What are 4 characteristics of fibromyalgia?
- Constant pain in multiple muscles, ligaments, tendons located on both sides of the body above and below the waist
- Systemic fatigue
- Inability to think clearly (‘brain fog’)
- Sleep and/or mood issues
What are tender points?
Specific anatomical locations where slight pressure causes pain
How many tender points are there? Where are they? (9)
18 tender points total
- back of the head
- between the scapulae
- top of the shoulders
- front sides of the neck
- upper chest
- lateral elbow area
- upper hips,
- side of the hips
- inner knees
How many tender points must be symptomatic to indicate fibromyalgia?
Presence of pain with pressure on at least 11 of these 18 tender points using a pressure algometer is indicative of fibromyalgia
What is the etiology of fibromyalgia? What percentage of the population is affected?
- Etiology: Unknown
2. Affects 2% of US population
Fibromyalgia is thought to ______ painful sensations by affecting the way the brain processes ________.
- Amplify
2. Pain signals
List 5 risk factors for fibromyalgia.
- Female sex
- Family history
- Sleep disorders
- Age
- RA
List 3 medications that can reduce pain and improve sleep in patients with fibromyalgia.
- analgesics
- antidepressants
- anti-seizure medications (Gabapentin, Lyrica)
What 2 techniques should the PT instruct fibromyalgia patients on?
- Techniques to get adequate sleep
2. Techniques to reduce stress
What 5 things should be assessed during the PT examination of a patient with fibromyalgia?
- History
- Functional status
- Gait
- Endurance
- General description of strength and ROM
List 4 interventions used in PT management of fibromyalgia.
- Instruction in techniques to pace oneself with daily activities
- Exercise
- Soft tissue mobilization
- Specific intervention for the patient’s impairments
There is strong evidence supporting the implementation of an _____ exercise program to manage symptoms and improve physical function, and moderate evidence for performing _____ exercise to manage symptoms and improve physical function
- Aerobic
2. Strengthening
