1
Q
> “attempt to discover on the basis of fragmentary evidence, the significant things about the past”
> history is based on facts is a series of accepted judgments.
A
geoffrey barraclough
2
Q
> poem written by jose rizal when he was 8 y/o
> no manuscript elsewhere (handwritten)
> was never mentioned writin this poem in his other works
A
Sa Aking Mga Kabata
3
Q
> a mythical legal code
> epic history Maragtas
> was revealed as a hoax in 1986
A
The Code of Kalantiaw
4
Q
> a way of looking at historical events, personalities, developments, cultures, and societies from different perspectives.
A
Multiperspectivity
5
Q
the firt catholic mass in the philippines took place in?
A
butuan
6
Q
when did the first catholic mass in the philippines happened?
A
april 8, 1521
7
Q
it is a river settlement situated at Agusan river
A
butuan
8
Q
the two primary sources of the first catholic mass in the philippines
A
• anotonio pigafetta
• francis albo
9
Q
limasawa
A
leyte
10
Q
– one of the pilot of the ship who returned after circumnavigation
– did not mention first mass, rather the planting of the cross upon the mountain-top
A
francis albo
11
Q
– Primo viaggio intorno al mondo (First Voyage Around the World).
– gave more details on what they did on their week long stay at Mazaua
A
antonio pigafetta
12
Q
Primo viaggio intorno al mondo
A
first voyage around the world
13
Q
Butuan o Limasawa: The Site of the First Mass in the Philippines: A Reexamination of Evidence (1981)
A
jesus priest Miguel A. Bernad
14
Q
major factor in the awakening of the nationalism among the Filipino
A
cavite mutiny
15
Q
when did the cavite mutiny happened?
A
1872
16
Q
martyrdom of the three priest
A
GOMBURZA
17
Q
GOMBURZA
A
– mariano gomez
– jose burgos
– jacinto zamora
18
Q
when was the execution of GOMBURZA happened?
A
february 17, 1872
19
Q
the reason for the execution of GOMBURZA?
A
to threaten the Filipinos to never attempt to fight the Spaniards
20
Q
force labor
A
polo(s) y servicio
21
Q
any piece of writing from rizal against the catholic church in the Philippines
A
retraction
22
Q
noli me tangere (touch me not)
el filibusterismo
A
jose rizal
23
Q
the four iteration of retractions
A
– La Vos Española and Diaro de Manila
– La Juventud
– Father Vicente Balaguer
– original text
24
Q
the four iteration of retractions
La Vos Española and Diario de Manila
A
December 30, 1896
25
the four iteration of retractions
La Juventud
Barcelona, Spain
26
the four iteration of retractions
Fr. Vicente Balaguer
feb 14, 1897
27
the four iteration of retractions
original text
found in archidiocesan archives (may 18, 1935)
28
El Grito de Rebellion
cry of rebellion
29
declaration of rebellion against the spanish government
cry of rebellion
30
what did bonifacio tore in cry of rebellion
cedula / tax receipts
31
when and where did the cry of rebellion happened?
august (23, 24, 25, 26) 1896, northeast manila
32
what did emilio aguinaldo commissioned in cry of rebellion?
Himno de Balintawak
33
the places of the occurance of the cry:
– balintawak
– kangkong
– pugad lawin
– bahay toro
34
set of fundamental principles or established precedents according to which a state part of a whole, coming together of distinct entities into one group, with the same principles and ideals.
constitution
35
Supreme Law of the Republic of the Philippines
The Constitution of the Philippines 1987
36
the 3 constitutions that have effectively governed the country:
– The 1935 Commonwealth Constitution
– The 1973 Constution
– The 1986 Freedom Constitution
37
3 constitutions that have successfully gpverned the counry:
The 1935 Commonwealth Constitution
The 1973 Constution
The 1986 Freedom Constitution
38
earlier constitution attempted by Filipinos to break free from colonization:
– Malolos Constitution 1899 (Constitucion Politica de Malolos)
– The Ferdinand Marcos Constitution 1973
– 1935 Commonwealth Constitution
– 1986 Freedom Constitution
39
Constitution Politica de Malolos
Malolos Constitution (1899)
40
turned dictorial government into revolutionary government
Malolos Constitution 1899
41
> it is a constitution anchored in democratic traditions
> people have exclusive sovereignty, basic civil rights, separate the church from the state
malolos constitution 1899
42
when did the malolos constitution took place/inaugurated
barasoain church
43
who opposed and sanctioned the malolos constitution 1899
opposed: apolinario mabini (prime minister of the revolutionary government)
sanctioned: emilio aguinaldo (president)
44
this constitution was to ensure that the U.S would live up to its promise to grant the Philippines independence and not have a premise to hold onto its “possession” on the grounds that it was too politically immature and hence, unready for full, real independence and shall be known as the Republic of the Philippines.
the 1935 commonwealth constitution
45
adopts the Regalian Doctrine or the Principle of State ownership for all its natural wealth and provides for the proper utilization of such wealth by its citizens.
the 1935 commonwealth constitution
46
the two independent constitutional bodies under the 1935 commonwealth constitution:
– Civil Service Commission
– Commission on Audit
47
NEDA
National Economic Development Authority
48
RA No. 6132, Constitutional Convention Act
the ferdinand marcos constitution 1973
49
when did the ferdinand marcos constitution 1973 was approved?
august 24, 1970
50
declaration of martial law
september 21, 1972
51
Proclamation No. 1102
Ratification of the Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines
52
– composed of preamble and 17 articles
– shift from presidential to parliamentary system of government
Proclamation No. 1102 (Ratification of the Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines)
53
> establishes the Philippines as a democratic and republican state were sovereignty resides in the people and all government authorities emanates from them
> followed People Power Revolution which ousted Ferdinand Marcos as President
> corazon aquino
1986 freedom constitution
54
declaring a national policy to protect people’s basic right
proclamation no. 3
55
Constitutional Commission [Con Com]
proclamation no. 9
56
constitution commission appointed 50 members on the constitution including:
former supreme court chief justice (roberto concepcion)
catholic bishop (teodoro bacani)
film director (lino brocka)
57
> essentially the rectification of the whole system of agriculture, an important aspect of the Philippine economy
> centered on the relationship between production and the distribution of land among farmers.
> focused on the political and economic class character of the relations of production and distribution in farming and related enterprises.
agrarian reform
58
where rural communities, often dispersed and scattered in nature, organized into a pueblo and given land to cultivate.
pueblo / pueblo agriculture system
59
reward to Spanish military for their service
repartimientos
60
those mandated to manage the encomienda or the lands given to them, where Filipinos worked and paid their tributes to the encomendero
spanish encomendero
61
an unfair and abusive system because Filipino farmers working the land were made to sell their products at a very low price or surrender their products to the encomenderos, who resold this at a profit.
encomienda system
62
> developed in the beginning of the nineteenth century as the Spanish government implemented policies that would fast track the entry of the colony into the capitalist world. a new form of ownership
hacienda system
63
A private individual may own 16 hectares of land while corporate landholders may have 1,024 hectares.
The Philippine Bill of 1902
64
a peasant rebellion in Central Luzon
The Sakdal (Sakdalista) Uprising
65
– National Rice and Corn Corporation (NARIC)
– to assign public defenders to assist peasants in court battles for their rights to the land.
manuel l. quezon
66
NARIC
national rice and corn corporation
67
– Republic Act No. 34
– to establish a 70-30 sharing arrangement between tenant and landlord, respectively, which reduced the interest of landowners’ loans to tenants at six percent or less.
president roxas
68
– The Land Settlement Development Corporation (LASEDECO)
– to accelerate and expand the resettlement program for peasants.
elpidio quirino
69
LASEDECO
The Land Settlement Development Corporation
70
National Resettlement and Rehabilitation Administration (NARRA)
Ramon Magsaysay
71
NARRA
National Resettlement and Rehabilitation Administration
72
– The Agricultural Land Reform Code (Republic Act No. 3844).
– abolished share tenancy in the Philippines and prescribed a program to convert tenant-farmers to lessees and later on owner cultivators.
diosdado macapagal
73
(Republic Act No. 3844)
The Agricultural Land Reform Code
74
Presidential Decree No. 27 (Code of Agrarian Reform of The Philippines)
marcos regime
75
Presidential Decree No. 27
Code of Agrarian Reform of thr Philippines
76
It enabled the redistribution of agricultural lands to tenant-farmers from landowners, who were paid in exchange by the government through just compensation and allowed them to retain not more than five hectares.
Republic Act No. 6657 or the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law (CARL) / (Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program or CARP).
77
CARL / CARP
Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law/Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program
78
Republic Act No. 6657
CARL / CARP
79
government mechanism to raise fund
taxation
80
The purpose is to generate resources to finance the maintenance of the islands, such as salaries of government officials and expenses of the clergy.
tributos (tributes)
81
exempted from tributos:
– alcaldes
– gobernadores
– cabezas de barangay
– soldiers
– members of the civil guard
– government officials
– vagrants.
82
creating pueblos, to collect revenue from the Filipinos.
reduccion
83
was established in 16th century through the galleons, a way by which the Spaniards could make sure that European presence would be sustained.
Manila-Acapulo Trade
84
The payment of tribute was put to a stop and was replaced by a poll tax collected through a certificate of identification called
cedula personal
85
Payment of the cedula is being paid by
person, not by family
86
when was the cedula happened
1844
87
is a kind of tax on the annual rental value of an urban real estate and
urbana
88
is a kind of tax on salaries, dividends, and profits.
industria
89
when did industria and urbana happened
1878
90
Male Filipinos were required to provide labor for 40 days a year (reduced to 15 days a year in 1884). They may opt out by paying the fallas or three pesos per annum.
force labor (polo y servicio)
91
prestacion personal
personal services
92
It prescribed ten major sources of revenue: licensed taxes on firms dealing in alcoholic beverages and tobacco, excise taxes on alcoholic beverages and tobacco products, taxes on banks and bankers, document stamp taxes, the cedula, taxes on insurance and insurance companies, taxes on forest products, mining concessions, taxes on business and manufacturing, and occupational licenses.
The Internal Revenue Law of 1904
93
resulting in a reduction in the revenue of the government as export taxes levied on sugar, tobacco, hemp, and copra were lifted.
The Underwood-Simmons Tariff Act (1913)
94
income tax
1914
95
inheritance tax
1919
96
national lottery
1932
97
the cedula tax was abolished in
1937
98
residence tax
1940
99
impetus of economic growth
implementation of import and exchange controls that led to import substitution development.
elpidio quirino
100
Tax Commission in 1959 by means of Republic Act No. 2211 to make a way for a more robust and efficient tax collection.
magsaysay, garcia, macapagal
101
Republic Act No. 2211
Tax Commission im 1959
102
heavily dependent on indirect taxes.
marcos authoritarian regime
103
– 1986 Tax Reform Program
– Value-added Tax (VAT)
corazon aquino
104
The aim was to improve the responsiveness of the tax system, promote equity by ensuring that similarly situated individuals and firms bear the same tax burden, promote growth by withdrawing or modifying taxes that reduce incentives to work or produce, and improve tax administration by simplifying the tax system and promoting tax compliance
1986 Tax Reform Program
105
– the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program
– implemented to make the tax system broad-based, simple, and with reasonable tax rates
ramos administration
106
the Expanded Value-Added Tax (E-VAT) was signed into law as Republic Act 9337.
glorio macapagal arroyo
107
Republic Act 9337
expanded value-added tax
108
the adjustment of excise tax on liquor and cigarettes or the Sin Tax Reform. Republic Act 10351 was passed, and government revenues from Alcohol and tobacco excise taxes increased.
benigno aquino III
109
Republic Act 10351
Sin Tax Reform
110
The present income tax scheme of the country is the second highest in Southeast Asia.
rodrigo duterte
RPH
flashcards
Decks in class (3)
# Cards
