What type of government did the Roman Republic establish?
A republican form of government with elected representatives.
What is a republic?
A government in which citizens elect representatives to make decisions.
What is democracy?
A government in which power comes from the people.
What is federalism?
The division of power between national and state governments.
What are the three branches of government?
Legislative, Executive, Judicial.
What does the Legislative Branch do?
Makes laws.
What does the Executive Branch do?
Enforces laws.
What does the Judicial Branch do?
Interprets laws.
What document is the supreme law of the land?
The U.S. Constitution.
What are the first ten amendments called?
The Bill of Rights.
What does the First Amendment protect?
Freedom of speech, religion, press, assembly, and petition.
What does the Second Amendment protect?
The right to bear arms.
What does the Fourth Amendment protect against?
Unreasonable searches and seizures.
What does the Fifth Amendment guarantee?
Due process and protection against self-incrimination.
What does the Sixth Amendment guarantee?
Right to a fair and speedy trial.
What does the Eighth Amendment protect against?
Cruel and unusual punishment.
What is due process?
The government must follow fair procedures before depriving someone of life, liberty, or property.
What is checks and balances?
A system where each branch limits the power of the others.
How can Congress check the President?
Override vetoes, impeach, control funding.
How can the President check Congress?
Veto legislation.
How can the Supreme Court check the other branches?
Judicial review.
What is judicial review?
The power to declare laws unconstitutional.
Which Supreme Court case established judicial review?
Marbury v. Madison.
What did Brown v. Board of Education decide?
School segregation is unconstitutional.
