Final Exam Misc.

Question 1

secondary adverse reaction

Answer 1

additional to the desired effect

-eg. antihistamines make you drowsy

Question 2

cytotoxic effect

Answer 2

• attack and lysis of the cell that has the drug -on it

- causes drug-induced hemolytic anemia

Question 3

serum sickness

Answer 3

caused by body reacting to antibodies combining with the drug
-lyme disease

Question 4

delayed reaction

Answer 4

time-lapse between taking the drug and adverse reactions

-eg. poison ivy

Question 5

labs for antifungals

Answer 5

ALT and AST… liver labs

Question 6

causes and s/s of disulfiram-like reactions

Answer 6

• disulfiram = Antabuse
• taking metronidazole with alcohol
• s/s: n/v, flushing, tachy, shortness of breath… problem with CO until proven otherwise

Question 7

problem with any antineoplastic agent that starts with a “d”, like “doxyrubicin”

Answer 7

bad effects on the heart

• check for hypertrophy
• causes mouth sores

Question 8

SIADH

Answer 8

• syndrome of inappropriate ADH
• too much ADH causes extreme fluid retention
• patient will need a diuretic

Question 9

how to draw up insulin

Answer 9

1. put air in the intermediate
2. put air in the rapid
3. draw up the rapid
4. draw up the intermediate

Question 10

most dangerous side effect of SSRIs

Answer 10

fever- hypertensive crisis

Question 11

where are alpha 1 receptors located

Answer 11

eyes, salivary glands, GI/ GU sphincters, arterioles

Question 12

where are alpha 2 receptors located?

Answer 12

smooth muscle, NMJ synapse

Question 13

where are beta 1 receptors located?

Answer 13

heart, brain, kidneys

Question 14

where are beta 2 receptors located?

Answer 14

smooth muscle, bronchioles, liver, uterus

Question 15

side effects of all beta blockers

Answer 15

problems with heart and lungs

Question 16

treating angina

Answer 16

MONA- morphine, oxygen, nitroglycerin, aspirin

Question 17

drugs that treat problems with afterload

Answer 17

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors

Question 18

antidote to warfarin

Answer 18

vitamin K

Question 19

labs for warfarin

Answer 19

PT and INR

Question 20

antidote to enoxaprin

Answer 20

protamine sulfate

Question 21

labs for enoxaprin and heparin

Answer 21

PTT

Question 22

definition of infertility

Answer 22

diagnosed after at least one year of regular unprotected intercourse

Question 23

assessments for clomiphene

Answer 23

• has it been long enough to consider the pt infertile?

- is there ovarian function? (test by checking estradiol levels in the urine)

Question 24

clomiphene is known for…

Answer 24

• having a baby that is anencephalic
• gastroschisis- bowel is outside the body cavity when they are born
• having a litter

Question 25

where do osmotic diuretics work

Answer 25

before the glomerulus

Question 26

where do carbonic anhydrase inhibitors work?

Answer 26

descending loop of Henle

Question 27

where do loop diuretics work?

Answer 27

in the ascending loop of Henle

Question 28

where do potassium-sparing diuretics work?

Answer 28

in the DCT

Question 29

where do thiazide diuretics work?

Answer 29

in the DCT

Question 30

s/s of UTI... bladder vs kidney infection

Answer 30

- bladder: urinary frequency and urgency, burning on urination - kidney: chills, fever, flank pain and tenderness (associated with pyelonephritis)

Question 31

- what chemotherapeutic agent causes hemorrhagic cystitis? | - what protects against it?

Answer 31

- cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) | - Mesna

Question 32

location of M1 receptors

Answer 32

ENS and CNS

Question 33

location of M2 receptors

Answer 33

heart

Question 34

location of M3 receptors

Answer 34

eyes, exocrine glands, lungs, GI/GU

Question 35

Anticholinergic 4 aunties

Answer 35

antipsychotics, antihistamines, antidepressants, antiparkinsons

Question 36

rebound acidity

Answer 36

chronic use of antacids will tell the stomach to produce more acid, then you take more meds, which makes the stomach think its needs to produce even more, etc..

Question 37

teaching for pts on oral contraceptives

Answer 37

- no protection against STDs - 1 pill missed: take 2 the next morning - 2 pills missed: take 2 for the next 2 mornings - 3 pills missed: all hope is lost and you have to start a new pack 7 days after the last pill was taken

Question 38

rapid acting insulin

Answer 38

aspart (Novolog) | lispro (Humalog)

Question 39

short acting insulin

Answer 39

regular (Humulin R)

Question 40

intermediate acting insulin

Answer 40

NPH (Humulin N)

Question 41

long acting insulin

Answer 41

glargine (Lantus)

Question 42

assessments for levothyroxin

Answer 42

- s/e: insomnia, weight loss, heat intolerance | - therapeutic effects: decline in TSH levels

Question 43

diabetes insipidus

Answer 43

- polyuria (pee a lot of dilute urine) and polydipsia (very thirsty) - DO NOT experience polyphasia (starving) like with DM - can be a problem with pituitary gland - opposite of SIADH