Final Section 2 (NS)

Question 1

What does a dendrite do?

Answer 1

receives information from surrounding tissue & brings things into the cell body

Question 2

What is the axon hillock?

Question 3

What is the function of a neuron?

Answer 3

send a signal
might be inhibitory

Question 4

What is a synaptic terminal?

Answer 4

end of a neuron where neurotransmitters are stored and released to communicate with the next cell.

Question 5

How many dendrites & axons does a neuron have?

Answer 5

many dendrites
one axon

Question 6

What are the four classes of neurotransmitters

Answer 6

Esters
Monamines
Amino acids
purines
peptides
inorganic acids

Question 7

Give an example of an ester

Answer 7

Acetylcholine

Question 7

Give an example of a Monoamine

Answer 7

Norepi

Question 8

Give an example of an amino acid

Answer 8

GABA, glutamate

Question 9

Give an example of a purine

Answer 9

Adenosine, ATP

Question 10

Give an example of a peptide

Answer 10

substance P, endorphins

Question 11

Give an example of an inorganic gas

Answer 11

NP

Question 12

What two divisions make up the ANS?

Answer 12

sympathetic & parasympathetic

Question 13

Where do the sympathetic fibers originate?

Answer 13

thoracolumbar region of spinal cord

Question 14

Where do the parasympathetic fibers originate?

Answer 14

brain & sacral spinal cord

Question 15

Describe the lengths of the fibers in the parasympathetic system

Answer 15

long preganglionic & short postganglionic

Question 16

Describe the lengths of the fibers in the sympathetic system

Answer 16

short preganglionic & long postganglionic

Question 17

Where are the ganglia in the sympathetic division

Answer 17

close to the spinal cord

Question 18

Where are the ganglia in the parasympathetic division

Answer 18

visceral effector organs

Question 19

What does the adrenergic alpha 1 receptor do?

Answer 19

activates Phospholipase C

Question 20

What does the adrenergic alpha 2 receptor do?

Answer 20

inhibits adenylate cyclase; Ca & K channels

Question 21

What does the adrenergic beta 1, 2, & 3 receptor stimulate?

Answer 21

Adenylate cyclase & Ca channels

Question 22

Where does alpha 1 have effects?

Answer 22

peripheral vasculature

Question 23

Where does alpha 2 have effects?

Answer 23

mainly CNS

Question 24

Where does beta 1 have effects?

Answer 24

heart

Question 25

Where does beta 2 have effects?

Answer 25

heart & lungs, smooth muscle (mild cardiac effect, i.e. albuterol)

Question 26

Where does beta 3 have effects?

Answer 26

fat cells

Question 27

Where are nicotinic receptors at?

Answer 27

ganglion & skeletal muscle

Question 28

What kind of receptor are the nicotinic receptors?

Answer 28

ion channels

Question 29

Where do the nicotinic receptors mainly effect?

Answer 29

neuronal & muscular - somatic NS

Question 30

Where do the muscarinic receptors mainly effect?

Answer 30

CNS

Question 31

What second messenger do M1, M3, and M5 activate?

Answer 31

Gq >> phospholipase activation

Question 32

What second messenger effects do the M2 & M4 receptors have?

Answer 32

Gi >> inhibit adenylyl cyclase decreasing cAMP activity in the cell

Question 33

Describe the autonomic feedback system when MAP increases or decreases

Answer 33

Question 34

Describe the hormonal feedback system when MAP increases or decreases

Answer 34

Question 35

Alpha 2 receptor activation leads to smooth muscle contraction. What are the send messengers produced by agonist binding to alpha 1 receptors?

Answer 35

cAMP & IP3

Question 36

What is true for the parasympathetic NS?

Answer 36

Long pre-ganglionic & short ganglionic nerve fibers