1
Q
What are the priorities of giving first aid?
A
- PAPP -
- Preserve life
- Alleviate suffering
- Prevent situation worsening
- Promote recovery was
2
Q
Name some possible contents of a first aid box
A
- Guidance leaflet
- Contents leaflet
- Eye pads
- Adhesive plasters
- Gloves no
- Foil blanket
- Burn dressing
- safety bins
- Triangular bandage
3
Q
What factors are important when applying first aid?
A
- History - What happened leading up to it? Ask them or bystanders. Any medic bracelet?
- Symptoms - What they tell you
- Signs - What you can see, feel or smell
Consent - If they are conscious ask permission. If they refuse, call 999.
4
Q
What does a primary survey involve?
A
- Danger
- Response - Do they respond?
- Airway
- Breathing - Are they?
- Circulation - Any severe bleeding?
DR. ABC
5
Q
How do you treat someone who is unconscious?
A
- Complete primary survey
- Call 999
- If they are not breathing, give CPR
- Treat any major bleeding or other obvious cause
- Loosen clothing
- Protect them from cold/wet
- Place them into recovery position & monitor
6
Q
Name some causes of unconsciousness
A
FISH SHAPED - F - Fainting I - Imbalance of heat S - Shock H - Head injury
S - Stroke H - Heart attack A - Asphyxia P - Poison E - Epilepsy D - Diabetes
7
Q
Name some symptoms of a heart attack
A
- Nausea and dizziness
- Crushing/tightening pain in chest
- Feeling of impending doom
8
Q
Name some signs of a heart attack
A
- Pale grey skin
- Coughing
- Clutching chest
- Sudden collapse
9
Q
Name some signs and symptoms of shock
A
- Dizziness
- Confusion and disorientation
- Nauseous
- Thirst
Signs -
- Pale, cold clammy skin
- Blueness of lips
- Weak/rapid pulse
10
Q
How do you treat shock?
A
- Get them lying down - elevate legs
- Loosen clothing
- Reassure
- Keep warm
- Call 999
11
Q
Name some signs & symptoms of an asthma attack
A
- Wheezing
- Difficulty breathing
- Pale - Blue lips
12
Q
How do you treat an asthma attack?
A
- Reassure, get them comfortable
- Get them their inhaler and help to take it
- Remove from cause if known, e.g dust
- If attack persists or does not get better, call 999.
- If inhaler doesn’t help, call 999.
13
Q
Name some common triggers of Anaphylaxis
A
Food - Nuts, shellfish, egg
Medicines - Aspirin
Insects - Bees & wasps
Latex - in gloves
14
Q
Name some symptoms and signs of Anaphylaxis
A
- Swollen tongue or lips
- Hoarse voice
- Wheeze/cough
- Pain, nausea or vomiting
- Anaphylactic shock
- Rashes - hives etc.
15
Q
How do you treat anaphylaxis?
A
- Ask person for auto injector
- They should self administer
- Call 999
- May need another dose after ~ 15 mins
- Be prepared to give CPR
16
Q
Name some signs and symptoms of hyperventilation
A
- Dizziness
- Feeling faint
- Tight chest
- Fast, deep breathing
- Flushed skin
17
Q
Signs and symptoms of external bleeding?
A
- Thirst
- Bleeding
- Shock
- Pain in area
- Weak, rapid pulse
18
Q
How do you treat external bleeding?
A
- WEAR GLOVES
- Get them comfy
- Call 999 for severe cuts
- Examine wound
- Apply pressure
- Treat for shock
- If bleeding does not stop, apply a second dressing.
19
Q
Internal bleeding - signs?
A
- Pale skin
- Confusion
- Shock
- bruising
- swelling
20
Q
How do you treat internal bleeding?
A
- Call 999.
- Lie them down
- Treat for shock
21
Q
How do you treat a bleeding nose?
A
- Sit them down with tilted head
- Ask them not to talk, breathe through mouth
- Tell them to (or do it yourself) apply pressure just below bridge
- Apply for 10 min at a time
- > 30min or severe: Call 999
22
Q
What can cause a burn?
A
- Dry heat - fire
- wet heat - hot water, steam
- Chemical
- Electrical
- Sunburn
- Friction
23
Q
Name some signs and symptoms of a burn
A
- Pain in burn area
- Shock
- Blistering
- Swelling
- Redness
- Shock
24
Q
How do you treat a burn?
A
Flood burn with cool water
- If clothing is stuck, do not remove
- Remove rings, watches or jewellery for swelling
- Cover it with non-adhesive dressing, e.g cling film
- Treat for shock
If they are a child, elderly, it is chemical, electrical or severe call 999.
25
What factors affect the severity of a burn?
* Depth - how many layers
* Location - if feet, hands, face, genitals or extends around limb
* Size - Greater than their hand?
* Cause - Chemical or electrical?
26
What can Electric shock result in?
* Cardiac arrest
* Burns at entry and exit
* Unconsciousness
* Spasm of lungs
27
How to treat electrical shock?
* Shut off supply
* Call 999
* Complete primary & CPR if needed
* Treat burns
* treat for shock
28
Name the different types of fracture
* Open - Exposed wound. Bone usually visible.
* Closed - Skin is not broken
* Complicated - Where there is an injury to organ/vein
* Greenstick - Usually young children. Partial fracture - not so obvious
29
Signs and symptoms of a head injury
* Dizziness, confusion
* Nausea
* Short term memory loss
* Possible seizures
* Changes in skin colour
* Blood in white of eye
* Pupil dilation
* Bleeding, swelling or bruising of head
30
How to treat a head injury?
Call 999.
* If conscious, help them to lie down. Keep spine still.
* If not conscious & breathing, recovery position.
Else, CPR.
31
Signs and symptoms of a stroke?
FAST.
* Face - Facial weakness. Drooped?
* Arms - can they raise both?
* Speech - Can they speak clearly?
* Time - If any present, this is an emergency. Call 999 NOW.
32
How do you treat a stoke
* CALL 999.
* Lay them down with head & shoulders slightly raised
* Re-assure but not too many Qs
* Monitor
33
Signs and symptoms of poisoning?
* Difficulty breathing
* Dizzy
* Pain
* Confusion
* Evidence of substance
* Vomiting
* smell
* Burns/swelling
34
How to treat poisoning?
* Move them to a safe place
* If possible, remove cause
* Do not induce vomiting
* For corrosive substances, rinse mouth & give sips of water
* Treat injuries (e.g burns)
* Call 999
* Collect poison info
35
Two types of diabetic emergency and their signs/symptoms?
Hypoglycemia - Too little sugar. Give sugary.
Hyperglycemia - Too much.
* Rapid pulse and feeling faint
* Trembling limbs
* Confusion
* Pale skin
* Sweating
* Drunken like
If not conscious call 999.
36
How to treat a seizure?
In water:
* Support; keep face out
* Take care that head doesn't hit anything
* Keep in shallow water, once done remove
* CPR if needed. Call 999 for in water.
Out of water:
* Objects that can cause injury removed
* Protect head
* Note length
Call 999 if:
* Lasts > 5min
* They have more than 1 or it is their first
* They injure themselves
* They do not wake up after 10min
* You are unsure
37
Hypothermia - Signs/symptoms?
* Cold
* Slow pulse
* tired
* Shivering
* Slurred speech
* Confusion
* Infants go quiet
* Stiffening of muscle
NPLQ
flashcards
Decks in class (3)
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