1
Q
How do you measure the seat depth and width for a wheelchair?
A
- seat depth you measure from posterior buttocks to the popliteal fossa and minus 2 inches
- seat width you measure the widest part of the buttocks, hips, or thighs and add 2 inches
2
Q
What are the standard WC measurements?
A
- seat height: 19.5 - 20.5 inches
- back height: 16 -16.5 inches
- seat depth: 16 inches
- seat width: 18 inches
- armrest height: 9 inches
3
Q
Result of a high seat
A
- difficulty getting legs under a table
- insufficient trunk support
4
Q
Result of a low seat
A
- impaired transfers
5
Q
Result of high footplates
A
- increased pressure on the ischial tuberosities
- difficulty getting legs under a table
6
Q
Result of low footplates
A
- pressure on distal thighs
- unsafe WC mobility
7
Q
Result of long seat depth
A
- pressure on popliteal area
- decreased circulation
8
Q
Result of short seat depth
A
- decreased trunk stability and sitting balance
9
Q
Result of wide width
A
- difficulty with propulsion
- difficulty with narrow doors and entryways
10
Q
Result of narrow width
A
- difficulty with changing positions
- pressure on lateral hip
11
Q
Result of high back height
A
- difficulty with propulsion
- skin irritation
12
Q
Result of low back height
A
- decreased trunk stability
- increased postural deviations
13
Q
What is the procedure to measure a patient for a wheelchair
A
- lay the patient supine and measurements in a 90-90-90 degree position
14
Q
Describe a standard wheelchair
A
- <200 lbs
- limited use on rough surfaces
- not designed for vigorous activities
15
Q
Describe a heavy duty wheelchair
A
- > 200 lbs
- can be used for vigorous activites
16
Q
Describe a ultralight wheelchair
A
- 300 lbs
- light weight
- more efficient propulsion
17
Q
Describe a posterior axle position
A
- moves COG anterior to axle making it more stable
- more difficult to push
18
Q
Describe an anterior axle position
A
- moves COG over the axle and unweights the front of the chair
19
Q
Define constant attendance
A
- 1:1 application
- billed in 15 minute increments
- you are always there and giving cues or changing parameters
20
Q
Define supervised modality
A
- billed only 1x per treatment
- setting up a modality and leaving it to run
21
Q
What is the AMPAC
A
- activity measure for post acute care
- basic mobility domain: bed mobility, sit to stand/stand to sit, supine to sit, seated transfer, ambulation, and ascending stairs
22
Q
What is the care tool
A
- measures independence level with ADL’s
- 6 is independent, 5 setup or cleanup assistance, 4 supervision or touching assistance, 3 partial/moderate assistance, 2 substantial/maximal assistance, 1 dependent
23
Q
ABCDEF parts of a goal
A
- A: audience
- B: behavior
- C: condition
- D: degree
- E: expected duration
- F: functional
24
Q
What are the stages of the temporal sequence
A
- initial condition: posture, ability to interact with environment, and environmental context
- preparation: stimulus identification, response selection, and response programing
- initiation: timing, direction, and smoothness
- execution: amplitude, direction, speed, and smoothness
- termination: timing, stability, accuracy
- outcome: outcome achieved
25
Define NWB (non-weight bearing status)
- foot does not touch ground
26
Define TTWB (toe touch weight bearing status)
- foot contacts ground for balance only or up to 20% of body weight
27
Define PWB (partial weight bearing status)
- 20%-50% of body weight
28
Define WBAT (weight bearing as tolerated status)
- limited only by patient tolerance >50%
29
Define FWB (full weight bearing status)
- no restriction 100%
30
Define independent
- no assistance or supervision needed
31
Define mod independent
- requires an assistive device
32
Define supervision/stand by assistance/close guarding
- multimodal cues but not touching
33
Define contact guard assist
- touching assist for safety
34
Define minimum assistance
- patient does 75% or more
- PT does 25% or less
35
Define moderate assistance
- patient does 50%-74%
- PT does 26%-50%
36
Define maximum assistance
- patient does 25%-49%
- PT does 51%-75%
37
Define dependent
- patient requires total physical assistance from one or more persons to accomplish the task safely
38
How often do you reposition a patient if in a hospital bed
- every 2 hours
39
How often do you reposition a patient if seated in a wheelchair
- every 15-30 minutes
40
What are the common areas for pressure wounds
- sacrum
- ischial tuberosity
- greater trochanter
- heels
- lateral malleolus
- elbow
- occiput
41
Define mobility
- having the available ROM and strength to perform a task
42
Define stability or static postural control
- the ability to maintain a static steady position in weight bearing
43
Define controlled mobility or dynamic postural control
- the ability to maintain a dynamic posture in weight bearing
44
Describe a 4 point gait pattern
- 2 devices required
- 1st assistive device, opposite leg, 2nd assistive device, and other leg
45
Describe a 3 point gait pattern
- requires 2 devices or rolling walker
- effected leg and both devices then unaffected leg
46
Describe a 2 point gait pattern
- requires 1 device
- device and effected leg move together then unaffected leg
47
What are the 5 general contraindications for application of all biophysical agents
- pregnancy over the fetus
- malignancy over tumor
- pacemaker over directly
- impaired sensation
- impaired mentation/cognition
48
Non thermal effects of ultrasound
- tissue healing
- bone healing
- no heat
49
Contraindications for ultrasound
- pregnancy
- malignant tumor
- CNS tissue
- joint cement
- plastic components
- pacemaker
- thrombophlebitis
- eyes
- reproductive organs
- impaired cognition
- impaired mentation
50
Ultrasound parameters for thermal
- 100% duty cycle
- 3 MHz for superficial muscle starting at 0.5 intensity
- 1 MHz for deep muscle starting at 1.5 intensity
- 5-10 minutes
51
Ultrasound parameters for non-thermal
- 20% duty cycle
- 3MHz for superficial muscle and 1MHz for deep muscle
- start at 0.5 intensity
- 5-10 minutes
52
Define phonophoresis
- uses sound energy to drive medications into a patient's skin
- transports whole molecules
53
Define iontophoresis
- uses electrical current to drive medications into a patient's skin
- transports ions
54
Iontophoresis parameters
- direct current
- 0-4 mA per minute amplitude
- min dosage = 40 mA-min and max dosage = 80 mA-min
55
E-stim parameters with the goal of tissue healing
- HVPC current
- negative polarity for inflammatory phase/infection and positive polarity for proliferation/clean
- 60-125 pulse frequency
- 40-100 pulse duration
- amplitude is a comfortable tingle
- 45-60 minutes continuous for 3-7 days per week
56
E-stim for edema control from inflammation
- HVPC current
- negative polarity
- 100-120 pulse frequency
- 40-100 pulse duration
- amplitude is a comfortable tingle
- 20-30 minutes
57
E-stim for edema control due to lack of motion
- biphasic or Russian current
- 35-50 pulse frequency
- 2-5 sec equal on:off times
- 150-350 pulse duration
- amplitude is a visible contraction
- 20-30 minutes
58
E-stim parameters for cenventional TENS/high rate
- acute pain
- 100-150 pulse frequency
- 50-80 pulse duration
- amplitude is to produce tingling
- no set time
- uses gate control mechanism
59
E-stim parameters for low rate/acupucture like
- chronic pain
- 2-10 pulse frequency
- 200-300 pulse duration
- amplitude is a visible contraction
- 20-30 minutes
- uses endorphin release mechanism
60
E-stim parameters for muscle strengthening
- 35-80 pulse frequency
- 125-300 pulse duration 125-200 for small muscle
- amplitude is >10% of injured and >50% of non-injured
- 6-10 sec on and 50-120 sec off 1:5 ratio
- 2 sec ramp time
- 10-20 minutes to produce 10-20 reps
- every 2-3 hours when awake
61
E-stim parameters for muscle reeducation
- 35-50 pulse frequency
- 125-300 pulse duration 125-200 for small muscle
- 2 sec ramp time
62
E-stim for muscle spasm reduction
- 35-50 pulse frequency
- 125-300 pulse duration 125-200 for small muscle
- amplitude is a visible contraction
- 2-5 sec equal on:off times
- 1 sec ramp
- 10-30 minutes
- every 2-3 hours until relief
63
E-stim for edema reduction
- 35-50 pulse frequency
- 125-300 pulse duration 25-200 for small muscle
- amplitude is a visible contraction
- 2-5 sec equal on:off times
- 1 sec ramp
- 30 minutes
- 2 times a day
64
In what order are the different nerve types stimulated on the strength (amplitude) duration (pulse duration) curve from the lowest duration to highest duration
- A beta sensory
- Motor
- A delta sharp pain
- C dull pain
- denervated muscle
65
How does electrode pad placement affect electrical current depth?
- the farther apart the pads are the deep the current will reach
66
What are the stages of cryotherapy
- intense cold
- burning
- aching
- analgesia
- numbness
67
What are the contraindications for E-stim
- pregnancy
- over the carotid sinus
- over pacemaker or unstable arrhythmias
- thrombophlebitis
- allergy
68
What are the contraindications for hot pack
- recent or potential hemorrhage
- thrombophlebitis
- impaired sensation
- impaired mentation
- malignant tumor
- over the eyes
69
What are the contraindications for cryotherapy
- allergy
- Raynaud's disease
- hypersensitive/cold intolerance
- paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria
70
What re the contraindications for massage therapy
- edema
- hematoma
- impaired mental state
- cardiac decompensation
- nonunion fracture
- DVT
- immediate post op
- laceration
- skin lesions or wounds
- fever/infection
71
What are the contraindications for traction
- hyper mobility
- joint effusion
- inflammation
- when motion is contraindicated
- uncontrolled hypertension
72
Describe effleurage massage
- for the purpose of relaxation
73
Describe petrissage massage
- kneading, rolling, and squeezing of soft tissue
74
Traction parameters for initial/acute phase
- 7-9 lbs
- static hold
- 5-10 minutes
75
Traction parameters for joint distraction
- 20-29 lbs/7% of total body weight
- 15 sec hold and 15 sec relax
- 20-30 minutes
76
What is a blood bourne pathogen
- a disease transmitted through direct contact with blood
77
PPE for contact transmission
- hand hygiene
- gloves
- gown
78
PPE for droplet transmission
- hand hygiene
- face mask
- gloves
- gown
79
PPE for airborne transmission
- hand hygiene
- respirator
- gloves
80
Order of donning PPE
- hand hygiene
- don gown
- don mask
- don goggles
- don gloves
81
Order of doffing PPE
- gloves
- goggles
- gown
- mask
- hand hygiene
Theory & Practice I
flashcards
Decks in class (16)
# Cards
-
Introduction to Biophysical Agents: A Comprehensive Approach40
-
Exam I Study Guide80
-
Introduction to Electrotherapy45
-
Electrical Currents for Tissue Healing & Edema Control/Iontophoresis31
-
Electrotherapy for Pain Control & Muscle Contraction30
-
Mechanical Traction/Compression Therapy25
-
Blood Flow Restriction (BRF) Training6
-
Principles of Massage21
-
Soft Tissue Mobilization14
-
Transfers52
-
Draping, Positioning, & Bed Mobility Skills45
-
Gait & Stair Training51
-
Lines and Tubes68
-
Introduction to Wheelchairs28
-
Rehabilitation Service Comparison8
-
Final Exam Study Guide81
