Western Civ > FINAL EXAM! > Flashcards

FINAL EXAM! Flashcards

(55 cards)

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1
Q

2 important provisions within the Magna Carta

A

Protection for the barons from illegal imprisonment and new taxation only with baronial consent and limitations on scutage

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2
Q

By 1215 the Mongols had conquered most of China under their powerful leader…

A

Genghis Khan

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3
Q

Who was the most famous of the Venetian merchants

A

Marco Polo

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4
Q

Name the great plague that ends in 1352 with the deaths of 1/3 to 3/5’s of the European population

A

the Black Death

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5
Q

What French peasant girl turned the long-standing Anglo-French conflict into a religious war

A

Joan of Arc

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6
Q

The Renaissance originated in what Italian city

A

Florence

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7
Q

Define the Colombian Exchange

A

The movement of peoples, animals, plants, manufactured goods, precious metals, and diseases between Europe, America, and Africa

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8
Q

What were Martin Luther’s 2 major issues with the church

A

Salvation and Indulgences

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9
Q

Pope Paul III created a new priest order to combat the Protestants and to convert the heathens to Christianity. What was this new order of priest called

A

The Jesuits

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10
Q

What was the name of one of the most influential royal houses of Europe

A

the House of Habsburgs

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11
Q

What were the French Calvinists called

A

Huguenots

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12
Q

In response to the execution of the Catholic Monarch, Mary Queen of Scots, Philip II of Spain…

A

sent the famous Spanish Armada to crush England

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13
Q

Name the king who was an ardent believer in the divine right of kings and will create a system of absolute monarchical rule

A

Louis XIV

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14
Q

Define absolutism

A

a system of government in which the ruler claims sole and uncontestable power

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15
Q

Define mercantilism

A

governments must intervene to increase national wealth by whatever means possible

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16
Q

Name given to those who fought for Parliament

A

roundheads

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17
Q

Name given to those who fought for the king

A

Cavaliers

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18
Q

The Cromwellian Rump Parliament then abolished the monarchy and the House of Lords and set up a Puritan Republic known as the

A

Commonwealth of England

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19
Q

John Locke argued that the Governments only purpose was to protect what

A

protect life, liberty, and property

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20
Q

Define Mestizo

A

a person born to a Spanish father and a native mother

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21
Q

Define Peninsular

A

those born in Spain

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22
Q

Define Creoles

A

born in America of Spanish parents

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23
Q

Explain the strategic importance of the creation of the Bank of England

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A

enabled the government to raise money at low interest for foreign wars

24
Q

What city symbolized Russia’s opening to the West

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A

St. Petersburg

25
What were the 2 central doctrines of the Enlightenment philosophers
individual liberty and religious tolerance
26
What were the 3 main reasons for immigration to the New World
economic, political, and religious freedom
27
Who were the executive authority in the colonies, tasked with carrying out the kings instructions
Royal governors
28
List the 4 Coercive Acts
Boston Port Act, Massachusetts Government Act, Impartial Administration of Justice Act, and Quartering Act
29
The Second Continental Congress issues a Declaration of Independence on what day
July 4, 1776
30
A body of deputies from the three estates or order
The Estates General
31
What the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen proclaimed
men are born and remain free and equal in rights
32
What are the slogans and values that will define the French revolution
Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity
33
What is the 2nd Century BC artifact that will unlock the lost ancient Egyptian culture
The Rosetta Stone
34
The objective of the Congress was to provide a long term peace plan for Europe by settling critical issues arising from the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars
The Congress of Vienna
35
What was America's reaction to the political instability in South America during the 1820's was
The Monroe Doctrine
36
The key industry that drove the development of the Industrial Revolution
Textile Industry
37
A Scottish engineer, who developed an efficient steam engine in 1776
James Watt
38
Urbanization
the growth of towns and cities due to the movement on people from rural to urban areas
39
a people derive their identities from their nations the most potent of all the new ideologies
Nationalism
40
Karl Marx and his philosophy of Communism and how it differed with socialism
Central argument was class struggle
41
Causes of WWI
Nationalism Imperialism Imperial rivalries Entangling Alliances Militarism Germany's rise as a world power
42
reasons for American involvement
Economic Unrestricted Submarine Warfare Anti-German propaganda
43
what clause (provision) forced Germany to accept responsibility for the war. In doing so Germany was forced to pay what
War Guilt Clause, Reparations (war damages)
44
NAZI
National Socialist German Workers Party
45
Results of the failed Putsch
The trial publicity makes Hitler a national figure He writes Mein Kampf He decides to take power legally
46
Western Democracies policy of what or accepting Hitler's demands in order to avoid conflict
Appeasement
47
Hitler invades Poland and WWII begins
September 1, 1939
48
Who was known as the Desert Fox
Field Marshall Erwin Rommel
49
For Hitler the temptations for invasion of Russia were too great
It's the heart of Communism It's where lebensraum is to be found It's home to the largest Jewish population in the world
50
The US will give $46 billion in aid
Lend-Lease
51
The Axis powers
Germany- Adolf Hitler Italy- Benito Mussolini Japan- Hideki Tojo
52
The Allied powers
America- FDR England- Winston Churchill Soviet Union (Russia)- Joseph Stalin These 3 will collectively be known as the Big 3 China
53
D-Day Allies invade Normandy in France
June 6,1944 Operation Overlord
54
What conference is considered a "sellout" by FDR
The Yalta Conference
55
Death Camps (know 4)
Auschwitz, Belzec, Chelmno, Sobibor, Majdanek, Treblinka, Dachau, and Mauthausen
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