Boyle’s Law
*“Boyle’s=Ballon=Barotrauma
*The pressure of a gas is inversely proportionalto the volume of a gas at at constant temperature
p1 V1= P2 V2
*Affects ETT Cuffs, MAST trousers, air splints, IV drip rates(increases rate)
*If the Pt has a pneumocephalus(air inside the cranial vault after trauma, usually fromn a direct blow, associated with depressed skull fractures) ICP wil increase.
Dalton’s Law
- “Dalton’s Gang”
- Law of partial Pressures( this is an additive gas law)
*The Total pressure of a gas mixture is the sum of the partial pressures of the all the gases in the mixture
Pt=P1+P2+P3+…+Pn
*Responsible for the soft tissue swelling at altitude(uptake of inert gasses into tissue)
Charles’ Law
*Changing Charles”
* At a constant pressure, the volume of gas is directly proportional to the absolute temperature of the gas
V1/T1= V2/T2
* Example- when you charge an oxygen tank, the tank gets hot.
*This law has very little effect on the human body(we are at a relatively constant temperature)
Gay-Lussac’s law
*Directly proportional relationship between temperature and pressure”
P1/T1=P2/T2
* Example= An oxygen cylinder left outside overnight will have a lower pressure reading in the morning due to the temperature drop.
*This is the gas law that explains the reason why you need to add air to your tires in the winter(colder temp lowers pressure)
Graham’s Law
- Graham’s= Grey matter
- Law of gaseous diffusion
- “Gas exchange at the cellular level”
* The rate of diffusion of a gas through a liquid medium is directly related to the solubility of the gas inversely proportional to the square root of its density - limits gas ability to move through liquid
- example- gas bubbles coming out of exposed grey matter when at altitude
Henry’s Law
“Henry=Heineken
- Solubility of gas in a liquid
- the quantity of Gas dissolved in 1 cm(1 ml) of a liquidis proportional to the Partial pressure of the gas in contact with the liquid
