Final Exam

Question 1

endocrine glands

Question 2

pituitary gland

Question 3

gonadotropic hormones

Question 4

primary sex characteristics

Question 5

secondary sex characteristics

Question 6

menarche

Question 7

secular trend

Question 8

follicular phase

Question 9

luteal phase

Question 10

menses

Question 11

proliferative phase

Question 12

secretory phase

Question 13

LH

Question 14

FSH

Question 15

estrogen

Question 16

progesterone

Question 17

semenarche

Question 18

12-13 year olds show a range of sexual maturation from stages ___ - ___

Answer 18

stages 1 - 5

Question 19

girls who develop earlier…

Answer 19

• tend to skew with older peers
• don’t have any more problems with self-esteem or academics than other girls do

Question 20

the earlier boys develop…

Answer 20

• the more positive their body image is
• the better they do in school

Question 21

Tanner’s 1st stage of puberty - breast development

Answer 21

no change except for some elevation of the nipple

Question 22

Tanner’s 2nd stage of puberty - breast development

Answer 22

breast bud stage:
- elevation of breast and the nipple as a small mound
- areolar diameter increases compared with stage 1

Question 22

Tanner’s 3rd stage of puberty - breast development

Answer 22

• breast and areola both enlarge and elevate more than in stage 2
• but no separation of their contours

Question 23

Tanner’s 4th stage of puberty - breast development

Answer 23

areola and nipple form a secondary mound projecting above the contour of the breast

Question 23

Tanner's 1st stage of puberty - male genital development

Answer 23

testes, scrotum, and penis are all about the same size and shape as in early childhood

Question 24

Tanner's 5th stage of puberty - breast development

Answer 24

mature stage: - only the nipple projects - areola recessed to the general contour of the breast

Question 25

Tanner's 2nd stage of puberty - male genital development

Answer 25

- scrotum and testes are slightly enlarged - skin of the scrotum reddens and changes texture - little or no enlargement of the penis

Question 26

Tanner's 3rd stage of puberty - male genital development

Answer 26

- penis slightly enlarged, at first mainly in length - tests and scrotum are further enlarged - first ejaculation

Question 27

Tanner's 4th stage of puberty - male genital development

Answer 27

- penis further enlarged - growth in breadth and development of glans - tests and scrotum further enlarged - scrotum skin still

Question 28

Tanner's 5th stage of puberty - male genital development

Answer 28

genitalia achieve adult size and shape

Question 29

brain - major growth spurt (13 - 15)

Answer 29

- cerebral cortex becomes thicker - neuronal pathways become more efficient

Question 30

brain - major growth spurt (17 - early adulthood

Answer 30

- frontal lobes of the cerebral cortex develop - affects decision making

Question 31

skeletal system changes

Answer 31

- hands and feet grow a little bit faster - jaw moves forward - forehead becomes more prominent - muscle fibres become thicker and denser - heart and lungs increased considerably in size - heart rate drops

Question 32

skeletal system changes - girls

Answer 32

- body fat increases - muscle decreases - attain most of adult height by age 16

Question 33

skeletal system changes - boys

Answer 33

- grow until they are 18-20 years old