Final

Question 1

What are the four elements of FREE STYLE?

Answer 1

1. Improvisation was not tied to chord progression
2. Tempo was free – speed and slow down during song – musician played at different tempos
3. Traditional melodies were rare
4. Involved collective improv

Question 2

What were some of the criticisms of FREE STYLE (2)

Answer 2

1. Less predictable (but this is good because there is an element of chance)
2. Could seem loud and disorganized

Question 3

What are two main characteristics of SONIC TEXTURE?

Answer 3

1. Blending of certain instruments

2. Less concerned with recognizable melody

Question 4

Traditional Jazz musicians frowned on free jazz/avante garde because (3)

Answer 4

1. They believed it was less accomplished
2. Because of different appraoch to improv in free setting
3. Believed it to be a “cop out” to mask inability to play in traditional form

Question 5

What two subgenres make up AVANTE GARDE?

Answer 5

1. FREE STYLE

2. SONIC TEXTURE

Question 6

Which alto saxophonists is considered to be one of the most influential in avant garde?

Answer 6

Ornette Coleman

Question 7

Ornette Coleman used ______ tone in his early career

Answer 7

Soft Legato Tone

Question 8

Which musician played the pocket trumpet and was an important sideman of Coleman’s early career.

Answer 8

Don Cherry

Question 9

Which two musicians were a part of the Avante Garde movement but NOT free jazz?

Answer 9

Charles Mingus

Eric Dolphy

Question 10

Which group emerged from AACM (Association for the Advancement of Creative Minds)

Answer 10

Art Ensemble of Chicago

Question 11

This musician is considered the most influential pianist since Bud Powell.

Answer 11

Bill Evans

Question 12

Bill Evans developed a new style in the areas of _______ and ________.

Answer 12

Chord voicings and modal harmony

Question 13

Who made up the Bill Evans Trio?

Answer 13

1. Bill Evans (piano)
2. Scott LaFaro (bass)
3. Paul Motian (drummer)

Question 14

Who was the first pianist to experiment with electric piano?

Answer 14

Herbie Hancock

Question 15

What was the name of the band led by Herbie Hancock? What was their style?

Answer 15

Head Hunters

Jazz, Funk, Rock Fusion

Question 16

Chick Corea was heavily influenced by _____

Answer 16

Bill Evans

Question 17

Chick Corea collaborated with ______.

Answer 17

Gary Burton (vibraphonist)

Question 18

Chick Corea’s style is more ____ (_____) compared to Herbie’s

Answer 18

Crisp (stacatto)

Question 19

Keith Jarrett is known for playing long-winding music, what is this style called?

Answer 19

Legato

Question 20

Who was the most successful solo piano concert player in Jazz History?

Answer 20

Keith Jarrett

Question 21

Who are the forefathers of fusion?

Answer 21

Miles Davis (trumpet) 
Herbie Hancock (piano)
Larry Coryell (guitar) 
Gary Burton (vibraphonist)

Question 22

Who is considered to be one of the most prominent guitarists since Wes Montgomery?

Answer 22

John McLaughlin

Question 23

John McLaughlin founded _____ orchestra, the leading fusion band

Answer 23

Mahavishnu orchestra

Question 24

John McLaughlin was influenced by ____ (person) and ______ styles

Answer 24

Coltrane and rock guitar styles

Question 25

Who was the first guitarits to blend jazz not only with rock, but with country and blues?

Answer 25

Larry Coryell

Question 26

This guitarist is the most famous and influential

Answer 26

Pat Metheney

Question 27

Pat Metheney was the first to incorporate ________.

Answer 27

electronic effects in to his signature sound

Question 28

Hiram Bullock used what kind of guitar?

Answer 28

solid body guitar

Question 29

This guitarist was the original guitarist in the David Letterman Band.

Answer 29

Hiram Bullock

Question 30

This guitarist played in chord melody -- where the bass notes was the melody

Answer 30

Hiram Bullock

Question 31

John Schofield played the _____guitar

Answer 31

semi hallow guitar

Question 32

Mike Stern used the ______ guitar

Answer 32

solid body electric guitar

Question 33

Who were the 3 cofounders of Weather Report? Which one left?

Answer 33

Joe Zawinul Wayne Shorter Miroslav Vitous (left the band)

Question 34

Who was added to Weather Report later

Answer 34

Jaco Pastorius

Question 35

Who were some big artists of the new age jazz era? (4)

Answer 35

George Winston Paul Wynton Consort Yanni Dave Grusen

Question 36

Who were some minimalist composers of the New Age Jazz era? (3)

Answer 36

Philip Glass, Steve Wright, John Adams

Question 37

Who were some big smooth jazz artists? (4)

Answer 37

Grover Washington, George Benson, Earl Klugh, Bob James

Question 38

Who were some artists that saw smooth jazz as viable, moneymaking genres (4)

Answer 38

Kenny G David Benoit Boney James Rick Braun

Question 39

George Benson (hard bop guitarist) received heavy critism for his album "breezin". Why?

Answer 39

That he has sold out his artistry/artistic values, played more commercial music.

Question 40

This tenor saxophonist is widely regarded as the most influential tenor saxophonist since John Coletrane

Answer 40

Michael Brecker

Question 41

The recording pointed to as one of the first Latin jazz songs is ____ by Gillespie, when he brought in ______, who was a Cuban percussionist.

Answer 41

Manteca | Chono Poso

Question 42

The foundation for Latin Jazz is the _____ pattern

Answer 42

Clave

Question 43

This type of modern jazz is closest to hard bop.

Answer 43

Neo Classic Jazz

Question 44

Branford Marsalis began his career with playing as a sideman for ______

Answer 44

Art Blakey

Question 45

This trumpet player was the first jazz musician to win a Pulitzer prize

Answer 45

Wynton Marsalias

Question 46

The style of jazz singing in which lyrics are written for melodies that were originally part of an instrumental composition or improvisation is:

Answer 46

Vocalese

Question 47

Who were the two pioneers of scat singing?

Answer 47

``` King Pleasure (Clarence Beak) Eddie Jefferson ```

Question 48

Who are two practitioners of Vocalese?

Answer 48

Karrin Allyson | Kurt Elling

Question 49

Who was included in the first vocalese group? (3 people)

Answer 49

Dave Lambert John Hendricks Annie Ross

Question 50

This group was a four part vocal group which included 1 female and 3 males

Answer 50

Singers Unlimited

Question 51

Which was the first international four part jazz group which branched off to perform pop influenced tunes

Answer 51

Manhattan transfer

Question 52

This group is the most accomplisehd in the present day and will perform with instruments and acapella

Answer 52

New York Voices

Question 53

This group has a highly gospel influence and is a sextet of all males

Answer 53

Take 6

Question 54

This group is a professional acapella group from Sweden and includes 5 people (2 women and 3 men)

Answer 54

The Real Group

Question 55

Name 4 ensemble orchestras

Answer 55

Clayton-Hamilton Jazz Orchestra Lincoln Center Jazz Orchestra Chicago Jazz Orchestra Los Angeles Jazz Orchestra Unlimited

Question 56

This trumpet player got a slow start to his career because he was in Wynton Marsalis' shadow, but he became an active film composer and has scored a lot of Spike Lee movies

Answer 56

Terrance Blanchard

Question 57

This bass player was the jazz music director of the hollywood bowl

Answer 57

Christian McBride

Question 58

This piano player is a Jazz piano prfoessor at UCLA

Answer 58

Tamir Hendelman

Question 59

This guitarist used to be a jazz guitar professor at UCLA, but now is currently the guitarist in Diana Crawl's band

Answer 59

Anthony Wilson

Question 60

The trumpet player who performed with the Thelonius Monk Institute was ____. Who was the singer?

Answer 60

Terrell Stafford | Lisa Henry