finals

Question 1

Discuss Andrew Jackson’s worldview and how it affected his actions as president. Give specific examples for each major theme.

Answer 1

Jackson didnt compromise, got arm cut when he refused to clean a soldiers boots, never did anything halfway . love or hate

Mindset: moral absolutes apply to everything ,Believed america was his child ,Neutralized any threat to america immediately, Never forgave an enemy

Did Spoils system ,The bank war ,Nullification of south carolina ,Trail of tears

Question 2

What belief about human nature made the reforms movements possible? Where did this belief come from and how did it differ from previous beliefs?

Answer 2

Sense of empowerment
Sense of optimism and progress

Believed all humans were good. Used to be that all humans had good but were bent evil.

Unitarian universalism and the second great awakening.

Second great awakening was much more emotional than intellectual

They believed they could make people perfect and should never tolerate anything wrong.

Question 3

Discuss the evolution of American slavery and opinions toward it from 1607 to 1900. Make sure to mention where various sectional compromises fit into this development.

Answer 3

Necessary evil

Didnt use the word slavery
Banning slave trade and the ⅗ compromise

Put slavery on the course of extinction

Cotton gin

People changed views to support their money.

Compromise of 1820- missouri wanted to be a slave state. This would give slavery a majprity in the senate. It drew a line across america and allowed southern states to be slave.

Phase 1: there was no plan or agenda for slavery it just happenned.
Phase 2: 1776-1800 america decides it is a necessary evil that will eventually die off.
Phase 3: started defending slavery
Phase 4:slavery is good

Question 4

What is the difference between a moral problem and a political problem? How did slavery’s status as a moral issue affect the sectional debate?

Answer 4

Ap political problem can be compromised because it has to do with policy and not absolute judgements. Moral problems cant be compromised over because it falls on a bedrock of right or wrong

It stopped real compromise from being possible

A lot of things like the fugitive slave act in the compromise of 1820 only made slavery more real for northerners.

Question 5

Discuss the differences between three theaters in the Civil War. Mention the most important generals in each, several key battles, and the role each played in determining the outcome of the war

Answer 5

Eastern theatre-atlantic ocean to appalachia
Western theatre- appalachians to mississippi
Trans mississippi everywher else

North used western theater as a proving ground south used it as a dumping ground.

Eastern theatre - lee, jackson

Chancellorsville-The Battle of Chancellorsville (May 1863) was a major Civil War engagement in which Robert E. Lee won his greatest victory by outmaneuvering a larger Union army, though the Confederacy suffered the costly loss of Stonewall Jackson.

Gettysburg- The Battle of Gettysburg (July 1863) was a pivotal Civil War clash in which Union forces halted Robert E. Lee’s invasion of the North, marking a major turning point toward eventual Union victory

Western-grant and sherman

Vicksburg campaign-The Vicksburg Campaign (1862–1863) was a crucial Union operation in which Ulysses S. Grant captured the fortified city of Vicksburg, gaining control of the Mississippi River and effectively splitting the Confederacy in two.

Invasion of kentucky- The Invasion of Kentucky (1862) was a Confederate attempt to bring the border state into the Southern camp, but Union resistance and lack of local support forced a retreat and secured Kentucky for the Union.

Question 6

React to the following statement: The Civil War ended at Appomattox. All the major issues at hand were settled by the end of the shooting phase of the war. Prove your point using plenty of direct evidence.

Answer 6

South had to be reintroduced to the union which meant giving representation back.

Radical republicans did not like the former confederates. They wanted all confederates to have no part in congress.

Lincoln thought that was to harsh so he vetoed it. Lincoln died and johnson was now in charge of reconstruction

Johnson tried to follow lincolns plan and was very kind to the south. He handed out thousands of pardons.

Radical republicans didnt like this.

The radicals decided to put forth the reconstruction amendments and they advocated for military reconstruction of the south.

They impeached johnson and nearly removed him from office.

The south didnt give up

Racism

White supremacists used force to keep voters away from polls

Racist organizations formed like the KKK

There was near open war in the election of general grant
Nearly 200 murders in arkansas alone

Question 7

Discuss the Reconstruction Amendments. What were they, how did they come about,
and what overall purpose did they serve in American history?

Answer 7

The south wanted to keep slavery but congress did not let them. They put forth

13: banned slavery january 1865

There were laws that hurt black peoples civil rights so they pput forth

14: got rid of ⅗ compromise june 1866

15: allows all races to vote february 1869

The dilemma of the declaration had been resolved legally

Question 8

Discuss the idea proposed in the lectures that the real founding period of the United States ended with 1877 and the Reconstruction Amendments. Is this convincing? Why or why not? Make sure to use specific evidence in your defense

Answer 8

After the civil war america was truly a government by the people and for the people because virtually everyone was free and could vote.

It proved a government like that could survive

The dilemma of the declaration was resolved

The nation was now on a path to true freedom

Its convincing because the nation setting itself up for success and became the nation it was meant to be.