total EU funding from 9 programmes for the NEB under the current budget?
EUR 1.4 billion.
177
What is the objective of the Action Plan for Affordable Energy?
To lower energy costs , complete the Energy Union, attract investments and be ready for potential energy crises.
178
How many Europeans are affected by energy poverty?
More than 46 million.
179
What benefits could a fully integrated energy market bring by 2030?
Up to 40 billion per year.
180
What are the goals of the Union of Skills?
To empower people by enhancing skills , enhance companies' competitiveness, and make skills portable across the EU.
181
What is the proposed EU Talent Pool?
A tool to facilitate targeted recruitment of non-EU skilled professionals to address critical shortages.
182
How much is the EU investing to support education and skills?
Over €150 billion.
183
What is the timeframe for the first LGBTIQ Equality Strategy?
2020-2025.
184
What percentage of EU citizens believed LGB people should have equal rights in 2019?
76%
185
What percentage of LGBT people felt discriminated against in 2019?
43%
186
What are the three core areas of the European Pillar of Social Rights?
Equal opportunities and access to the labour market fair working conditions, and social protection and inclusion.
187
How many initiatives has the Commission put forward to implement the European Pillar of Social Rights?
More than 130.
188
What is the aim of the proposed Directive on Platform Work?
To ensure that people working through digital labour platforms have the correct employment status and benefit from appropriate labour rights.
189
How many people in the EU work through digital labour platforms?
More than 28 million.
190
How many platform workers may be at risk of misclassification?
5.5 million.
191
What is an Individual Learning Account?
A digital wallet with training entitlements provided by Member States to adults of working age to spend on quality-assured training.
192
What are micro-credentials?
The record a person receives once they complete a small learning experience (e.g. , a short course) that certifies what knowledge, skill or competence they have acquired.
193
What is the vision of the EU Soil Strategy for 2050?
All EU soil ecosystems are healthy and more resilient, with no further land take and soil pollution reduced to levels no longer harmful to people's health or ecosystems.
194
What percentage of the food we eat depends on soil?
95%
195
What is the estimated annual cost of soil degradation in the EU?
Around €38 billion per year in lost ecosystem services.
196
How much does erosion alone cost European farmers per year?
€1.25 billion per year.
197
What is the target for cutting emissions in the EU ETS by 2030?
61% compared to 2005 levels.
198
What is the new Social Climate Fund and what is its budget?
It will provide €72.2 billion for the period 2025-2032 to support citizens most exposed to energy or mobility poverty.
199
What is the Innovation Fund and how is it being boosted?
It is financed by allowances auctioned under the EU ETS. The new proposal represents a doubling of the fund.
200
What is the Modernisation Fund and how is it being boosted?
It is financed by allowances auctioned under the EU ETS to support 11 lower-income Member States. The new proposal adds an extra 2.5% of total allowances.
201
What is the purpose of the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM)?
To put a carbon price on imports of a targeted selection of products to ensure ambitious climate action in Europe does not lead to 'carbon leakage'.
202
What is the new binding target for Member States to increase renewables in heating and cooling?
1.1 percentage points per year.
203
What is the new binding target for the renovation of public buildings?
EU countries must renovate at least 3% of all public buildings per year.
204
How many new electric vehicles were sold in Europe in 2020?
1 million tripling the market compared to 2019.
205
What are the main barriers to a faster defence industry transformation that the Roadmap aims to break?
Improve access to finance (with a €1bn Fund-of-Fund), speed up time-to-market, make it easier for new entrants to access contracts, and boost skills.
206
What is the aim of the new EU Drugs Strategy and Action Plan?
To protect citizens and communities while dismantling criminal networks involved in drug trafficking.
207
How many tonnes of cocaine were seized in the EU in 2023?
419 tonnes.
208
How many synthetic drug labs are dismantled in the EU every year?
500
209
Over what percentage of the most threatening criminal networks are involved in drug trafficking?
Over 50%.
210
What is the main objective of the European Asylum and Migration Management Strategy (Jan 2026)?
To develop a migration and asylum policy that is fair and firm , manages migration effectively with partners, and remains true to European values.
211
What are the three main objectives of the strategy?
Prevent illegal migration and break criminal smuggling; protect people fleeing war and persecution; encourage talent to come to the EU to boost competitiveness.
212
What is the proposed budget for home affairs under the next MFF?
EUR 81 billion.
213
What is the first-ever EU Visa Strategy (2026) designed to make Europe?
Safer, more prosperous and competitive, more influential globally, and more efficient.
214
How many short-stay visas were issued in 2025?
10.5 million.
215
How many permits for researchers and students were issued in the EU in 2024?
475,000
216
What is 'ProtectEU'?
A new European Internal Security Strategy adopted in April 2025.
217
What are the three principles of the new internal security governance?
Whole-of-society approach, mainstreaming security across all EU initiatives, and boosting security investments.
218
What is the renewed Schengen Information System (SIS) used for?
To share information for law enforcement , border and migration management, containing alerts on wanted or missing persons and objects.
219
What new biometrics are included in the new SIS?
Palm prints, fingermarks, palm marks, and DNA records.
220
What are 'inquiry check alerts' in the new SIS?
Alerts to collect targeted information on suspects of serious crime or terrorism , including alerts on 'unknown wanted persons' based on fingerprints.
221
What is the main purpose of Military Mobility?
To improve the mobility of military personnel , materiel, and assets within and beyond the EU by addressing infrastructural and procedural barriers.
222
How much has been allocated for military mobility through the Connecting Europe Facility for 2021-2027?
€1.69 billion.
223
What is the 2025 EU Bioeconomy Strategy's goal?
To build a clean
224
How many jobs are in the EU in biomass producing and converting activities?
17.1 million
225
What is the estimated value of the EU bioeconomy including goods and services?
Up to EUR 2.7 trillion.
226
What is the aim of the Digital Package (Nov 2025)?
To simplify EU digital rules and introduce new digital wallets to save billions for businesses and boost innovation.
227
How much will the Digital Omnibus simplification rules save in businesses' administrative costs by 2029?
Up to €5 billion.
228
What is the goal of the European Business Wallets?
To make it easier and more secure for companies to operate anywhere in the EU
229
What is the aim of the Sustainable Transport Investment Plan?
To boost renewable and low-carbon fuels for aviation and waterborne transport.
230
What is the total investment need to comply with EU targets under ReFuelEU Aviation & FuelEU Maritime by 2035?
Around €100 billion.
231
What is the goal of the High-Speed Rail Plan?
To deliver a well-functioning and faster high-speed rail network by 2040.
232
What is the aim of the Vision for the European Space Economy?
To position the EU as a leader in the global space economy by strengthening competitiveness
233
What is the projected value of the global space economy by 2035?
€1.6 trillion.
234
What is the goal of the Digital Networks Act (Jan 2026)?
To ensure the widespread availability of fast
235
What are the key benefits of rolling out advanced networks by 2035?
An accumulated GDP increase of approx. €400 billion and a total CO2 emission reduction of 0.7 million tonnes.
236
What is the main goal of the revision of the rules on clinical trials?
To streamline authorisation procedures
237
How many clinical trials were authorised between Feb 2022 and Dec 2025?
Over 10
238
What is the aim of the revision of the medical devices regulation?
To promote competitiveness and innovation while maintaining high standards for medical device regulation.
239
What percentage of medical device manufacturers in Europe are SMEs?
Around 80%.
240
What is the 'Safe Hearts' Cardiovascular Health Plan?
An EU plan to tackle cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) which cost the EU €282 billion per year.
241
How many lives are lost to cardiovascular diseases in the EU every year?
1.7 million.
242
How many people are affected by cardiovascular diseases in the EU?
62 million.
243
What is the aim of the EU Biotech Act?
To foster innovation by simplifying rules and providing supportive measures making the EU a global leader in biotech.
244
What percentage of medicines sold in the EU are bio-medicines?
0.4
245
What is the aim of the Market Integration Package (Dec 2025)?
To break down barriers to integrate financial markets and create a unified capital market.
246
What is the current stock exchange capitalisation of the EU as a percentage of GDP?
73% (vs 270% in the US and 130% in the UK).
247
What is the aim of the ResourceEU Action Plan?
To accelerate the objectives of the EU raw materials strategy strengthen resilience against supply disruptions, and diversify CRMs supply chains.
248
By what percentage is the Action Plan aiming to reduce dependency for strategic value chains by 2029?
Up to 50%.
249
How many existing CRM partnerships does the EU have?
15
250
What are the four main objectives of the EU's approach to economic security?
1. Promote competitiveness and prevent harmful dependencies. 2. Protect against risks to critical infrastructure and technologies. 3. Partner with others to strengthen global economic security. 4. Develop a robust response to unfair and predatory practices.
251
What are the six priority high-risk areas for economic security?
Advanced semiconductors, AI, quantum computing, biotechnologies, connectivity/networks, and space technologies.
252
What is the aim of the Quantum Europe Strategy?
To make Europe a global leader in quantum by 2030.
253
How much has the EU and Member States invested in quantum in the last 5 years?
€11 billion.
254
What is the aim of the Action Plan on the automotive sector?
To keep the European automotive sector competitive by addressing challenges like fossil fuel dependence production costs, and innovation.
255
What is the 'Battery Booster' investment package?
A package to support EU-made batteries with €1.8 billion from the Innovation Fund.
256
What is the aim of the initiative on decarbonising corporate fleets?
To accelerate the uptake of zero-emission vehicles in corporate fleets crucial for Europe's transition to zero-emission mobility.
257
What is a key fiscal measure proposed for corporate fleets?
Making zero-emission corporate vehicles more attractive through taxation.
258
What is the aim of the Strategy for European Life Sciences?
To position the EU as the world's most attractive place for life sciences by 2030.
259
What are life sciences?
They study living systems from microorganisms, plants, animals and human beings to ecosystems, and the links between them.
260
What is the aim of the EU Space Act?
To create a cleaner safer, and more competitive space sector through harmonised rules on safety, resilience, and sustainability.
261
How many satellites are currently in orbit?
11
262
What is the Competitiveness Compass?
It establishes competitiveness as an overarching principle for EU action composed of three transformational imperatives and five horizontal enablers.
263
What are the three pillars of the Competitiveness Compass?
1. Closing the innovation gap. 2. A joint roadmap for decarbonisation and competitiveness. 3. Reducing excessive dependencies and increasing security.
264
What is the aim of the Single Market Strategy?
To remove the remaining barriers within the Single Market making it easier and simpler to do business across Europe.
265
What are the 'Terrible 10' barriers?
The 10 most harmful barriers within the Single Market that the Strategy aims to dismantle.
266
What is the '28th regime' for EU company law?
A new optional legal framework for companies to operate across the EU with a single set of rules.
267
How much does consumer spending represent as a percentage of the EU's GDP?
0.54
268
What is the aim of the 'New Deal for Consumers' (2020)?
To strengthen consumer protection with modernised rules in line with digital developments.
269
Under the new rules what must online marketplaces tell consumers?
Whether the seller is a trader or another private individual, and that EU consumer rules do not apply when buying from a private individual.
270
What is HERA?
The European Health Emergency preparedness and Response Authority created to better prepare the EU for cross-border health threats.
271
What is HERA's mission?
To coordinate the development
272
What is the funding for HERA for 2022-2027?
€6 billion from the MFF and NextGenerationEU.
273
What is the SAMIRA Action Plan?
A Commission Action Plan to support Europe's fight against cancer by ensuring access to high-quality radiological and nuclear technologies in medicine.
274
How many medical procedures using ionising radiation are performed annually in the EU?
Around 500 million.
275
What is the aim of the New Consumer Agenda (2020-2025)?
To foster consumer rights while protecting and empowering consumers in the pandemic circumstances and for the years to come.
276
What are the five key areas of the New Consumer Agenda?
Green transition, digital transformation, effective enforcement and redress, consumer vulnerability, and global context.
277
What was the agreement on the largest EU package ever financed (Nov 2020)?
The agreement on the 2021-2027 long-term budget (€1.074 trillion) combined with NextGenerationEU (€750 billion).
278
What percentage of the package will be spent to fight climate change?
0.3
279
What is the aim of the 'Skills for the Green Transition' initiative?
To ensure workers have the skills needed for a greening economy.
280
How many jobs were in the environmental economy in 2019?
4.5 million
281
What is the proposed interim tax for digital companies?
A 3% tax on revenues from online advertising sale of user data, and digital platforms that facilitate interactions between users.
282
What are the key aims of the Digital Finance Strategy?
To enable interoperable digital identities, promote open finance, create clear rules for crypto-assets, mitigate digital risks, and ensure same activity, same risks, same rules.
283
What are the 20 principles of the European Pillar of Social Rights?
They guide the EU towards a strong social Europe that is fair inclusive and full of opportunity.
284
What are the three EU-level targets for 2030 linked to the Pillar?
At least 78% employment rate, at least 60% of adults in training every year, and at least 15 million fewer people at risk of poverty or social exclusion.
285
What is the aim of the EU Cyber Solidarity Act?
To reinforce the EU's solidarity and coordinated actions to detect
286
How much funding is allocated to the Cyber Solidarity Act?
€1.1 billion.
287
What are the three main actions of the Cyber Solidarity Act?
1. Create a European Cybersecurity Alert System. 2. Establish a Cybersecurity Emergency Mechanism. 3. Create a Cybersecurity Incident Review Mechanism.
288
What is the aim of the EU's Cybersecurity Strategy (2020)?
To ensure everyone can safely live their digital lives by boosting security of essential services and strengthening collective capabilities to respond to major cyberattacks.
289
What is the estimated annual cost of cybercrime to the global economy by the end of 2020?
€5.5 trillion.
290
What is the aim of the new strategy for a Better Internet for Kids (BIK+)?
To improve age-appropriate digital services and ensure every child is protected empowered and respected online.
291
What are the three pillars of the BIK+ strategy?
1. Safe digital experiences. 2. Empowering children. 3. Active participation.
292
What is the aim of the Data Act?
To make more data available for use by setting rules on who can use and access what data for which purposes across all economic sectors in the EU.
293
What is the expected additional GDP for the EU-27 by 2028 thanks to new data rules?
An additional €270 billion.
294
What is MediaInvest?
The first ever equity investment instrument to foster European audiovisual productions and distribution businesses aiming to mobilise €400 million in investments.
295
What is the aim of the European Declaration on Digital Rights and Principles?
To guide the EU in promoting an inclusive prosperous, and sustainable digital society, putting people at the centre.
296
What is the aim of the EU Space-based Secure Connectivity System?
To ensure worldwide access to secure governmental satellite communication services and provide high-speed broadband removing dead zones.
297
What is the aim of the European Chips Act?
To strengthen Europe's competitiveness and resilience in semiconductor technologies.
298
What is the target for EU's share of the global semiconductor market by 2030?
0.2
299
What is the total policy-driven investment expected to support the Chips Act until 2030?
More than €43 billion.
300
What is the aim of the EU approach for Space Traffic Management (STM)?
To propose enhanced capabilities norms and engagement to ensure the safe, secure and sustainable use of space.
301
How many European satellites are safeguarded by the EU SST consortium?
268
302
What is the aim of the Cyber Resilience Act?
To introduce mandatory cybersecurity requirements for hardware and software products throughout their whole lifecycle.
303
What is the estimated global annual cost of cybercrime in 2021?
€5.5 trillion.
304
For how long must manufacturers ensure vulnerabilities are handled after a product is sold?
For the expected product lifetime or for a period of five years whichever is shorter.
305
What is the purpose of the New European Bauhaus Investment Guidelines?
To set the basis for how and why investments in built environment projects can be aligned with the New European Bauhaus providing guidance on putting its values and principles into practice.
306
What are the three main areas of focus for the NEB Investment Guidelines?
Buildings, open spaces, and neighbourhoods.
307
What are the three core values of the New European Bauhaus reflected in the guidelines?
Beautiful, Sustainable, and Together.
308
What is the European Climate Law?
It will transform political promises into a binding legal obligation writing the climate neutrality target for 2050 into law and proposing the path to get there.
309
What is the Commission's recommended 2040 climate target?
A 90% net greenhouse gas emissions reduction target for 2040 as compared to 1990 levels.
310
What is REPowerEU?
A plan for joint European action to make energy more affordable secure, and sustainable, and to terminate Europe's dangerous overdependence on Russian fossil fuels.
311
What is the target for gas storage filling under REPowerEU?
A 90% filling target by 1 October each year.
312
What is the new ambition for biomethane production by 2030 under REPowerEU?
To produce 35 billion cubic metres (bcm) per year.
313
What is the Hydrogen Accelerator under REPowerEU?
An initiative to develop infrastructure storage facilities and ports, aiming for an additional 10 mt of imported renewable hydrogen and 5 mt of domestic renewable hydrogen by 2030.
314
What is the Social Climate Fund?
A fund to provide €72.2 billion for the period 2025-2032 to support vulnerable European citizens most exposed to energy or mobility poverty.
315
What is the purpose of the EU certification framework for carbon removals?
To reliably certify high-quality carbon removals helping the EU reach its climate neutrality goal by 2050.
316
What are the three main types of carbon removals that can be certified?
1. Carbon farming (restoring forests, soils). 2. Permanent storage (bioenergy with carbon capture). 3. Carbon storage in long-lasting products (wood-based construction).
317
What is the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM)?
A system that puts a fair price on the carbon emitted during the production of certain goods imported into the EU, to prevent carbon leakage.
318
In its first phase which goods will the CBAM focus on?
"Cement, iron and steel, aluminium, fertilisers, and electricity."
319
When will the CBAM be fully implemented as of the factsheet?
As of 2026 after a transitional phase until the end of 2025.
320
What is the European Climate Pact?
An EU-wide initiative that invites people communities, and organisations to connect, share knowledge, and develop solutions to fight climate change.
321
How many additional trees does the EU Biodiversity Strategy commit to planting by 2030?
At least 3 billion additional trees.
322
What is the goal of the revised Regulation on Land Use Land Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF)?
To help improve forest resilience, restore degraded ecosystems, and increase carbon stored in soil and forests.
323
What is the new EU Forest Strategy for 2030 aiming to do?
To improve the quantity and quality of EU forests by increasing forest coverage improving resilience, and protecting and restoring them.
324
What is the economic benefit of investing in land restoration?
Every EUR spent in land restoration brings an economic return of EUR 8 to EUR 38.
325
What is the target of the Nature Restoration Law for 2030?
To restore at least 20% of EU land and sea by 2030.
326
How much of EU soils are in an unhealthy condition?
Up to 70%.
327
What is the aim of the High-Speed Rail Plan?
To deliver a well-functioning and faster high-speed rail network by 2040.
328
How much has been allocated to rail infrastructure projects from EU programmes since 2014?
More than €100 billion.
329
What is the purpose of the Clean Industrial Deal State Aid Framework?
To accelerate investments in clean energy industrial decarbonisation, and clean technology manufacturing.
330
What is the target for the future Industrial Decarbonisation Bank?
€100 billion.
331
How many strategic projects have been selected under the Critical Raw Materials Act?
47 strategic projects.
332
What is the Choose Europe initiative?
An initiative to make the EU the world's most attractive destination for researchers and innovators.
333
What is the Savings and Investments Union Strategy?
A strategy to unlock the full potential of the EU's capital markets and connect savers with businesses in need of capital.
334
What is the goal of the Strategy for Generational Renewal in agriculture?
To double the share of young farmers in the EU by 2040.
335
What is the European Ocean Pact?
It brings together EU ocean policies into a unified framework to better protect the ocean, promote a thriving blue economy and support the well-being of people in coastal areas.
336
What is the SAFE instrument for defence?
An instrument to provide €150 billion for joint defence procurement including to buy with, from and for Ukraine.
337
What is the aim of the proposed Regulation on Military Mobility?
To have a 'Military Schengen' in place by 2027 enabling faster and more coordinated movements of troops and military equipment across Europe.
338
What is ProtectEU?
The European Internal Security Strategy to strengthen the EU's ability to guarantee security for its citizens.
339
What was the decrease in illegal border crossings in the first 10 months of 2025?
A 22% decrease.
340
What is the total amount of support provided to Ukraine by the EU and its Member States (as of the report)?
€187.3 billion.
341
What is the European Democracy Shield?
An initiative to boost democratic resilience, counter information manipulation, and protect free elections and independent media.
342
What is the Roadmap for Women's Rights?
An initiative to empower all Europeans and ensure they live free from discrimination.
343
What is the proposed total for the long-term budget for 2028-2034?
Almost €2 trillion.
344
What is the new target for Global Gateway investments?
It could now reach €400 billion by 2027 having surpassed its initial €300 billion target ahead of time.
345
What is the aim of the Critical Medicines Act?
To ensure a resilient and uninterrupted supply of critical medicines in the EU even in times of crisis.
346
What is REARM Europe?
A plan to mobilise up to €800 billion to drive a major increase in European defence spending.
347
How much in loans is proposed under the SAFE instrument to accelerate joint defence procurement?
€150 billion.
348
What was the outcome of the first 100 days in terms of simplification packages?
Two packages were adopted set to bring total savings in annual administrative costs of around €6.3 billion and mobilise an additional investment capacity of €50 billion.
349
What is InvestAI?
A new initiative to mobilise €200 billion for investment, including €20 billion for AI gigafactories.
350
What is the aim of the Union of Skills?
To support the development of human capital and ensure European companies have access to the skills they need.
351
What is the goal of the 'New Deal for Consumers' regarding penalties for widespread infringements?
To give national authorities the power to impose fines up to 4% of a trader's turnover for widespread infringements affecting consumers in several EU Member States.
352
What is the Consumer Protection Cooperation (CPC) network?
A network of national authorities that works to ensure consumer rights are enforced on the ground across the EU.
353
What was a key technology outcome of the third TTC ministerial meeting?
An early warning mechanism to cooperatively address semiconductor supply chain disruptions.
354
What is the aim of the EU-US Talent for Growth Task Force?
To bring together government and private sector leaders to exchange best practices and serve as a catalyst for innovative skills policies.
355
What are the targets for renewable hydrogen under the revised Renewable Energy Directive?
2.6% for renewable fuels of non-biological origin in transport, and a 50% renewable share in hydrogen consumption for industry.
356
What is the target for hydrogen refuelling stations along the TEN-T core network?
One refuelling station available every 150 km.
EU knowledge
flashcards
Decks in class (19)
# Cards
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Key figures on Europe 2025102
-
Interinstitutional decision making125
-
EU institutions and bodies130
-
EU History98
-
EU law and history153
-
EU budget and financial instruments193
-
Priorities of the current comission 2024-202959
-
Factsheets356
-
SOTEU420
-
Political Priority 1243
-
Political Priority 2228
-
Political Priority 3142
-
Political priority 4132
-
Political priority 5214
-
Political priority 6132
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Political Priority 7289
-
Miscelanious/books464
-
Miscelanious/books part 2255
-
The EU in 2025 book216
