what is pressure
the force (exerted) per unit area
what is the formula for calculating pressure
- pressure = force normal to the surface / area of that surface
- p = f / a
what are the units for pressure, force and area in the formula for calculating pressure
- pressure in pascals = Pa OR N/m^2
- force normal to the surface = N
- area of that surface = m^2
what do gases and liquids both have in common
- their particles are free to move and flow
- so they are both fluids
what is fluid pressure
pressure caused by the collision of gas or liquid particles in a given surface
what does fluid pressure always exert
- a force at right angles to any surface in contact with the fluid
- the right angle is the normal
what happens to the pressure exerted on the area of the surface it is colliding with increases
the pressure decreases
what are the three factors that the pressure exerted by a fluid is dependent on
- the area that the force is being exerted on
- the properties of the fluid
- and the surrounding atmospheric pressure
what is density
- the compactness of an object
- or how close together the particles that make the object are
what is the density of a liquid like
- the density is uniform (the same everywhere)
- and doesnt vary with a change in the size or shape of it
what are the differences between how the density of a gas and a liquid generally behaves
- the density of a liquid remains constant no matter its shape or size
- whereas the density of a gas can change depending on some factors
assuming that the mass of the particles of two fluids are the same, how would one fluid be denser than the other
the denser fluid would have more particles in a given area than the less dense fluid
what is the effect of a fluid being denser than another one in terms of pressure
- it meas that there are more particles that are able to collide with the surface of the area they are in
- which leads to an increase in pressure at a given depth in the denser fluid
what changes as the depth of a fluid increases
- the number of particles above it at that point changes
- specifically, it increases
why does fluid pressure increase with depth
- the deeper you go down a fluid or the higher the depth of the fluid is
- the more particles that will be above it at that point
- the weight of these particles above that point adds to the pressure felt at that point of depth
- and with an increased force with the area of the surface remaining the same, according to p = F / A
- the fluid pressure would increase
what equation do you use to calculate the pressure due to the column of liquid above a certain depth
- pressure due to a column of liquid = height of the column (the depth) x density of the liquid x gravitational field strength
- P = h * p (greek letter for ‘rho’) * g
what are the units for the pressure due to a column of liquid, the height of the column, the density of the liquid and the gravitational field strength
- pressure due to a column of liquid = Pa
- height of the column = m
- density of the liquid = kg/cm^3
- gravitational field strength = N/kg
