1
Q
Principal of Locality
A
Temporal
Spatial
2
Q
Temporal Locality
A
- Items accessed recently are likely to be accessed again soon.
- Instructions in a loop, induction variables
3
Q
Spatial
A
- Items near
4
Q
SRAMS
A
integrated circuits that are memory arrays
5
Q
DRAMS
A
Data stored as a charge in a capacitor
6
Q
DRAM Perfomance factors
A
- Row buffer
- Synchronous DRAM
- DRAM banking
7
Q
Flash storage
A
novolatile semicondoctor storage… smaller, lower power, more robust
8
Q
Flash types
A
NOR flash
NAND flash
9
Q
Disk storage
A
nonvolatile, rotating magnetic storage
10
Q
Disk performance issues
A
- manufacturers quote average seek time
- smart disk controller allocate physical sectors on disk
- disk drives include caches
11
Q
cache memory
A
the level of the memory hierarchy closest to the CPU
12
Q
due to spatial locality
A
larger blocks should reduce miss rate
13
Q
Fixed-sized cache
A
larger blocks -> fewer of them, more competition -> increased miss rate
14
Q
What happens on cache miss
A
- stall cpu pipeline
- fetch block from next level of hierarchy
- instruction cache miss
- data cache miss
CECS 341
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