What is Herzberg’s Motivation Hygiene (Two-Factor) Theory?
- Motivators - job satisfiers
- Hygiene - job dissatisfiers or maintenance factors
- Existence of a dual continuum - satisfaction vs no satisfaction and dissatisfaction vs no dissatisfaction
- One’s hygiene is another’s motivator
What is McClelland’s Need Theory?
- Needs are learned or acquired by the kinds of events people experience in their environment and culture
- People who acquire a particular need behave differently from those who do not.
What is McGregor’s Participation Theory
- Two distinct views of human being - Theory X and Theory Y
- Theory X and Theory Y are two extremes that no organizational man would belong to.
- In reality, he/she shares the traits of both, man swings from one set of properties to the other with changes in his mood and motives in a changing environment.
What is Urwick’s Theory Z?
- Two Propositions:
–> Each individual should know the organizational goals precisely and the amount of contribution through his efforts towards these goals
–> Each individual should also know that the relation of organizational goals is going to satisfy his/her needs positively - Those two propositions make people ready to behave positively to accomplish both organizational and individual goals.
- Based on four postulates:
–> Strong bond between Organization and Employees
–> Employee Participation and Involvement
–> No Formal Organization Structure
–> Human Resource
What is Argyris’s Theory?
- Based on the proposition of how management practices affect individual behaviour and growth.
- In his view, the seven changes taking place in an individual personality make him/her a mature one
- In other words, the personality of an individual develops over time
What is Porter and Lawler’s Expectancy Theory?
- The main point in this model is that effort or motivation does not lead directly to performance
- It is intact, mediated by abilities and traits and by role perceptions
- Ultimately, performance leads to satisfaction
What are Social Marketing Campaigns?
Social Marketing Campaigns are those that borrow from commercial marketing techniques for the purpose of social engagement-influencing a target audience to change their behaviours to benefit society
What is Vroom’s motivation (expectancy) theory?
- Cognitive process theory of motivation.
- Founded on the basic notion that people will be motivated to exert a high level of effort when they believe there are relationships between the effort they put forth, the performance they achieve, and the outcomes/rewards they receive.
What is the equation and the variables of Vroom’s Expectancy Theory?
- Motivational force = Expectancy x Instrumentality x Valence
- (E) expectancy - the effort will lead to the intended performance
- (I) instrumentality - performance in achieving a certain result
- (V) valence - the desirability of the result to the individual
What is Social Media Marketing?
- It seeks to develop and integrate marketing concepts with other approaches to influence behaviours that benefit individuals and communities for the greater social good.
- Borrows the lessons and methods perfected by the commercial sector to affect public behaviour and learning!
- The primary difference between social and commercial marketing is related only to their content and objectives!
What is Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, Top to Bottom?
Self-fulfillment needs:
–> Self Actualization - achieving one’s full potential, including creative activities
Psychological needs:
–> Esteem Needs - Prestige and feeling of accomplishment
–> Belongingness and love needs - intimate relationships, friends
Basic Needs:
–> Safety Needs - security, safety
–> Physiological needs - food, water, warmth, rest
What is Motivation and it’s importance to Awareness and Training?
- The processes that account for an individual’s intensity, direction and persistence of effort toward attaining a goal
- The importance of Motivation in Awareness and Training is to get buy-in
What are the Key Elements of Motivation?
- Intensity: How hard a person tries
- Direction: Toward a beneficial goal
- Persistence: How long a person tries
What is the main purpose of awareness presentations?
Main purpose of a presentation is to give information, to persuade the audience to act and to create goodwill.
What is the difference between Awareness, Training, and Education?
- The difference between training and awareness is that training seeks to teach skills, which allow a person to perform a specific function, while awareness seeks to focus an individual’s attention on an issue or set of issues.
- Training makes sure people at different levels of engagement have the right knowledge to execute their roles securely
- Awareness makes sure all people at all levels know what to look out for
- Education integrates all of the skills and competencies of the various functional specialties into a common body of knowledge and strives to produce specialists and professionals capable of vision and proactive response
What is Professional Development?
Intended to ensure that users, from beginners to career professionals, possess the required level of knowledge and competence necessary for their roles.
What is a Training needs Assessment?
- Training Needs Assessment (TNA) is the method of determining if a training need exists, if it does, what training is required to fill that gap
- Training Needs = Desired Capability - Current Capability of Participants
What is the Learning Continuum?
Starts with awareness, builds to training, and evolves into education
What is the First Step of the Performance Improvement Process?
The first step of the performance improvement process is the training needs assessment
What are the 4 P’s of Social Marketing?
Product, Price, Place, Promotion
What is a Syllabus?
Both a document about the program content, goals, and elements and a guide for participants to the kind of teaching and learning they can expect.
What is a Summative Assessment?
It is a form of assessment of learning where participants are evaluated upon completion of the work and the focus is on the final product
What are the three types of Learning Assessments?
- Assessment FOR Learning - occurs throughout the learning process
- Assessment AS Learning - focuses on participants and emphasizes assessment as a process of metacognition for participants
- Assessment OF Learning - strategies designed to confirm what participants know.
What is the difference between Social Media and Social Marketing?
- Social Media is a platform
- Social Marketing uses traditional marketing for a cause
