Foot

Question 1

What is part of the Medial Longitudinal Arch/Ray?

Answer 1

Calcaneus Talus Navicular 1-3rd cuneiforms 1-3 Metatarsals 1-3 proximal, medial, and distal phalanges

Question 2

What is part of the lateral longitudal Arch/Ray?

Answer 2

Calcaneus

cuboid

4-5 metatarsal

4-5 proximal, medial, and distal phalanges

Question 3

What is part of the Transverse Arch?

Answer 3

Cuboid

Cuneiforms

Metatarsal bones

Question 4

What does the spring ligament connect

Answer 4

AKA Plantar Calcaneonavicular

calcaneous and navicular

Question 5

What does the long plantar ligament connect?

Answer 5

Calcaneus and 3-5 metatarsals

fibularis longus runs deep to this bad boy

Question 6

What does the short plantar ligament connect?

Answer 6

AKA plantar calcaneocuboid

calcaneous and cuboid

Question 7

Extensor Hallucis Brevis function and innervation

Answer 7

function

• extend great toe

innervation

• Deep Fibular Nerve

Question 8

Extensor Digitorum Brevis function and innervation

Answer 8

function

• extend digits

innervation

• deep fibular N

Question 9

What is in the first layer of the foot? What innervates them?

Answer 9

1. Abductor Digiti Minimi
   - lateral plantar nerve
2. Flexor Digitorum Brevis
3. Abductor Hallucis
   - medial plantar nerve

Question 10

What muscles are in the second layer of the foot? What innervates them?

Answer 10

1. Quadratus Plantae
   - lateral plantar nerve
   - assists FDL flex straight, to calcaneus
2. Lumbricals
   - Flex MP joint

Extend PIP and DIP

• 1st lumbrical is medial plantar nerve

rest are lateral plantar nerve

Question 11

What muscles are in the third layer of the foot? What innervates them?

Answer 11

1. Flexor Digiti minimi Brevis
   - lateral plantar nerve
2. Adductor Hallucis
   - two heds transverse and oblique
   - lateral plantar nerve
3. Flexor Hallucis Brevis
   - tendons have sesamoid bones
   - medial plantar nerve

Question 12

What muscles are in the fourth layer of the foot? What innervates them?

Answer 12

1. Plantar Interossei
2. Dorsal Interossei
   - Lateral plantar nerve

Question 13

What is lateral deviation of the great toe?

Answer 13

Hallux Valgus

**Tissue surrounding deviated area swells -> swelling leads to frction -> Friction causes bursa to form.

Question 14

What is mallet toe?

Answer 14

flexion in distal IP

Question 15

What is Hammer Toe?

Answer 15

Extension at MP and flexion at proximal IP joint

Question 16

What is claw toe?

Answer 16

Extension at MP joint and flexion at both PIP and DIP

Question 17

What is trigger toe?

Answer 17

extension of MP and Flexion of IP in big toe

Question 18

What is the blood supply of the Dorsal aspect of the foot?

Answer 18

Anterior Tibial Artery branches into Lateral Tarsal Artery and Drosalis Pedis Artery

Lateral Tarsal Artery branches into the Arcuate Artery

Dorsalis Pedis artery branches into the arcuate artery, Deep plantar artery, and 1st dorsal metatarsal artery

Arcuate artery brnches into the rest of the dorsal metatarsal arteries

Dorsal Metatarsal arteries branch into dorsal digital arteries

Question 19

Describe the Plantar foot blood supply

Answer 19

Posterior Tibial Artery branches into lateral plantar artery and medial plantar artery

Lateral plantar artery branches into deep plantar arch

deep plantar arch gives off the 3rd - 6th plantar metatarsal arteries

medial plantar artery gives off the 1st and 2nd plantar metatarsal and plantar digital arteries