What are solution that are isotonic with plasma and contain sodium as the major osmotically active particle?
Crystalloids
What are 3 crystalloids?
LRS, normal saline and normosol-R
What should not be used as a bolus and can result in arrhythmias and even death when given to fast?
Crystalloids that contain additives
What is the best/most accurate calculation for determining the crystalloid maintenance rate for DOGS?
kg x 60 mL/kg/day / 24hr
What is the best/most accurate calculation for determining the crystalloid maintenance rate for CATS?
kg x 40 mL/kg/day / 24hr
What is the recommended starting point of anesthetic fluid rate for DOGS?
5 mL/kg/hr
What is the recommended starting point of anesthetic fluid rate for CATS?
3 mL/kg/hr
If a patient is in shock, what is the recommended isotonic crystalloids?
LRS and Normosol- R
What is the shock rate for DOGS?
90 mL/kg
What is the shock rate for CATS?
45 mL/kg
What is added to a crystalloid and can be used to provide free water to replace insensible losses or for correction of HYPERNATREMIA resulting from water deficit?
Dextrose
Administering dextrose solutions SQ can cause electrolytes to move into these tissues, leading to what?
decrease blood volume and tissue necrosis
What is used primarily to expand plasma volume?
Synthetic colloids
When can synthetic colloids be given as a bolus?
poor perfusion from hypovolemia
what are the 3 most common synthetic colloids?
Hetastarch, Dextrans 40m and dextrans 70
The synthetic colloid maintenance rate for Hetastarch is?
20 mL/kg/day
For the treatment of hypotension, what is the rate for synthetic colloid if given as bolus?
5-10 mL/kg
Dextrans 40 and 70 are given at a rate of?
2 mL/kg/hr
What solutions includes human and canine albumin, fresh frozen plasma and whole blood?
Colloids
What is the dehydration percentage for dry or sticky oral mucous membranes?
5% - 6%
What is the dehydration percentage for mild to moderate decreased in skin turgor, dry or sticky oral mucous membranes, sunken eyes?
6% - 8%
What is the dehydration percentage for marked decrease in skin tugor, dry mucous membranes, sunken eyes, weak and rapid pulses, slow CRT, moderate to marked mental depression?
10% - 12%
