AUBF LAB > FECAL ANALYSIS > Flashcards

FECAL ANALYSIS Flashcards

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1
Q

End product of body’s metabolism which provides a valuable
diagnostic information

A

Feces

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2
Q

How many hours for food to be
converted into feces

A

18-24 hrs

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3
Q

Feces contains

A

Bacteria, cellulose, and other
undigested foodstuffs, GI secretion, bile, pigments,
cells, electrolytes, and water

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4
Q

Around how many grams of stool is passed per day

A

100-200 grams

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5
Q

How much water and solids does
the Feces contain

A

75% water and 25% solids

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6
Q

Importance of Fecalysis

A
  1. Detect parasitism
  2. Detect malfunction of GIT, liver, and kidney
  3. Detect GIT bleeding
  4. Detect steatorrhea, amylorrhea, and inflammation
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7
Q
A
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8
Q

Presence of blood in stool

A

Hematochezia

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9
Q

Increased starch in stool

A

Amylorrhea

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10
Q

Increased fats in stool

A

Steatorrhea

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11
Q

Abnormal excretion of muscle fibers in feces

A

Creatorrhea

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12
Q

TWO types OF stools

A

Routine fecalysis and Chemical Analysis

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13
Q

Type of stool that composed of macroscopic and microscopic parts

A

Routine fecalysis

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14
Q

Type of stools that special tests done on stool sample

A

Chemical analysis

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15
Q

Types of stool specimen

A
  1. Random specimen
  2. Timed specimen
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16
Q

Suitable for qualitative testing of blood and microscopic exam such as fecal fats, muscle fibers, and leukocytes

A

Random specimen

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17
Q

For quantitative examination of stool specimen

A

Timed specimen

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18
Q

Example for timed specimen or quantitative examination

A

3 day stool

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19
Q

Ideal container for stool

A

Clean and dry
Wide mouth
Leak proof
Tight-fitting lids or cover

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20
Q

what is the amount to be submitted for routine stool exam (fecalysis) if formed

A

5-7 grams, size of a marble, or pea size

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21
Q

what is the amount to be submitted for routine stool exam (fecalysis) if watery

A

10 mL or cc

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22
Q

what is the amount of feces to be submitted for chemical examination for quantitative fecal fat determination

A

3-day stool sample

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23
Q

what are the basis for specimen to be rejected

A
  1. specimen is contaminated with urine, tissue paper, toilet water, soil, and water
  2. specimens not properly labeled
  3. old specimens
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24
Q

stool must be processed and examined within how many hours

A

2 hours

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25
what are the methods for preservation
1. refrigeration 2. chemical preservatives
26
what are the chemical preservatives (5)
1. 10% formalin 2. polyvinyl alcohol 3. Merthiolate-iodine formaldehyde 4. sodium acetate formaldehyde 5. schaudinn's solution
27
chemical preservative for cells and fibers
10% formalin
28
chemical preservatives fpr the ova
polyvinyl alcohol merthiolate-iodine solution sodium acetate solution
29
chemical preservative for adult form
schaudinn's solution
30
what are under the macroscopic examination
color odor consistency
31
normal color for poop
light brown to dark brown
32
what are the pigments responsible of the poop
1. stercobilin 2. urobilin 3. mesobilin
33
poop is naturally brown due to the ___ produced in your liver
bile
34
cause of green poop
1. food may be moving through the large intestine too quickly 2. eaten lots of green leafy veggies or green food coloring
35
greasy, foul-smelling yellow poop indicates
excess fat due to malabsorption disorder like celiac disease
36
black poop means
1. bleeding internally due to ulcer or cancer 2. vitamins maybe containing iron or bismuth subsalicylate
37
light colored, white or clay-colored
1. not normally seen, could indicate bile duct obstruction 2. some meds could cause this too
38
blood stained or red
could be a symptom for cancer
39
normal consistency of the poop
soft to formed
40
normal odor of the poop
peculiar offensive but not extremely foul
41
substance responsible for odor (BIS)
1. butyric 2. indole 3. skatol
42
color of the poop if normal
brown
43
color of the poop if UPPER GIT BLEEDING
black
44
color of the poop if LOWER GIT BLEEDING
red
45
color of the poop if bile duct obstruction or barium sulfate
pale yellow, white, gray
46
color of the poop if biliverdin, green leafy vegetables, or oral antibiotics
green
47
color of the poop if Prussian blue, grape soda
blue
48
color of the poop if PORPHYRIA
violet or purple
49
color or appearance of the poop if bile duct obstruction, pancreatic disorders, steatorrhea
bulky or frothy
50
color of the poop if cystic fibrosis (high mucus)
butter-like
51
color of the poop if colitis, dysentery, malignancy, constipation
mucus, blood-stained mucus
52
color of the poop if intestinal constriction
ribbon-like `
53
color of the poop if cholera
rice watery
54
color of the poop if typhoid
pea-soup
55
separate hard lumps like nuts
type 1
56
sausage-shaped lumpy
type 2
57
like a sausage but with cracks
type 3
58
like a sausage or snake, smooth and soft
type 4
59
soft blobs with clear-cut edges
type 5
60
fluffy pieces with ragged edges, a mushy stool
type 6
61
watery, no solid particles, entirely liquid
type 7
62
tests under microscopic examination for fecal
1. fecal leukocytes 2. muscle fibers
63
when is fecal leukocytes considered an invasive condition
greater than or equal to 3 neutrophils per high power field
64
diarrhea WITH leukocytes (SSYEC)
salmonella, shigella, yersinia, enteroinvasive e.coli, campylobacter
65
diarrhea WITHOUT leukocytes
toxic producing (S.aureus, V.cholerae), virus, parasites
66
types of determination in fecal leukocytes
1. wet preparation 2. dry preparation 3. lactoferrin latex agglutination test
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