Any surface or narrow zone with
measurable slip (shear displacement).
Consist of fault rock material and subsidiary
brittle structures and therefore have a definable thickness.
A discontinuity in the velocity or displacement field associated with deformation.
faults
Analogs in a ductile material of faults in a
brittle material. Hence, shear zones are
thus _______
ductile faults.
1 of the 3 principal stresses must be perpendicular to the surface.
The other 2 must be parallel.
Anderson’s Theory of Faulting
fault block beneath the fault surface.
Footwall
where a layer or
feature in the
footwall is cut by
the fault.
Footwall cut-off
fault block
above the fault surface.
Hanging wall
rocks that have
been translated
great distances
away from their
original site.
Allochthonous
relative
offset of points once adjacent on either side
of a fault
Displacement
locally transported
rocks.
Parautochthonous
rocks that have
retained their
original location.
Autochthonous
where a layer or feature
in the hanging-wall is cut by the fault.
Hanging wall cut-off
is a planar geomorphic feature
formed by offset of the surface.
Fault scarp
The fault that intersected the ground surface while it was active is an
emergent fault
The largest faults in a faulted area,
called _______
they are associated
with minor faults.
master faults
dips toward the master fault.
Antithetic fault
dips in the same direction as the master fault.
Synthetic fault
Loss of cohesion and slip occurs on
several faults within a band of definable
width.
Fault Zone
