Feeding specific groups - EP

Question 1

1 cup of ________ can be supplemented in the diet of performance horses to replace 3-4 cups of concentrate

Answer 1

Fats / oils

** takes 2-3 months to adapt

Question 2

Older horses should have a BCS of _______ prior to winter

Answer 2

4-6

Question 3

What makes up an ideal diet for aged horses?

Answer 3

1. Palatable
2. Easily digested/ masticated
3. REMOVE COMPETITION

Question 4

True or False: Starved horses should immediately be put on a high quality diet

Answer 4

FALSE - start low and go slow

Question 5

Result of giving a starved horse a high quality, high concentrate diet?

Answer 5

Refeeding syndrome - fatal increase in blood insulin, cardiac and resp failure

Question 6

Feeding requirements for a starved horses?

Answer 6

Start on LOW glycemic index

• Introduce roughage only @ 50-75% of maintenance (based on current BW)
• Gradually increase over 10 days to maintenance
• Increase up to 125%

Question 7

What horses are more at risk for EMS?

Answer 7

YOUNG, obese horses

Question 8

How to treat EMS?

Answer 8

LOW glycemic index diet

• NO grass pasture
• Exercise IMPT
• If EMS is controlled, horse can graze using a grazing muzzle and should go out in the morning when NSC are low

Question 9

What horses are more at risk for PPID?

Answer 9

OLD, obese horses

• Morgans and ponies

Question 10

CS associated with PPID?

Answer 10

1. PU/PD
2. Abnormal fat distribution
3. Laminitis
4. Hirsutism- abnormally long hair coat
5. Lethargy

Question 11

PPID can also be referred to as?

Answer 11

Equine Cushings dz

Question 12

How to feed a horse with PPID?

Answer 12

1. Low glycemic index diet
2. Forage diet
3. Avoid pasture with high NCS (in evening)
4. Soak hay to decrease NCS
5. Small frequent meals

Question 13

___________ is a life threatening condition with a 56% survival rate

Answer 13

Hyperlipemia

Question 14

What horses are at risk for hyperlipemia?

Answer 14

1. Ponies
2. Donkeys
3. Miniature horses
4. Pregnant / lactating females
5. Obesity

Question 15

Easiest way to diagnose hyperlipemia?

Answer 15

Collect blood, put in EDTA purple top tube, observe cloudy/fatty sample to diagnose

Question 16

How to feed a horse with hyperlipemia?

Answer 16

1. Enteral nutrition if appetent - palatable foods
2. ** Tube feeding liquefied pelleted complete feeds + alfalfa pellets in a “slurry”

Question 17

What is not suggested for treatment of a horse with hyperlipemia?

Answer 17

Do not terminate pregnancy, thats stressful

Do not wean / take away baby from mom - stressful!

Question 18

CS associated with hyperlipemia? (9)

Answer 18

1. Anorexia
2. Dysphagia
3. Colic
4. Pyrexia
5. Encephalopathy
6. Depression
7. Weakness
8. Abortion
9. Rapid weight loss

Question 19

What are the developmental orthopedic diseases?

Answer 19

1. Physitis
2. Angular limb deformities
3. Flexural deformities
4. Osteochondorsis & OCD
5. Cervical vertebral malformation

Question 20

Key factors thought to be involved in DOD? (7)

Answer 20

1. Rapid growth
2. Diet imbalance - hypernutrition
3. Cu and Zn deficiency
4. Stress or trauma (too much exercise @ young age)
5. Hormonal factors - Hyperinsulinemia
6. Unbalanced Ca:P ratio
7. Genetic disposition

Question 21

What is the most common DOD in Thorough breds?

Answer 21

Physitis / Epiphysitis

Question 22

How to treat physitis?

Answer 22

1. REST
2. Decrease nutritional plane - roughage only
3. Supplement Ca or P depending on ratio

Question 23

What is carpal valgus?

Answer 23

Lateral deviation of carpus

** angular limb deformity

Question 24

What is fetlock varus?

Answer 24

Medial deviation of fetlock

** angular limb deformity

Question 25

How to treat angular limb deformities?

Answer 25

1. Stall confinement / Rest 2. Trimming / Shoeing 3. Sx if needed

Question 26

How can horses acquire flexural limb deformities?

Answer 26

1. Rapidly growing foals 2. Excessive energy intake after previous inadequate energy

Question 27

How to treat flexural limb deformities?

Answer 27

1. Exercise 2. Shoeing 3. Sx : Desmotomy or Tenotomy

Question 28

____________ is a condition that is seen by fragments of bone lesions on xray

Answer 28

Osteochondorsis & OCD

Question 29

CS associated with OCD?

Answer 29

Lameness +/- effusion

Question 30

Treatment for OCD?

Answer 30

Arthroscopy Make sure mom horse has adequate nutrition

Question 31

What DOD can cause worse CS when the neck of a horse is extended?

Answer 31

Cervical vertebral malformation - becomes wobbly

Question 32

When should colostrum be consumed?

Answer 32

First 12 hours

Question 33

How to treat esophageal obstruction?

Answer 33

Nasal tube lavage, feed soaked, oatmeal like feed

Question 34

How to decrease cribbing from occurring?

Answer 34

Feed more hay/roughage, increase exercise

Question 35

Concerns associated with cribbing?

Answer 35

- Epiploic foramen entrapment from aspirating air - incisor wear

Question 36

How to float teeth?

Answer 36

Maxillary: buccal surface Mandibular: lingual surface

Question 37

What is quidding?

Answer 37

Dropping food while eating

Question 38

When should a horse with PPID be put out on pasture?

Answer 38

** Early morning (Low NSCs) **