Fire Protection & Fire Attack Flashcards by Tyler Thornton

Building protected by fire alarm system

Protected premises

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Indicates that an emergency condition needs immediate attention (2 types)

Alarm signal: local, remotely transmitted

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Identifies system problems that can influence the systems reliability

Trouble signal

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Provides a way of monitoring an alarm system status and indicating abnormal conditions

Supervisory signal

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

A hardware component used to determine if there’s a fire

Alarm-initiating device

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Detect fire at a particular point or location

Spot-type detector

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

A device in which detection is continuous along a path

Linear detector

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Are really just switches for fire alarms (2 types)

Manual pull station (manual fire alarm boxes)
Single action vs double action

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Activates when a predetermined high template is reached

Fixed temperature detector

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Detector that activates when the temperature surrounding it rises faster than predetermined value

Rate-of-rise detector

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Accurately senses surrounding air temperature regardless of temperature change in the air around it

Rate compensation detector

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

A combination smoke detector and alarm available in stores and placed in homes without detection code requirements. Run on batteries, built in alarms

Single station smoke alarm

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Requirements for new residences device location

One device on each level
One device in each bedroom
One device in each corridor outside each sleeping area

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Use a small amount of radioactive material, usually americium, to charge the air passing through two oppositely charges electrodes. Always a spot detector

Ionization smoke detector

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Uses light beams to determine if smoke is present, 2 types

Photoelectric smoke detector
Light scattering (spot type): light beam deflected
Light obscuration: how much of the light beam is blocked

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Uses suction tubes to draw air from different locations within a protected space

Air sampling detector

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Activates an alarm when it detects radiant energy (2 types)

Flame detector
Infrared (IR), ultraviolet (UV)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Two detection devices must activate before initiating a fire alarm condition

Cross-zoned alarm system

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Alarm verification: 2 ways

Reset alarm to see if it reactivates
Alarm activated for minimum time before accepting them as valid

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Standard audible alarm signal to alert occupants to evacuate

Temporal 3 pattern

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Only warns occupants of a building that there is a fire

Local fire alarm system

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

When a system transmits a fire alarm signal through to local fire service. Has a ‘master box’ outside

Auxiliary fire alarm system

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

When a system transmits alarm, supervisory and trouble signals from a protected location to a remote location (ie maintenance, dispatch center)(less strict than central station system)

Remote-supervising station

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Operations of the circuits and devices are:
Transmitted automatically to central station
Recorded, maintained, supervised by separate location

Central station alarm system

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

A system that transmutes a signal from a protected facility to a monitoring station operated by facility’s owner

Proprietary system

No information given on location of the activated device

Non-coded alarm

FACP shows the zone, and maybe specific device, that was activated

Zoned non-coded alarm

Indicates over an audible device the zone that has been activated. Usually used in hospitals and prisons

Zone coded alarm

System is both zoned and coded

Master coded alarm

A fire alarm system component with discrete identification that can have its status individually identified or that is used to individually control other functions

Addressable device

A secondary FACP generally more conveniently located than the main panel

Remote annunciation panel

System of pipes and sprinkler heads that, when activated, discharge water onto a fire without involving people

Automatic sprinkler system

Opens when heated to a certain tempature

Automatic sprinkler heads

A sprinkler head that opens when the solder holding two pieces of metal together fuses or melts

Fusible link sprinkler head

The glass bulb that prevents water from flowing breaks when it reaches the activation temp

Frangible bulb sprinkler head

Breaks water stream from sprinklers into droplets and push them to cover an area larger than a straight stream of water would

Deflectors

Type of sprinkler head that is mounted on the underside of the piping vs above piping

Pendent sprinkler head vs upright sprinkler head

A sprinkler head type that has no release mechanism, is always open. All heads flow at the same time. Used in specialty situations ie foam and lots of water, hazard location

Deluge sprinkler head

System of pipes filled with water that flow water onto a fire when an automatic sprinkler head is fused

Wet-pipe system

Piping system that is filled with air or nitrogen instead of water. Commonly used when freezing is a consideration

Dry-pipe system

Uses elements of deluge and dry pipe systems and minimizes water damage. Requires second detection device to activate

Preaction system

Changes position when fluid such as water flows past it

Flow switch

A connection for the fire department to supplement water supply to a building’s sprinkler system

Fire department connection (FDC), aka Siamese connection

2 types of main water supply control valves

Outside stem and yoke valve (OS&Y): exposes stem to indicate open (Wall) Post-indicator valve: open or shut sign

Notify the FACP of a trouble condition if the valve is in the wrong position

Tamper switch

Standpipe class 1-3

1: designed exclusively for FD use 2: designed for occupant use 3: designed for both FD and occupant use

Completely fills a room with suppression agent

Total-flooding system

Suppression system designed to protect only the area directly around a hazard

Local-application system

A fire-extinguishing gas that chemically interrupts the combustion reaction

Halon Gas

Designed to replace Halon as total-flooding suppression agents without harming ozone layer

Clean agent gas

Type of clean agent that works by cooling the fire and chemically reacting with the fire

Halocarbons

Gas that doesn’t react with most chemicals, extinguishes fire by lowering oxygen concentration

Inert gas Ex. Carbon dioxide

Uses lower quantities of water at very high pressure to suppress fire IE on cruise ships to not flood boat

Water-mist system

_____ apartments are usually 2-3 stories high, set back from the street, constructed of wood frame

Garden style

Smaller than H-type apartments. Usually 3-5 stories, 2-4 apts per floor, maybe a store on the 1st floor,

Tenements

Apartment building shaped like an H. Consist of wings and a throat, connecting the wings. Bri k masonry walls and wood joist floors and roofs.

H-types

Older, inexpensively constructed commercial building put on a piece of land to generate income

Taxpayer building

Elevator phase where elevators are recalled to the first floor or lobby

Phase 1

Elevator phase where firefighter has full control of all functions

Phase 2

Ignition temp of natural gas

1163 degrees F

Equipped on newer propane cylinders, a float to shut off the valve when filled with the correct amount of liquid

Overfill protection device Usually 80% capacity

Propane gas expands at what rate

1.5% for every 10F temp change

BLEVE

Boiling liquid expanding vapor explosion When heated, liquid inside increases the internal pressure

Flammable gas used for welding, cutting and soldering

Acetylene

NFPA standard for low-, medium-, and high- expansion Foam

NFPA 11

National Fire Alarm Code

NFPA 72

Minimum temp fuel/air mixture must be heated to start self-sustained combustion

Ignition temp

Minimum concentration of vapor/air mixture below which propagation of a flame does not occur in the presence of an ignition source

Lower flammable limit

Maximum concentration of a vapor/air mixture above which propagation of flame does not occur

Upper flammable limit

The range of vapor/air concentration between the lower flammable limit and upper flammable limit

Flammable range

The lowest temperature at which vapor pressure of the liquid is sufficient to produce a flammable mixture

Flashpoint

A substance having a flash point below 100F

Flammable liquid

Any liquid having a flash point at or above 100F

Combustible liquid

Uses Venturi for principle to pull foam concentrate and mix it with the appropriate amount of water to make foam

In-line educator

The foam blanket must spread across the fuel to control and ultimately extinguish the fire. The speed this occurs is called?

Knockdown

How well foam stands up to heat of fire

Heat resistance

The ability to shed any fuel that may be on top of the foam blanket

Fuel tolerance

The ability of the foam blanket to keep fuel vapors for pushing up through the foam blanket

Vapor suppression

Foam’s ability to withstand the heat of the fire without breaking down (ability to prevent reignition)

Burnback resistance

Time is takes for the water to separate from the foam blanket

Drainage time

First type of mechanical foam created, used since WW2. Made from animal protein

Protein foam

Type of foam where a certain surfactant is added to protein foam. Often Used for subsurface injection at bulk tank fires

Fluoroprotein foam

Aka high expansion foam. Synthetic foaming chemicals and stabilizers. Class A fires. Fuel vapor easily penetrates so no class B fires.

Synthetic detergent foam

Sacrifices long term heat resistance for rapid fire knockdown. Synthetic foaming agents replace natural protein base.

Aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF)

If alcohol is present in the fuel, the membrane is more viscous and called? Specialty foam used called?

Polymeric membrane Alcohol-resistant AFFF (AR-AFFF)

Flow rates for foam (1.75-2.5) Max hose length after educator

1.75: 65-95 gpm 2.5: 150 gpm 200 ft

Bounce the foam off and object or wall adjacent to the spill, allowing the foam to fall down gently onto the spill

Bank-down method

Push the foam by piling up finishing foam in front of you and pushing or sweeping the foam onto the burning fuel

Roll-on method

The stream is directed almost vertically above the liquids surface, allowing the finished foam to fall

Rain down (or snow storm) method

Liquids that are spraying and burning at the same time

3 dimensional fires

Educators consume what % of their inlet pressure to create suction?

65%

Fire Protection & Fire Attack Flashcards

(91 cards)