1
Q
1
A
Superior Border
2
Q
2
A
Medial Border
3
Q
3
A
Lateral Border
4
Q
4
A
Superior Angle
5
Q
5
A
Inferior Angle
6
Q
6
A
Acromion Process
7
Q
7
A
Coracoid Process
8
Q
8
A
Supraspinous Fossa
9
Q
9
A
Infraspinous Fossa
10
Q
10
A
Subscapular Fossa
11
Q
11
A
Suprascapular Notch
12
Q
12
A
Supraglenoid Tubercle
13
Q
13
A
Infraglenoid Tubercle
14
Q
14
A
Spine
15
Q
15
A
Glenoid Cavity
16
Q
1
A
Acromial end
17
Q
2
A
Sternal End
18
Q
3
A
Conoid Tubercle
19
Q
1
A
Head of Humerus
20
Q
2
A
Greater Tubercle
21
Q
3
A
Lesser Tubercle
22
Q
4
A
Intertubercular Sulcus
23
Q
5
A
Deltoid Tuberosity
24
Q
6
A
Radial Groove
25
7
Coronoid Fossa
26
8
Radial Fossa
27
9
Olecranon Fossa
28
10
Medial Epicondyle
29
11
Lateral Epicondyle
30
12
Capitulum
31
13
Trochlea
32
1
Head of Radius
33
2
Radial Tuberosity
34
3
Ulnar Notch
35
4
Styloid Process
36
1
Radial Notch
37
2
Ulnar Tuberosity
38
3
Olecranon Process
39
4
Trochlear Notch
40
5
Coronoid Process
41
6
Head of Ulna
42
7
Styloid Process
43
Pisiform
44
Triquetrum
45
Lunate
46
Scaphoid
47
Hamate
48
Capitate
49
Trapezoid
50
Trapezium
51
Pollex
52
1
Illiac Fossa
53
2
Illiac Crest
54
3
Anterior Superior Illiac Spine
55
4
Anterior Inferior Illiac Spine
56
5
Posterior Superior Illiac Spine
57
6
Posterior Inferior Illiac Spine
58
7
Acetabulum
59
8
Pubic Tubercle
60
9
Pubic Crest
61
10
Pubic Symphysis
62
11
Anterior Gluteal Line
63
12
Posterior Gluteal Line
64
13
Greater Sciatic Notch
65
14
Lesser Sciatic Notch
66
15
Ischial Spine
67
16
Ischial Tuberosity
68
17
Ischial Ramus
69
18
Inferior Gluteal Line
70
19
Superior Ramus of Pubis
71
20
Obturator Foramen
72
21
Auricular Surface
73
1
Neck of Femur
74
2
Fovea Capitis
75
3
Head of Femur
76
4
Greater Trochanter
77
5
Lesser Trochanter
78
6
Intertrochanteric Crest
79
7
Intertrochanteric Line
80
8
Gluteal Tuberosity
81
9
Linea Aspera
82
10
Medial Supracondylar Line
83
11
Lateral Supracondylar Line
84
12
Intercondylar Fossa
85
13
Medial Condyle
86
14
Lateral Condyle
87
15
Medial Epicondyle
88
16
Lateral Epicondyle
89
17
Adductor Tubercle
90
18
Popliteal Surface
91
19
Patellar Surface
92
1
Medial Tibial Condyle
93
2
Lateral Tibial Condyle
94
3
Intercondylar Eminence
95
4
Tibial Tuberosity
96
5
Anterior Border
97
6
Medial Malleolus
98
7
Fibular Notch
99
1
Head of Fibula
100
2
Apex
101
3
Proximal Tibiofibular Joint
102
4
Distal Tibiofibular Joint
103
5
Lateral Malleolus
104
6
Talar Articular Surface
105
1
Calcaneus
106
2
Talus
107
3
Cuboid
108
4
Navicular
109
5
Lateral Cuneiform
110
6
Medial Cuneiform
111
7
Intermediate Cuneiform
112
1
Occipital Bone
113
2
External Occipital Protuberance; Occipital Bone
114
3
Occipital Condyles; Occipital Bone
115
4
Foramen Magnum; Occipital Bone
116
5
Parietal Bones
117
6
Temporal Bones
118
7
Zygomatic Process; Temporal Bone
119
8
Mandibular Fossa; Temporal Bone
120
9
Mastoid Process; Temporal Bone
121
10
Styloid Process; Temporal Bone
122
11
Carotid Canal; Temporal Bone
123
12
Foramen Lacerum; Temporal Bone
124
13
External Acoustic Canal; Temporal Bone
125
14
Internal Acoustic Canal; Temporal Bone
126
15
Jugular Foramen; Temporal Bone
127
16
Frontal Bone
128
17
Supraorbital Notch; Frontal Bone
129
18
Supraorbital Margin; Frontal Bone
130
19
Frontonasal Suture; Frontal Bone
131
20
Ethmoid Bone
132
21
Cribriform Plate; Ethmoid Bone
133
22
Crista Galli; Ethmoid Bone
134
23
Perpendicular Plate; Ethmoid Bone
135
24
Superior and Middle Conchae; Ethmoid Bone
136
25
Sphenoid Bone
137
26
Sella Turcica; Sphenoid Bone
138
27
Optic Canals; Sphenoid Bone
139
28
Superior Orbital Fissure; Sphenoid Bone
140
29
Inferior Orbital Fissure; Sphenoid Bone
141
30
Foramen Rotundum; Sphenoid Bone
142
31
Foramen Ovale; Sphenoid Bone
143
32
Foramen Spinosum; Sphenoid Bone
144
33
Maxillary Bones
145
34
Alveolar Processes; Maxillary Bones
146
35
Infraorbital Foramen; Maxillary Bones
147
36
Palatine Bone
148
37
Vomer Bone
149
38
Nasal Bones
150
39
Zygomatic Bones
151
40
Temporal Process; Zygomatic Bones
152
41
Mandible
153
42
Alveolar Processes; Mandible
154
43
Mandibular Symphysis; Mandible
155
44
Mandibular Ramus; Mandible
156
45
Mandibular Notch; Mandible
157
46
Condylar Process; Mandible
158
47
Coronoid Process; Mandible
159
48
Mandibular Foramen; Mandible
160
49
Mental Foramen; Mandible
161
50
Coronal Suture
162
51
Sagital Suture
163
52
Lambdoid Suture
164
53
Squamous Suture
165
11
Gluteus Maximus
166
25
Illiopsoas
167
28
Adductor Magnus
168
26
Adductor Longus
169
29
Semimembranosus
170
30
Semitendinosus
171
20
Rectus Femoris
172
22
Vastus Intermedius
173
21
Vastus Lateralis
174
23
Vastus Medialis
175
24
Sartorius
176
37-38
Lateral and Medial Head of Gastrocnemius
177
33
Tibialis Anterior
178
1
Trapezius
179
7
Deltoid
180
32
Subscapularis
181
9
Teres Minor
182
27-28
Medial and Long Head of Triceps Brachii
183
29
Latissimus Dorsi
184
8
Pectoralis Major
185
5
Pectoralis Minor
186
12
Biceps Brachii
187
26
Brachialis
188
14
Brachioradialis
189
Gluteus Maximus origin
Iliac crest, posterior gluteal line
190
Gluteus Maximus insertion
Gluteal tuberosity of the femur, iliotibial tract
191
Gluteus Maximus action
Major hip extensor
192
Psoas origin
T12 – L5 vertebrae
193
Psoas insertion
Lesser trochanter
194
Psoas action
Flexion at the hip
195
Illiacus origin
Entire surface of the iliac fossa
196
Illiacus insertion
Lesser trochanter
197
Illiacus action
Flexion at the hip
198
Adductor magnus origin
Ischial tuberosity
199
Adductor magnus insertion
Linea aspera and adductor tubercle
200
Adductor magnus action
Adduction and flexion of the hip
201
Adductor longus origin
Inferior ramus of the of the pubis
202
Adductor longus insertion
Linea asperia of femur
203
Adductor longus action
Adduction and flexion of hip
204
Biceps Femoris origin
Ishcial tuberosity and linea aspera
205
Biceps Femoris insertion
Head of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia
206
Biceps Femoris action
Flexion at the knee, extension at the hip
207
Semimembranosus origin
Ischial tuberosity
208
Semimembranosus insertion
Medial condyle of the tibia
209
Semimembranosus action
Flexion at the knee, extension at the hip
210
Semitendinosus origin
Ischial tuberosity
211
Semitendinosus insertion
Proximal medial surface of the tibia
212
Semitendinosus action
Flexion at the knee, extension at the hip
213
Rectus Femoris origin
Anterior inferior iliac spine
214
Rectus Femoris insertion
Tibial tuberosity via the patellar ligament
215
Rectus Femoris action
Extension at the knee and flexion of the hip
216
Vastus Intermedius origin
Anterior and lateral surfaces of the femur
217
Vastus Intermedius insertion
Tibial tuberosity via the patella ligament
218
Vastus Intermedius action
Extension at the knee
219
Vastus Lateralis origin
Linea aspera
220
Vastus Lateralis insertion
Tibial tuberosity via the patellar ligament
221
Vastus Lateralis action
Extension at the knee
222
Vastus Medialis origin
Linea aspera
223
Vastus Medialis insertion
Tibial tuberosity via the patella ligament
224
Vastus Medialis action
Extension at the knee
225
Sartorius origin
Anterior superior iliac spine
226
Sartorius insertion
Medial surface of the tibia
227
Sartorius action
Flexion at the knee
228
Gastrocnemius origin
Femoral condyles
229
Gastrocnemius insertion
Calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon
230
Gastrocnemius action
Plantar flexion at the ankle
231
Tibialis Anterior origin
Lateral condyle of the tibia
232
Tibialis Anterior insertion
1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform
233
Tibialis Anterior action
Dorsiflexion at the ankle
234
Levator Scapula origin
Vertebrae C1-C4
235
Levator Scapula insertion
Vertebral border of scapula
236
Levator Scapula action
Elevates scapula
237
Serratus Anterior origin
Ribs 1-9
238
Serratus Anterior insertion
Medial border of scapula
239
Serratus Anterior action
Scapula fixator
240
Trapezius origin
Nuchal ligament of the occipital bone
241
Trapezius insertion
The clavicle, scapular spine, and acromion of the scapula
242
Trapezius action
Contraction of all fibers adducts the scapula
Contraction of upper fibers elevates the scapula, contraction of lower fibers depresses the scapula
243
Deltoid origin
Scapular spine and acromial end of clavicle
244
Deltoid insertion
Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
245
Deltoid action
Abduction of arm at shoulder
246
Supraspinatus origin
Supraspinous fossa
247
Supraspinatus insertion
Greater tubercle of humerus
248
Supraspinatus action
Abduction of arm at shoulder
249
Infraspinatus origin
Infraspinous fossa
250
Infraspinatus insertion
Greater tubercle of humerus
251
Infraspinatus action
Lateral rotation
252
Subscapularis origin
Subscapular fossa of scapula
253
Subscapularis insertion
Lesser tubercle of humerus
254
Subscapularis action
Medial rotation of arm at shoulder
255
Teres Minor origin
Lateral border of scapula
256
Teres Minor insertion
Greater tubercle below insertion of infraspinatus
257
Teres Minor action
Lateral rotation of arm at the shoulder
258
Triceps Brachii origin
Lateral head – superior region of humerus,
Long head – infraglenoid tubercle
Medial head – posterior region of humerus
259
Triceps Brachii insertion
Olecranon process of the ulna
260
Triceps Brachii action
Extension at elbow
261
Latissimus Dorsi origin
Ribs 8-12, vertebrae T7-L5
262
Latissimus Dorsi insertion
Intertubercular groove of humerus
263
Latissimus Dorsi action
Extension, adduction, and medial rotation of the arm
264
Pectoralis Major origin
Clavicle, sternum and ribs 1-6
265
Pectoralis Major insertion
Intertubercular sulcus of humerus
266
Pectoralis Major action
Adduction, medial rotation, flexion at the shoulder
267
Pectoralis Minor origin
Ribs 3-5
268
Pectoralis Minor insertion
Coracoid process of scapula
269
Pectoralis Minor action
When ribs are fixed it pulls the scapula downward and forward, assists in inspiration when the scapula is fixed
270
Biceps Brachii origin
Short head - coracoid process of the scapula
Long head - supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
271
Biceps Brachii insertion
Radial tuberosity
272
Biceps Brachii action
Flexion of arm at elbow, supination of forearm
273
Brachialis origin
Anterior distal surface of humerus
274
Brachialis insertion
Coronoid process of ulna
275
Brachialis action
Major flexor at elbow
276
Brachioradialis origin
Lateral epicondyle of the humerus
277
Brachioradialis insertion
Radial styloid process
278
Brachioradialis action
Flexion of arm at elbow, supination of forearm
279
Sternocleidomastoid origin
Sternum and Clavicle
280
Sternocleidomastoid insertion
Mastoid process
281
Sternocleidomastoid action
1. Together, the produce flexion of the neck
2. Alone, each flexes head toward shoulder and rotates face to opposite side
282
Masseter origin
Zygomatic arch
283
Masseter insertion
Mandibular ramus
284
Masseter action
Elevates mandible
285
Temporalis origin
Temporal bone
286
Temporalis insertion
Coronoid process of the mandible
287
Temporalis action
Elevates mandible
288
Orbicularis Oculi origin
Medial margin of orbit
289
Orbicularis Oculi insertion
Skin around the eyelids
290
Orbicularis Oculi action
Closes eye
291
Corrugator Supercilii origin
Frontal bone
292
Corrugator Supercilii insertion
Eyebrow
293
Corrugator Supercilii action
Wrinkles eyebrows
294
Orbicularis Oris origin
Maxilla and mandible
295
Orbicularis Oris insertion
Lips
296
Orbicularis Oris action
Closes and purses lips (“kissing muscle”)
297
Buccinator origin
Alveolar processes
298
Buccinator insertion
Fibers surrounding the orbicularis oris
299
Buccinator action
Compresses cheek (the “trumpeter’s muscle”)
300
Platsyma origin
Superior thorax
301
Platsyma insertion
Mandible and skin of chee
302
Platsyma action
Tenses skin of neck and depresses mandible
303
Risorius origin
Fascia around the parotid salivary gland
304
Risorius insertion
Angle of the mouth
305
Risorius action
Draws corners of mouth to the side
306
Superior
Closer to head
307
Inferior
Closer to feet
308
Anterior
Front of the body; portion of the body that leads when walking
309
Posterior
Back of the body; Portion of the body that trails when walking
310
Ventral
Bellyside
311
Dorsal
Backside
312
Cranial
Closer to skull
313
Caudal
Further away from skull
314
Proximal
Closer to point of attachment
315
Distal
Further from point of attachment
316
Superficial
On the outside of the body
317
Deep
Closer to the inside
318
Plane
An imaginary line that runs throughout the body
319
3 Planes
1. Frontal
2. Sagittal
3. Transverse
320
Frontal plane
Divides body into anterior and posterior parts
321
Sagittal plane
Divides body into a right and left part
322
Transverse plane
Divides body into superior and inferior parts (top and bottom)
323
Midsagittal
Line that goes directly in middle and makes a perfect right and left (equal)
324
Section
Cut through an imaginary plane
325
Viscera
Organs
326
Serous membranes
Surrounds body cavities
327
Functions of serous membrane
1. Holds organs in place
2. Reduces friction so that organs move smoothly against each other
328
Parietal membrane
Lines the inside of the cavity
329
Visceral membrane
Lines the organ
330
Body cavities
1. Dorsal cavity
2. Ventral cavity
331
Dorsal cavities
1. Cranial cavity: Holds the brain
2. Spinal cavity: Holds the spine
332
Ventral cavities
1. Thoracic cavity
2. Abdominopelvic cavity
333
Peri means
Around
334
Thoracic cavities
1. Pericardial cavities: Holds the heart
2. Pleural cavities: Holds the lungs
335
What do the pleural cavities look like
There are two pleural cavities, a right and left cavity, one for each lung
336
Why are the lungs in separate compartments?
For protection, one can collapse and the other will still be healthy and functioning (same with testes)
337
What separates the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities
The diaphragm
338
Abdominopelvic is separated into:
1. Abdominal
2. Pelvic: Includes reproductive system
339
Tissue
Collections of cells and cell products that perform specific, limited function
340
Type of tissues
1. Epithelial tissue
2. Connective tissue
3. Muscle tissue
4. Neural tissue
341
Functions of epithelial tissue
1. Provides physical protection
2. Controls permeability
- It only lets specific things in and out
- Ex. Skin lets out sweat and oil, keeps out viruses
3. Provides sensation
- Sensory neurons allow us to feel
4. Produce specialized secretions (glandulas epithelium)
342
Classifications of Epithelial Cells
1. Squamous: Flat, flat nucleus
2. Cuboidal: Cube-like, round nucleus
3. Columnar: Column-like, stretched nucleus
343
Simple
One layer
344
Stratified
More than one layer
345
All cells on the basal lateral side look like
Stratified cuboidal
346
What do you look at to tell what type of epithelial cell it is
The cells on the apical side and the nucleus
347
Simple Squamous Epithelium location
Lungs
348
Simple Squamous Epithelium function
Reduces friction
349
Simple Squamous Epithelium
350
Stratified Squamous Epithelium
location
Skin
351
Stratified Squamous Epithelium function
Protection against abrasion and pathogens
352
Stratified Squamous Epithelium
353
Simple Cuboidal Epithelium location
Thyroid gland
354
Simple Cuboidal Epithelium function
Not much protection, but good for secretion and absorption
355
Simple Cuboidal Epithelium
356
Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium location
Lining of ducts, rare
357
Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium function
Protection, secretion, absorption
- Usually only 2-3 layers
358
Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium
359
Simple Columnar Epithelium location
Lining of stomach
360
Simple Columnar Epithelium function
Really good protection, secretion, and absorption
361
Simple Columnar Epithelium
362
Stratified Columnar Epithelium
location
Mammary glands
363
Stratified Columnar Epithelium
function
Protection, but not as good as simple columnar
364
Stratified Columnar Epithelium
365
Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar Epithelium location
Lining of nasal cavity
366
Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar Epithelium function
Protection, secretion, moves mucus with cilia
367
Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar Epithelium
368
Transitional Epithelium location
Urinary bladder
369
Transitional Epithelium function
Permits expansion and recoil after stretching
370
Transitional Epithelium
371
Connective tissue
Connects epithelial tissue to everything else
372
Types of proteins in connective tissues
1. Collagen
2. Elastic fiber
3. Reticular fiber
373
Classification of connective tissues
1. Connective tissue proper
- Connect and protect
2. Fluid connective tissue
- Transport
3. Supporting connective tissue
- Structural strength
374
Types of connective tissue proper
1. Loose connective tissue proper
2. Dense connective tissue proper
375
Types of loose connective tissue proper
1. Areolar connective tissue
2. Adipose connective tissue
3. Reticular connective tissue
376
Areolar connective tissue function
It distorts without damaging
377
Areolar connective tissue location
Basement membrane
378
Areolar connective tissue
379
Adipose connective tissue (fat) function
Retains body heat, stores energy, and provides protection (cushions), stores triglycerides
380
Adipose connective tissue location
Buttocks
381
Adipose connective tissue
382
Reticular connective tissue function
Provides support and framework
383
Reticular connective tissue location
Bone marrow
384
Reticular connective tissue
385
Types of dense connective tissue proper
1. Dense regular connective tissue
2. Dense irregular connective tissue
3. Dense elastic connective tissue
386
Dense regular connective tissue function
Strength in one plane
387
Dense regular connective tissue location
Tendons and ligaments
388
Dense regular connective tissue
389
Dense irregular connective tissue function
Strength in different planes
390
Dense irregular connective tissue location
Capsules of organs and dermis
391
Dense irregular connective tissue
392
Dense elastic connective tissue function
Stretches and recoils to cushion shocks
393
Dense elastic connective tissue location
The walls of arteries
394
Dense elastic connective tissue
395
Fluid connective tissues
Blood
396
Fluid connective tissues
397
Supporting Connective Tissue
1. Cartilage
2. Bone (osseous tissue)
398
Types of cartilage
1. Hyaline cartilage
2. Elastic cartilage
3. Fibrocartilage
399
Hyaline cartilage function
Reduces friction
400
Hyaline cartilage location
In joints
401
Hyaline cartilage
402
Elastic cartilage function
Flexibility without damage
403
Elastic cartilage location
External ear
404
Elastic cartilage
405
Fibrocartilage function
Good at resisting compression
406
Fibrocartilage location
Vertebral column between each vertebrae
407
Fibrocartilage
408
Osseus Tissue (Bone)
Has a circular structure
409
Muscle types
1. Skeletal muscle
2. Smooth muscle
3. Cardiac muscle
410
Skeletal muscle location
Attached to skeleton
411
Skeletal muscle function
Moves the skeleton
412
Summary of skeletal muscle
Voluntary, striated muscle
413
Skeletal muscle
414
Muscle fiber
One long tube-like muscle cell that has long cylindrical nuclei on the plasma membrane
415
Striations/Striated
Long lines in one plane up and down
416
Smooth muscle location
Lines hollow organs
417
Smooth muscle function
Contract in order to generate force
418
Summary of smooth muscle
Involuntary, not striated muscle
419
Cardiac muscle location
Heart
420
Smooth muscle
421
Cardiac muscle function
Contracts to generate force that moves blood
422
Cardiac muscle
423
Difference between cardiac and skeletal muscle
Cardiac is branched with forks, which helps it wrap around the heart, and has intercalated discs
A&P
flashcards
Decks in class (13)
# Cards
-
Lecture Exam 1195
-
Lab Practical 1180
-
Lecture Exam 2168
-
Lab Practical 2103
-
Muscle Attachments and Insertions-Lab Practical 264
-
Lecture Exam 3172
-
Lab Practical 338
-
Muscle Attachments and Insertions-Lab Practical 375
-
Exam 4144
-
Muscles and insersions-Lab Practical 450
-
Lab Practical 37
-
Final Lab Practical423
-
Final Lecture Exam330
