Fluids

Question 1

what is the body’s composition of water?

Answer 1

1. intracellular compartment

2. extracellular compartment

Question 2

What does the extracellular compartment consist of?

Answer 2

1. 20% is intravascular

2. 80% is extravascular (interstitial space)

Question 3

what is the routine maintenance of water?

Answer 3

25-30ml/kg of water

Question 4

What is the maintenance N+ requirement?

Answer 4

1 - 2 mmol/kg/day

Question 5

What is the maintenance K+ requirement?

Answer 5

1 mmol/kg/day

Question 6

What is the routine maintenance K+ requirement?

Answer 6

1-1.5 mmol/kg/day

Question 7

How do acute illnesses effect fluid levels?

Answer 7

1. sodium retention due to activation of RAAS triggered by the physiological stress
2. ADH release - increases water retention

Question 8

How should the fluid requirements for each patient be addressed?

Answer 8

1. History
   - Nil by mouth?
   - Fluid loss?
   - Fluids excess

2.Examination
( check for signs and symptoms)

3. Clinical monitoring
   - NEWS
   - Fluid balance
4. Lab investigations

Question 9

What are the 3 types of fluid therapy?

Answer 9

1. Maintenance
2. Resuscitation
3. Replacement

Question 10

What is the management once fluid therapy has been commenced?

Answer 10

1. Daily reassessment > check u&e, fluid balance
   and weight
2. Review IV fluid prescriptions on ward rounds