7 Things to do After an Accident
- Check
- Calm Down and Think
- Call
- Care
- Do Not Move Unless Necessary
- Check Victim for Hurry Cases
- Treat for Shock
How to Get Help in an Emergency
Dial 911, and Know Local Numbers for Local Emergency Services
What are the three “W’s”, and when would you use them?
When you call for help in an emergency, you should give information about Who, What, and Where.
What are the five hurry cases of First Aid?
- Serious Bleeding
- Heart attack or sudden cardiac arrest
- Stopped breathing
- Stroke
- Poisoning
How do you stop serious bleeding immediately?
- Use latex free gloves and eye protection
- Grab wound, press hard
- Press cloth, or wrap wound
- Don’t remove pressure, even if cloth is soaked
- Raise wound above heart, unless broken bones prevent
What are some signs of a heart attack?
- Pain that radiates to the arms, back, neck, or jaw
- Sweating when the room is not hot
- Feeling like throwing up
- Feeling weak
- Sudden, sharp chest pain outside the breastbone
- Dizziness or lightheadedness
What should you do if you think someone is having a heart attack?
- Call for help at once
- Begin chest compressions if person is unresponsive
- Try to locate an automated external defibrillator (AED)
During CPR, where should you put your hands?
Place the heels of your hands on the center of the victim’s chest, one on top of the other. Lace your fingers together.
During CPR, where should your body be?
Over the victim with your shoulders over your hands and your arms straight.
During CPR, how do you give compressions?
Give 30 compressions, pushing hard and fast. Let the chest rise completely before pushing down again.
When can you stop giving compressions during CPR?
- The victim shows signs of life (breathing)
- A trained adult or medical help arrives to take over
- You are too exhausted to continue
- An AED is ready to use
- The scene becomes unsafe
How can you help resuscitation if there is an AED?
If there is an automated external defibrillator near the victim, you can help by retrieving it, and turning it on. You need to be trained to use an AED.
If a person has stopped breathing, what should you do to ensure the airway is unblocked?
- Lying on their back, open the airway by pressing down on the forehead, and lifting up on the chin.
- Don’t do this if you suspect a neck injury.
- If starting to vomit, turn victim’s whole body so that vomit doesn’t get inhaled.
Once the airway is open, what should you do to check for breathing?
- Place cheek 1 - 2 inches from mouth.
- Look, listen and feel for movement and breathing
- If there are no signs, give two rescue breaths
How do you give rescue breaths?
- Use CPR barrier
- Tilt head, pinch nostrils, seal your mouth and blow, filling lungs (about 1 sec). Watch for rising chest, then remove mouth and give another.
- After 2 rescue breaths, and still no breathing signs, give CPR.
What are some signs of stroke?
When blood is cut off to the brain, it can cause:
- Numbness or weakness in the face, arm, or leg–especially on one side
- Trouble walking, speaking, understanding, or seeing
- Dizziness
- Headache
What does the acronym FAST mean?
F-ace drooping
A-rm weakness
S-peech difficulty
T-ime to call for help (911)
What are some things that cause poisoning?
- Eating certain wild mushrooms or berries
- Swallowing household cleaning supplies, weed killers, insect poisons, or beauty products
- Taking too much medicine
- Breathing toxic fumes
What can you do if you suspect someone has been poisoned?
- Call 911, or (800) 222-1222 (National poison helpline).
- Tell what the poison is, and save the container
- Move a fume victim to fresh air.
What are the first steps to help a choking victim?
- Look for hands at throat, turning blue, and ask if choking.
- IF he can speak, cough, or breathe, encourage coughing up.
- If not, call 911, tell the person you know first aid, and ask if you can help
How can you help someone who is choking?
Start with five back blows between the shoulder blades with the heel of your hands.
Move onto abdominal thrusts if this doesn’t work.
How do you give abdominal thrusts?
- Get behind, and reach arms around waist.
- Make a fist above belly button, cover with other hand.
- Make 5 quick thrusts inward and upward to force air from the lungs.
- Alternate between abdominal thrusts and back blows until dislodged, unconscious, or medical help
What are some signs of shock?
- When injured or under great stress, circulatory system will not give blood to all parts of the body.
- Person may feel weak
- Face may get pale.
- Skin might feel cold or clammy
- Shivering or vomit
What to do to avoid shock
- Call 911
- Have person lie down on back
- Raise feet slightly if no injury.
- If the person is not awake, turn onto side (if no injury)
- If the weather is cool, cover with a sheet
- Do not give food or water
- Stay until help arrives
