Final - Alpha Agonists

Question 1

Clonidine

• use
• SE

Answer 1

Lowers IOP well

Sedation, systemic hypotension
-narrow therapeutic index

Question 2

Apraclonidine

• hydrophilic or phobic and importance
• MOA

Answer 2

Philic = does not penetrate eyes and BBB, more alpha2 selective, wide therapeutic index

Decr aqueous production
Improves trabecular outflow
Decr EVP

Question 3

Apraclondine

-uses

Answer 3

FDA app to prevent post-laser tx spikes in IOP

Adjunctive therapy (TID)

Question 4

Brimonidine

• type
• MOA
• peak effectiveness

Answer 4

Highly alpha 2 selective

Reduces aqueous outflow

Peak = 2 hours
-effect present at lower amount in 8 hours = TID dosing

Question 5

Brimonidine

-uses

Answer 5

Prophylactic - avoid post-laser IOP spike

Primary/secondary therapy for glaucoma, OHT

Question 6

Brimonidine

• contraindications
• SEs

Answer 6

Allergy
Pts taking MAOIs

Conj follicles, ocular allergic rxns, ocular pruritis (itch)
HA, blurring, FBS, fatigue/drowsiness
Oral dryness
Ocular hyperemia, burning, stinging

Question 7

Combigan

• what it is
• dosing

Answer 7

Brimonidine + Timolol

BID

Question 8

Cosopt

• what it is
• dosing

Answer 8

Dorzolamide + Timolol

BId