Final Study Guide Flashcards by Miranda Dawson

-centesis

Surgical puncture

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-clasis

To break; surgical fracture

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-desis

Binding/fixation of the bone or joint

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-ectomy

Excision; removal

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-lysis

Separation; distraction, loosening

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-tome

Instrument to cut

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-pexy

Fixation of an organ

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-plasty

Surgical repair

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-rrhaphy

Suture

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-stomy

Forming an opening (mouth)

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-tomy

Incision

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-itis

Inflammation

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-tripsy

Crushing

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-gram

Record, writing

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-graph

Instrument for recording

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-graphy

Process of recording

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-meter

Instrument for measuring

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-metry

To measure

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-scope

Instrument for examining

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-scopy

Visual examination

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-algia

Pain

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-cele

Hernia, swelling

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-dynia

Pain

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-ectasis

Dilation, expansion

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-edema

Swelling

-emesis

Vomiting

-emia

Blood condition

-gen

Producing, forming, origin

-genesis

Producing, forming, origin

-ia

Condition

-iasis

Abnormal condition produced by something specified

-ia

Condition

-iatry

Medicine; treatment

-ician

Specialist

-ism

Condition

-ist

Medicine; treatment

-lith

Stone; calculus

-malacia

Softening

-megaly

Enlargement

-oma

Tumor

-osis

Abnormal condition; increase (used with blood cells)

-pathy

Disease

-penia

Decrease, deficiency

-phagia

Swallowing, eating

-phasia

Speech

-phobia

Fear

-plasia

Formation, growth

-plasm

Formation, growth

-plegia

Paralysis

-ptosis

Prolapse; downward displacement

-rrhage

Bursting forth

-rrhagia

Bursting forth

-rrhea

Discharge, flow

-rrhexis

Rupture

-sclerosis

Hardening

-spasm

Twitching

-stenosis

Structure; narrowing

-toxic

Poison

-trophy

Development, nourishment

-esis

Condition

-y

Condition; process

-icle

Small, minute

-ole

Small, minute

-ule

Small, minute

-ac

Pertaining to

-al

Pertaining to

-ar

Pertaining to

-ary

Pertaining to

-eal

Pertaining to

-ic

Pertaining to

-ical

Pertaining to

-ile

Pertaining to

-ior

Pertaining to

-ous

Pertaining to

-tic

Pertaining to

Epi-

Above, upon

Hypo-

Under; below; deficient

Infra-

Under, below

Sub-

Under, below

Inter-

Between

Post-

After, behind

Pre-

Before

Pro-

Forward, for

Retro-

Backward, behind

Bi-

Dipl-

Double

Diplo-

Double

Hemi-

1/2

Dia-

Through, across

Ecto-

Outside, outward

Endo-

In, within

Exo-

Outside, outward

Extra-

Outside, outward

Intra-

In, within

Para-

Near, beside, beyond

Peri-

Around

Super-

Upper, above

Supra-

Above; excessive; superior

Trans-

Turning

Ultra-

Excess, beyond

A-

Without, not

Hyper-

Excessive, above normal

Macro-

Large

Micro-

Small

Mono-

Multi-

Many, much

Nulli-

None

Poly-

Many, much

Primi-

First

Quardri-

Tri-

Uni-

Ab-

From, away from

Ad-

Toward

Circum-

Around

An-

Without, not

Anti-

Against

Brady-

Slow

Contra-

Against

Dys-

Bad, difficult, painful

Eu-

Good, normal

Hetero-

Different

Homo-

Same

Homeo-

Same

Mal-

Bad

Pan-

All

Pseudo-

False

Syn-

Together, joined, union

Tachy-

Rapid

Abduction

Moving away from the midsagittal plane

Medial

Middle of the body

Superior (Cephalad)

Toward head of the upper portion of the structure

Proximal

Near to the center trunk of the body or point of attachment

Anterior (ventral)

Front of the body

Parietal

Outer wall of the body cavity

Prone

Laying on the abdomen, face down

Adduction

Moving toward the midsagittal plane

Lateral

Side

Inferior

Away from the head toward the tail or lower part of the structure

Distal

Away from the center

Posterior (dorsal)

Back of the body

Visceral

Internal organs

Supine

Lying horizontally on the back, face up

Inversion

Turning inward or inside out

Palmar

Palm of the hand

Superficial

Toward the surface of the body (external)

Eversion

Turning outward

Plantar

Sole of the foot

Deep

Away from the surface of the body (internal)

Cyt/o

Cell

Hist/o

Tissue

Kary/o

Nucleus

Nucle/o

Nucleus

Anter/o

Interior, front

Caud/o

Tail

Cephal/o

Head

Dist/o

Far, farthest

Inferi/o

Lower, below

Later/o

Side, to one side

Medi/o

Middle

Posteri/o

Back of the body, behind, posterior

Proxim/o

Near, nearest

Ventr/o

Belly, belly side

Acr/o

Extremity

Eti/o

Cause

Abdomen/o

Abdomen

Cervic/o

Neck; cervix uteri (neck of the uterus)

Crani/o

Skull (cranium)

Gastr/o

Stomach

Ili/o

Ilium (later flaring portion of the hip bone)

Inguin/o

Groin

Lumb/o

Lower back, loins

Pelv/i

Pelvis

Pelv/o

Pelvis

Spin/o

Spine

Thorac/o

Chest

Umbilic/o

Naval

Xer/o

Dry

Albin/o

White

Chlor/o

Green

Chrom/o

Color

Idi/o

Unknown, peculiar

Morph/o

Forum, shape, structure

Path/o

Disease

Radi/o

Radiation; x-ray; radius (long bone of the arm)

Somat/o

Body

Son/o

Sound

Tom/o

To cut

Viscer/o

Internal organs

Cirrh/o

Yellow

Cyan/o

Blue

Erythr/o

Red

Jaund/o

Yellow

Leuk/o

White

Melan/o

Black

Poli/o

Gray; gray matter of the brain/spinal cord

Xanth/o

Yellow

Adip/o

Fat

Cutane/o

Skin

Derm/o

Skin

Dermat/o

Skin

Sweat

Hidr/o

Dry, scaly

Ichthy/o

Kerat/o

Horny tissue; hard; cornea

Lip/o

Fat

Melan/o

Black

Myc/o

Fungus

Xer/o

Dry

-cyte

Cell

-derma

Skin

-logist

Specialist in the study of

-logy

Study of

-therapy

Treatment

An-

Without, not

Dia-

Through, across

Epi-

Above, upon

Homo-

Same

Onych/o

Nail

Pil/o

Hair

Scler/o

Hardening; Scalera (white of the eye)

Seb/o

Sebum, sebaceous

Squam/o

Scale

Xen/o

Foreign, strange

Hyper-

Excessive, above normal

Sub-

Under, below

Steat/o

Fat

Sudor/o

Sweat

Trich/o

Hair

Ungu/o

Nail

Acromi/o

Acromion (projection of the scapula)

Ankyl/o

Stiffness; crooked, bent

Arthr/o

Joint

Brachi/o

Arm

Calcane/o

Calcaneum (heel bone)

Carp/o

Carpus (wrist bone)

Cephal/o

Head

Cervic/o

Neck

Chondr/o

Cartilage

Clavicul/o

Clavicle (collarbone)

Cost/o

Ribs

Crani/o

Cranium (skull)

Dactyl/o

Fingers; toes

Metatars/o

Metatarsus (foot bones)

Muscul/o

Muscle

Myel/o

Bone marrow; spinal cord

Orth/o

Straight

Oste/o

Bone

Patell/o

Patella (kneecap)

Ped/i

Foot; child

Ped/o

Foot; child

Pelv/i

Pelvis

Phalang/o

Phalanges (bones of the fingers and toes)

Pub/o

Pubis (anterior part of the pelvic bone)

Radi/o

Radiation, x-ray; radius (lower arm bone on thumb side)

Rhabd/o

Rod-shaped (striated)

Fasci/o

Band, facia (fibrous membrane supporting and separating muscles)

Femor/o

Femur (thigh bone)

Fibr/o

Fiber, fibrous tissue

Fibul/o

Fibula (smaller bone of the lower leg)

Humer/o

Humerus (upper arm bone)

Ili/o

Ilium (lateral flaring portion of the hip bone)

Ischi/o

Ischium (lower portion of the hip bone)

Kyph/o

Humpback

Lamin/o

Lamina (part of the vertebral arch)

leiomy/o

Smooth (visceral) muscle

Lord/o

Curve, sway back

Lumb/o

Loins (lower back)

Metacarp/o

Metacarpus (hand bone)

-porosis

Porous

-sarcoma

Malignant tumor of connective tissue

-scopy

Visual examination

Rhabdomy/o

Rod shaped (striated) muscle

Scoli/o

Crooked, bent

Spondyl/o

Vertebrae (back bone)

Stern/o

Sternum (breast bone)

Synov/o

Synovial membrane, synovial fluid

Ten/o

Tendon

Tendin/o

Tendon

Thorac/o

Chest

Tibi/o

Tibia (larger bone of the lower leg)

-blast

Cell

-clasia

To break; surgical fracture

-clast

To break; surgical fracture

-desis

Binding, fixation (of a bone or joint)

-malacia

Softening

-physis

Growth plate

-asthenia

Weakness, debility

Cerebr/o

Cerebrum

Crani/o

Skull

Dendr/o

Tree

Ton/o

Tension

-algesia

Pain

Ventricul/o

Ventricle (of the heart and brain)

Encephal/o

Brain

Gangli/o

Ganglion (knot or knot-like mass)

Gli/o

Glue; neuroglial tissue

Kinesi/o

Movement

Lept/o

Thin, slender

Lex/o

Word, phrase

Mening/o

Meninges (membranes covering the brain and spinal cord)

Meningi/o

Meninges (membranes covering the brain and spinal cord)

Myel/o

Bone marrow; spinal cord

Narc/o

Stupor; numbness; sleep

Neur/o

Nerve

Radicul/o

Nerve root

Sthen/o

Strength

Thalam/o

Thalamus

-algia

Pain

-asthenia

Weakness

-esthesia

Feeling

-kinesia

movement

-lepsy

Seizure

-paresis

Partial paralysis; weakness

-phasia

Speech

-plegia

Paralysis

-taxia

Order, coordination

Pachy-

Thick

Para-

Near, beside; beyond

Syn-

Union, together, joined

Uni-

Thec/o

Sheath (referring to the meninges)

Ambyl/o

Dull, dim

Aque/o

Water

Blephar/o

Eyelid

Choroid/o

Choroid (layer between the retina and the Sclera)

Optic/o

Eye, vision

Phac/o

Lens

Phot/o

Light

Presby/o

Old age

Conjunctiv/o

Conjunctiva(membrane that lines the eyelid and covers the sclera)

Core/o

Pupil

Corne/o

Cornea

Cycl/o

Silly everybody of the eye; circular; cycle

Dacry/o

Tear; lacrimal apparatus (sac, duct, gland)

Dipl/o

Double

Glauc/o

Gray

Goni/o

Angle

Irid/o

Iris

Kerat/o

Horny tissue; hard; cornea

Lacrim/o

Tear; lacrimal apparatus (duct, sac, gland)

Ocul/o

Eye

Ophthalm/o

Eye

Opt/o

Eye, vision

-opsia

Vision

-tropia

Turning

Exo-

Outside, outward

Pupill/o

Pupil

Retin/o

Retina

Scler/o

Hardening; Sclera (White of the eye)

Vitr/o

Vitreous body of the eye

Scot/o

Darkness

Audi/o

Hearing

Labyrinth/o

Labyrinth (inner ear)

Mastoid/o

Mastoid process

Myring/o

Tympanic membrane (eardrum)

Ot/o

Ear

Salping/o

Tubes (usually fallopian or eustachian [auditory] tubes)

Staped/o

Stapes

Tympan/o

Tympanic membrane (eardrum)

-acusia

Hearing

-cusis

Hearing

-opia

Vision

Hyper/o

Excessive, above normal

Dors

Back of the body

Trans-

Through, across

-ptysis

Spitting

Adren/o

Adrenal glands

Adrenal/o

Adrenal glands

Calc/o

Calcium

Crin/o

Secrete

Gluc/o

Sugar, sweetness

Glyc/o

Sugar, sweetness

Home/o

Same, alike

Kal/i

Potassium

Pancreat/o

Pancreas

Parathyroid/o

Parathyroid glands

Thym/o

Thymus gland

Thyr/o

Thyroid gland

Thyroid/o

Thyroid gland

Toxic/o

Poison

-crine

Secrete

-dipsia

Thirst

-gen

Forming, producing, origin

-toxic

Pertaining to poison

-uria

Urine

Eu-

Good

Endo-

In, within

Exo-

Outside, outward

Hyper-

Excessive, above normal

Hypo-

Under, below; deficient

Poly-

Many, much

Aden/o

Gland

Agglutin/o

Clumping, gluing

Bas/o

Base (pH)

Blast/o

Embryonic cell

Chrom/o

Color

Eosin/o

Red

Erythr/o

Red

Granul/o

Granule

Hem/o

Blood

Hemat/o

Blood

Immun/o

Immune, immunity, safe

Kary/o

Nucleus

Leuk/o

White

Lymph/o

Lymph

Lymphaden/o

Lymph gland (node)

Lymphangi/o

Lymph vessel

Morph/o

Form, shape, structure

Myel/o

Bone marrow; spinal cord

Neutr/o

Neutral; neither

Nucle/o

Nucleus

Phag/o

Swallowing, eating

Plas/o

Development, formation

Poikil/o

Varied, irregular

Reticul/o

Net, mesh

Ser/o

Serum

Sider/o

Iron

Splen/o

Spleen

Thromb/o

Blood clot

Thym/o

Thymus gland

Xen/o

Strange, foreign

-blast

Embryonic cell

-crine

Secrete

-emia

Blood condition

-globin

Protein

-graft

Transplantation; Graft of tissue taken from a donor and given to a recipient

-osis

Abnormal condition; increase (used with blood cells)

-penia

Decrease, deficiency

-phil

Attraction for

-phylaxis

Protection

-poiesis

Formation, production

-stasis

Standing still

A-

Without, not

Allo-

Other

Aniso-

Unequal, dissimilar

Iso-

Equal

Macro-

Large

Micro-

Small

Mono-

One

Poly-

Many, much

-Phoresis

Transmission

Ante-

Before

Natr/o

Sodium

Aort/o

Aorta

Arter/i

Artery

Arteriol/o

Arteriole

Ather/o

Fatty plaque

Atri/o

Atrium

Cardi/o

Heart

Coron/o

Heart

Electr/o

Electricity

Embol/o

Embolus (plug)

Hemangi/o

Blood vessel

Lumin/o

Lumen (Channel within a tube)

My/o

Muscle

Phleb/o

Vein

Scler/o

Hardening; Scalera (white of the eye)

Sept/o

Septum

Sphygm/o

Pulse

Sten/o

Narrowing, stricture

Thromb/o

Blood clot

Valv/o

Valve

Valvul/o

Valve

Vas/o

Vessel; vas deferens; duct

Ven/o

Vein

Ventricul/o

Ventricle

-cardia

Heart condition

-gram

Record, writing

-graph

Instrument for recording

-graphy

Process of recording

-plasty

Surgical repair

-sclerosis

Hardening

Brady-

Slow

Endo-

In, within

Extra-

Outside, outward

Peri-

Around

Tachy-

Rapid

Trans-

Across

Leukapheresis

Removing white blood cells

Adenoid/o

Adenoids

Alveol/o

Alveolus; air sac

Atel/o

Incomplete; imperfect

Bronch/o

Bronchus (plural, bronchi)

Bronchi/o

Bronchus (plural, bronchi)

Bronchiol/o

Bronchiole

Coni/o

Dust

Cyan/o

Blue

Diaphragm/o

Diaphragm

Diaphragmat/o

Diaphragm

Epiglott/o

Epiglottis

Laryng/o

Larynx (voice box)

Lob/o

Lobe

Muc/o

Mucus

Nas/o

Nose

Orth/o

Straight

Ox/o

Oxygen

Ox/i

Oxygen

Pector/o

Chest

Pharyng/o

Pharynx (throat)

Phren/o

Diaphragm; mind

Pleur/o

Pleura

Pneum/o

Air; lung

Pulmon/o

Lung

Pneumon/o

Air; lung

Rhin/o

Nose

Sept/o

Septum

Steth/o

Chest

Sinus/o

Sinus, cavity

Spir/o

Breathe

Thorac/o

Chest

Tonsill/o

Tonsils

Trache/o

Trachea (Wind pipe)

-capnia

Carbon dioxide (CO2)

-osmia

Smell

-phonia

Voice

-pnea

Breathing

-ptysis

Spitting

-thorax

Chest

Brady-

Slow

Dys-

Bad, difficult, painful

Eu-

Good, normal

Tachy-

Rapid

Gingiv/o

Gums

Gloss/o

Tongue

An/o

Anus

Append/o

Appendix

Appendic/o

Appendix

Bucc/o

Cheek

Cheil/o

Lip

Chol/e

Bile, gall

Cholecyst/o

Gallbladder

Choledoch/o

Bile duct

Col/o

Colon

Colon/o

Colon

Dent/o

Teeth

Duoden/o

Duodenum (first part of the small intestine)

Odont/o

Teeth

Enter/o

Intestine (usually the small intestine)

Esophag/o

Esophagus

Gastr/o

Stomach

Gloss/o

Tongue

Gingiv/o

Gum

Hepat/o

Liver

Ile/o

Ileum (third part of the small intestine)

Jejun/o

Jejunum (Second part of the small intestine)

Labi/o

Lip

Lingu/o

Tongue

Odont/o

Teeth

Or/o

Mouth

Pancreat/o

Pancreas

Pharyng/o

Pharynx (throat)

Proct/o

Anus, rectum

Pylor/o

Pylorus

Rect/o

Rectum

Sial/o

Saliva, salivary gland

Sigmoid/o

Sigmoid colon

Stomat/o

Mouth

-emesis

Vomit

-iasis

Abnormal condition (produced by something specified)

-megaly

Enlargement

-orexia

Appetite

-pepsia

Digestion

-phagia

Swallowing, eating

-prandial

Meal

Albumin/o

Albumin, protein

Azot/o

Nitrogenous compounds

Bacteri/o

Bacteria (singular, bacterium)

Cyst/o

Bladder

Glomerul/o

Glomerulus

Kal/i

Potassium (an electrolyte)

Keton/o

Ketone bodies (acids and acetones)

Lith/o

Stone, calculus

Meat/o

Opening, meatus

Nephr/o

Kidney

Noct/o

Night

Ureter/o

Ureter

Urethr/o

Urethra

Ur/o

Urine, urinary tract

Vesic/o

Bladder

-genesis

Forming, producing, origin

-iasis

Abnormal condition (produced by somethings specified)

-uria

Urine

Dia-

Through, across

Retro-

Backward, behind

Olig/o

Scanty

Py/o

Pus

Pyle/o

Renal pelvis

Ren/o

Kidney

Andr/o

Male

Balan/o

Glans penis

Crypt/o

Hidden

Epididym/o

Epididymis

Genito/o

Genitalia

Gonad/o

Gonads, sex glands

Olig/o

Scanty

Orch/o

Testis (plural, testes)

Orchi/o

Testis (plural, testes)

Orchid/o

Testis (plural, testes)

Perine/o

Perineum (area between scrotum [or vulva in the female] and anus)

-genesis

Forming, producing, origin

-ism

Condition

-spadius

Slit, Fissure

-cide

Killing

Vesicul/o

Seminal vesicle

Prostat/o

Prostate gland

Spermat/o

Spermatozoa, sperm cells

Sperm/o

Spermatozoa, sperm cells

Test/o

Testis (plural, testes)

Varic/o

Dilated vein

Vas/o

Vessel; Vas deferens; duct

Amni/o

Amnion (amniotic sac)

Cervic/o

Neck; cervix uterine (neck of the uterus)

Colp/o

Vagina

Galact/o

Milk

Gynec/o

Woman, female

Hyster/o

Uterus (womb)

Lact/o

Milk

Mamm/o

Breast

Mast/o

Breast

Men/o

Menses, menstruation

Metri/o

Uterus (womb)

Metr/o

Uterus (womb); measure

Nat/o

Birth

Oophor/o

Ovary

Ovari/o

Ovary

Perine/o

Perineum (Area between the scrotum [or vulva in the female] and anus

-cyesis

Pregnancy

-gravida

Pregnant woman

-para

To bear offspring

-salpinx

Tube (usually fallopian or eustachian [auditory] tubes)

-tocia

Childbirth, labor

-version

Turning

Ante-

Before, in front of

Dys-

Bad; painful; difficult

Endo-

In, within

Multi-

Many, much

Post-

After

Primi-

First

-arche

Beginning

Uter/o

Uterus (womb)

Salping/o

Tube (usually fallopian or you station [auditory] tubes)

Vagin/o

Vagina

Scrot/o

Sack that holds the testicles outside of the body

Gustat/o

The sense of taste

Metastasis

Moving to other parts of the body

The midsagittal plane (medial plane) divides the body into:

Right and left

The Frontal plane (coronal plane) divides the body into:

Anterior and posterior

The transverse plane (axial plane) divides the body into:

Top and bottom

Lapar/o

Abdomen

Bili/o

Gall; bile

A combining vowel enables two word elements to be connected

True

Carcin/o

Cancer

Final Study Guide Flashcards

(652 cards)