Fertility control

Question 1

How does administering progesterone control fertility?

Answer 1

• Prevents ovulation (by blocking LH surge)
• Thicken cervical mucus (sperm inhibited)
• Hostile endometrium (progesterone early on in the cycle means the endothelium remains thin and doesnt support ovulation)

Question 2

How does administering oestrogen control fertility?

Answer 2

• Reliable suppression of FSH prevents the development of the follicle

Question 3

State three reasons for a regular bleed

Answer 3

• Women forget theyre women
• Act as a pregnancy test
• If you dont shed endometrium is there an increased risk of cancer?

Question 4

ED packs contain placebos. What nation of women like these?

What happens if you miss a pill at the beginning/end of a course?

Answer 4

Australian

High risk of pregnancy. Missing/extending drug free days causes gravian follicle to develop. Pill fails due to user failure not drug failure.

Question 5

Describe the vaginal ring

Answer 5

• Delivery of hormones through vagina
• Ring secretes hormone for 21 days then removed
• Can be left out for 3 hours

Question 6

Describe the Implant

Answer 6

Inserted into skin and release progesterone for 3 years

- NO drug free days

Question 7

Describe intrauterine contraception

Answer 7

IUD is a plastic rod (most effective) that causes local sterile inflammatory response leading to the preventio of implantation of fertilised ovum

IUS secretes progesterone

Question 8

When might hormonal contraceptives be indicated other than for fertility control?

Answer 8

• Heavy menstrual bleeding

- Dysmenorrhoea

Question 9

What type of drug is the the drug used to induce abortion?

Name?

Answer 9

Progesterone anatagonist

Mifepristone

Question 10

What drugs are used as emergency contraception?

Answer 10

Levo-norgesterel- blocks LH surge

Ulipristal- prevents thickening of the endometrium. More effective

**They dont cause abortion (ovum cant impant in uterus)

Question 11

What were the biological disadvantages to developing a male contraceptive?

Answer 11

• Sperm production takes 3 months

Men were losing 2ndry male characteristics

• no aggression, libido
• regression of genitalia
• loss of male pattern pubic hair, muscle development, sperm production

**Effects of testosterone.(Which is also hepatotoxic)