Final Terms List

Question 1

Function

DNA Polymerase I

Answer 1

• synthesizes some of the DNA during DNA replication
• removes and replaces primers during DNA replication

Question 2

Function

DNA Polymerase III

Answer 2

Synthesizes most of the DNA during DNA replication

Question 3

Primase

Answer 3

RNA polymerase that creates primers
- Provides 3’ -OH end for DNA polymerase

Question 4

Function

Helicase

Answer 4

“Unwinds” DNA
- binds to one strand in 5’-3’

Question 5

Function

Topoisomerase

Answer 5

Cuts and reseals DNA to relive supercoiling

Question 6

SSB

Genetics

Answer 6

Single Strand Binding Protiens
- Stabilizes the complex, prevents reannealing of DNA strands

Question 7

Function

Beta-Clamp

Answer 7

Keeps DNA Pol. attatched to DNA

Question 8

Function

Ligase

Answer 8

“Glues” DNA together

Question 9

Telomerase

Answer 9

Enzyme that adds nucleotides to telomeres

Active in:
- Germ cells
- Cancer cells
- Immune cells
- Embrionic development

Question 10

Cohesin

Answer 10

Holds sister chromatids together

Question 11

SRY gene

Answer 11

The “maleness gene”

Directs the male development of the bipotential gonad
- If present –> Male
- If absent –> Female

Question 12

white gene in fruitflies

Answer 12

X-linked recessive gene
- Causes white eyes

Question 13

Function

Xist

Answer 13

Causes random X chromosome inactivation

Question 14

Reverse Transciptase

Answer 14

Capable of synthesizing DNA (complementary DNA, or cDNA) from an RNA template, essentially reversing the normal flow of genetic information (RNA to protein)

Question 15

Genomics

Answer 15

The study of ENTIRE GENOMES

Question 16

Transcriptomics

Answer 16

The cataloguing of all RNAs in a sample

Question 17

Reaction Norm

Answer 17

The effect of the environment on phenotype

Question 18

Morph

Answer 18

A rare but recuring mutation in a population
- melanistic cats
- spirit bear

NOT A SUBSPECIES

Question 19

Genome

Answer 19

The complete set of genetic instructions of an organism

Question 20

Kinetochore

Answer 20

Binds centromeres together
- Acts as a docking platform for mitotic spindle

Question 21

Centromere

Answer 21

Specialized area of a chromosome ment for mitotic spindles to attatch to

Question 22

Microtuble organizing centers (MTOCs)

Answer 22

Centrosomes in animals
- Directs DNA seperation with spindle fibers

Question 23

Trait vs Character

Answer 23

Character = Catagory

Trait = Varients in the catagory

Question 24

Nondisjunction

Answer 24

Failure of homologus chromosomes to seperate and mover to opposite poles

Question 25

Aneuploidy

Answer 25

Gain or loss of a whole **single chromosome** - trisomic (3) - monosomic (1)

Question 26

Monosomy

Answer 26

Only one (1) chromosome instead of the pair

Question 27

Heteroallelic

Answer 27

Having two mutant alleles that are different from each other

Question 28

Parthenogenisis

Answer 28

Females being able to lay fertile eggs - No males required