Fasting

Question 1

Types of fast

Answer 1

fard muaiyin - ramadan
qazaj - missed fasts in ramadan  
sunnah- fast on mondays and thursdays
makrooh - 9th and 10th of Muharram and fasting only on saturdays
haram - on 5 days of eid

Question 2

intention (niyyah)

Answer 2

intention of fasting is necessary
not necessary to say verbally, intention of heart is fine
time for intention is from subasadiq to sunset
niyyah for qazah should be made before subah sadiq

Question 3

desirable actions in fasting (mustahabbaat)

Answer 3

eating sehri
delay sehri to little before subasadiq
opening fast immediately after sunset
open with dates, if not then water
make intention (niyyah) at night

Question 4

Qazah

Answer 4

to keep one fast in place of one that has been broken

Question 5

kaffarah

Answer 5

to continually fast for 60 days, if unable for valid reason, can choose one of four options:

1. feed 60 poor people for two meals
2. feed 1 poor person two meals a day for 60 days
3. give 60 poor people 3 and a half pounds of wheat or its equivalent in cash or grains
4. give one poor person 3 and a half pounds of wheat or its equivalent in cash or grains for 60 days

Question 6

things that make qazah wajib

Answer 6

1. any food put by force into mouth of fasting person
2. if water goes down throat when gargling, knowing you are fasting
3. to vomit a mouthful intentionally or to return vomit down throat
4. swallowing intentionally anything not used as food or medicine
5. swallowing something edible, equal to or bigger than half a pea stuck in teeth, if first taken out of teeth then swallowed then will break fast regardless of size
6. using an inhaler
7. swallowing blood when colour is more than saliva which it is mixed with
8. eating or drinking forgetting that you are fasting and then, knowing fast is broken, eating or drinking again
9. eating or drinking after subasadiq or breaking the fast early due to a cloudy sky, faulty watch etc and then realising.

Question 7

things that make kaffarah wajib

Answer 7

1, eating, drinking or breaking fast in any other way, such as smoking, without a valid reason will make both qazah and kaffarah necessary

2. eating or drinking assuming that fast is broken after having applied surma in the eye or oil on the head
3. to drink any kind of medicine intentionally