How is the local gravity on earth defined?
g = 9.82m/s^2
How is weight defined?
W = mass * g
What is the Normal force?
Its a force that counter acts the force a body makes on a surface.
Where is the Tension force destributed in a cord or rope?
The Tension force is always pointed along the cord or rope.
is the Friction force proportional to the Normal force?
yes.
is the friction force dependant to the apparent contact area
no, the friction force is independant to the apparent contact area
kinetic friction force is independant on what? speed or acceleration?
the speed