Edgar Schein’s Onion Model
- artifacts: behaviors and other visible
- values: represent what “ought” to happen
- assumptions: core assumptions about how the world works
- seen as onion bc interconnected levels & layered
Excellent Cultures Peter & Waterman
Provide prescriptions for managerial practice
- Bias for action
- close relations to the customer
- entrepreneurship
NASA case study, how did assumptions contribute to disaster
Reliance on past success and evolution of informal chain of command of decision making that operated outside the organization’s rules
Describe Critical Theory
- Certain societal structures lead to fundamental imbalances of power
- These imbalances of power lead to alienation and oppression for certain social classes and groups
- The role of critical theorists is to explore and uncover these imbalances and bring them to the attention of the oppressed groups, and emancipation is then possible
Ideology
Taken-for-granted assumptions about reality that influence perceptions of situation and events
Hegemony
Refers to a process in which a dominant group leads another group to accept subordination as the norm
Emancipation
Liberation of people from restrictive ideologies and power relations that inhibit opportunities for autonomy
-Idea that inferior group should take a stand and get out from under the control of the group that is suppressing them and their input–the goal of critical theorists
Unitary frame of reference
Focused on organizational goals. Conflict is seen as rare and negative, and the use of power is a natural way of managing people
Pluralist frame of reference
Organization consists of many groups with divergent interests. Conflict is seen as positive and a natural way of life
Radical frame of reference
Organizations are viewed as a battleground where rival forces strive for the achievement of largely incompatible ends. Conflict and power are viewed as class struggles in society.
Disciplined bodies
Women faced a dilemma of how to dress and behave in the workplace. They were to wear dresses and skirts but not give too firm of a handshake and not appear too emotional
Case study critical theory
Girl doing strip-o-grams to pay her way through college and her brother bad bc objectifying, but she says everyone is benefiting
Newcomer information seeking tactics
- Overt questions: asking direct questions of information targets
- Indirect questions: asking interrogative questions or by hinting
Four stages of Assimilation
- a. Vocational anticipatory stage (career choice)
- family, friends, education, media, job - b. Organizational anticipatory stage (organization choice)
- organizational literature, interpersonal communication with interviewers, employees - Organizational encounter
- organizational management: one-way, written, informing newcomer (contract)
- supervisor: interpersonal expectations performance
- coworkers: informative, supportive, normative, job performance - Metamorphosis
- organizational management: one-way, sense of identification & commitment to organization
- supervisor: negotiation of newcomers roles
- coworkers: less reliant, increase sharing in opinion, more conflict - Exit
- with drawl: communication avoidance, emphasize difference between leaver and stayer, leaver prepares stayer for departure
- consequences: stayers consider leaving, time communicating rules, norms, etc.
Job Interview Video Assimilation
- answer the question 2. be honest
How can a person disagree ethically
- focus on the idea not the person
- express your disagreement
- base your disagreement of evidence and reasoning
Phase of organization conflict that best relates to me
Felt conflict: conflict is personalized by focus being placed on the conflict issue and planning conflict management strategies
Burnout Symptoms & Strategies
Symptoms: Environmental factors such as workload and life events
Strategies: problem-centered coping, directly dealing with problems and emotion-centered coping, dealing with the negative outcomes of burnout
Two suggestions by happiness at work handout
- Smile at your coworkers and peers
- Stay away from pity parties
Videos emotion: time-management
- Keep you envionrment clean
- Make a to do list
- avoid distractions
President’s Blog
He said that “if we’re as white as we are now in 10 years from now then we will have failed as a university. Need to diversify
How would human relations theorist view diversity
-80% said global talent will be a priority in the coming years
Advantages for organizations that diversity
- Problem-solving: diversity produces better choice through different perspectives for a more critical analysis of issues
- Creativity: diversity of perspectives and less emphasis on conformity to the norms of the past
Three challenges that face organization as the workplace diversifies
Sexual harassment: is a display of power, and men and women view sexual harassment differently. Dealing with the issue will not be a simple and straightforward task as the standpoints of men and woman may lead to different conclusions
Balancing work and home: children, who is the caretaker
Avoiding negative impacts of diversity management programs: stigmitization, people who benefit are seen as incompetent
-self-view of competence: the people who benefit views their competence, can impact work behavior and communication
