1
Q
Lower frequency = increase ____ and decreased _____
A
penetration and resolution
2
Q
Superficial to deep structures seen in MSK
A
skin
subq fat
muscle
bursae
tendon
cartilage
bone
3
Q
Appearance: bone
A
hyperechoic
4
Q
Appearance: cartilage
A
anechoic
5
Q
Appearance: tendon
A
echogenic
6
Q
Appearance: bursae
A
anechoic
7
Q
Appearance: muscle
A
speckles echoes/ bands, bundles
8
Q
Appearance: synovium
A
hypoechoic
9
Q
Appearance: capsule
A
hypoechoic
10
Q
Appearance: ligament
A
hypoechoic
11
Q
Appearance: nerves
A
honeycomb
12
Q
What is the normal size of bursae
A
less than 2mm
13
Q
Tendon footprint includes ____ and ____
A
conformity and uniformity
14
Q
Artifacts in MSK
A
anisotrophy, comets tail, foreign body shadowing
15
Q
Most common artifact in MSK
A
anisotrophy
16
Q
Anisotrophy is _______ dependent
A
directionally
17
Q
The 1cm avascular area prox to the greater tuberosity
A
critical zone
18
Q
Where 90% of rotator cuff pathology occurs
A
critical zone
19
Q
Rotator cuff muscles
A
- subscapularis
- supraspinatus
- infraspinatus
- teres minor
20
Q
bones of shoulder
A
- scapula
- clavicle
- humerus
21
Q
Normal supraspinatus thickness
A
6mm
22
Q
Pt position for supraspinatus
A
modified crass
23
Q
Probe position for supraspinatus
A
long @ 2
trans @ 10
on shoulder cap
24
Q
Trans supraspinatus Appearance
A
tire on wheel
25
long supraspinatus Appearance
beak
26
Types of tears
bursal, artucular, intratendinous, PASTA, full thickness
27
PASTA stand for....
partial articular supraspinatus tendon avulsion
28
Biceps tendon pt position
modified crass then hand on lap with palm up
29
Probe position for biceps tendon
trans @9
long @12
fron of shoulder
30
Normal bicep tendon thickness
<5mm
31
Prox bicep tendon tear aka
popeye muscle
32
Distal bicep tendon tear aka
reverse popeye sign
33
infraspinatus pt position
arm adducted with internal rotation
34
probe position for infraspinatus
long @8 on posterior/lateral shoulder
35
bones of elbow
1. humerus
2. radius
3. ulna
36
Tendons of elbow
1. lateral
2. posterior
3. medial
37
Which elbow tendon is associated with tennis elbow
lateral
38
Which elbow tendon is associated with golfers elbow
medial
39
Nerves of elbow/wrist
1. median
2. radial
3. ulnar
40
Antecubital fossa pt position
supine, arm bent, palm up
41
What structures are in the 'pyramid'
biceps, brachioradialis, brachialism pronator teres, radial head, ulnar notch
42
Triceps tendon pt position
crawling crab
43
probe position for triceps tendon
marker @12, probe on elbow tip
44
Pt position for wrist (median nerve)
arm rested on pillow, relaxed
45
Probe position for wrist
trans @9 on radial side then move up 12cm (4.7inches)
46
What muscle is the median never superficial and medial to
flexor pollicis longus
47
Carpal tunnel equation
prox nerve diameter / distal nerve diameter
48
> ____ is positive for carpal tunnel
1.4
49
Dorsal
back of hand
50
ventral
front of hand
51
Are ganglion cysts more common on ventral or dorsal side?
dorsal
52
What is the sticking and stop and go feeling in the thumb?
Dequervians Tenosynovitis
53
What are rope like cords in the palm that pull fingers to the hand?
Dupuyrens contracture
54
Quad muscles
1. rectus femoris
2. vastus lateralis
3. vastus medialis
4. vastus intermedius
55
Quad / patellar tendon pt position
supine with knee bent
56
Quad / patellar tendon probe position
long @12
trans @9
probe touching knee cap
57
Normal patellar tendon thickness
3-3.4mm
58
What tendon is affected with jumpers knee?
patellar
59
Where is osgood-sclatters located
deep infrapatellar bursa
60
What conditions occur in the subc bursae
housemaids and vicars knee
61
Pop fossa / bakers cyst pt position
prone/ frog legged
62
Pop fossa / bakers cyst probe position
trans @9
63
What vessels are interogated in the pop fossa
Pop artery, pop vein, gastrocs, LSV
64
What must be demonstrated in a vascular assessment?
compressibility and flow
65
Bakers cyst pain is similar to....
DVT, Popliteal artery aneurysm, occlusion
66
Bakers cyst results from....
arthritis, tear, injury
67
Bakers cyst are on the ____ side of the pop fossa
medial
68
What feature do all bakers cyst have?
distinct neck of origin with synovial cavity
69
Where does the sciatic nerve course?
through piriformis muscle and down posterior thigh
70
branches of sciatic nerve
tibial and peroneal
71
Which branch of the sciatic nerve is more medial
tibial
72
causes of sciatica
piriformis syndrome
hip degeneration
spinal disc herniation
73
Hip level compression of sciatic nerve is called....
piriformis syndrome
74
Achilles tendon connects these 3 muscles
1. plantaris
2. gastrocs
3. soleus
75
Length of recovery for achilles tendon tear
12-16 months
76
Where do achilles tendon tears occur
6-7cm prox to insertion
77
Normal achilled tendon thickness
5.5-6.5mm
78
Pt position for achilles tendon
prone
79
Probe position for achilles tendon
long @12
trans @9
80
U/S Guidance you must be ____ to the probe
parallel
81
Pelvis bones
1. illium
2. ischium
3. pubis
82
Capsular ligaments
1. iliofemoral
2. ischiofemoral
3. pubofemoral
83
Strongest capsular ligament
iliofemoral
84
Abdominal muscles attach to
iliac crest
85
Tensor fascia lata and sartorius attach to
ASIS
86
Rectus femoris attach to
AIIS
87
Gmed and Gmin attach to
greater trochanter
88
iliopsoas attach to
lesser trochanter
89
hamstrings attach to
ischial tuberosity
90
adductors attach to
pubic bone
91
Causes of hip joint effusion
trauma, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, infection
92
The femoral neck to the edge of the joint capsule is known as the
capsulsynovial distance
93
Abnormal capsulsynovial distance for adult
>7mm
94
Abmormal capsulsynovial distance for child
>5mm
95
Abnormal capsulsynovial distance difference
>2mm
96
Abnormal capsulsynovial fluid
>2mm
97
most common cause of hip pain in children ages 2-5
transient synovitis
98
Test to diagnose tight IT band
obers test
99
sensory branch of lumbar plexus
LFCN
MSK
flashcards
Decks in class (7)
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