what were crown relations with Portugal at the start of the reign?
Isabella was fighting Portugal (1474-79) - they were supporting Joanna in succession crisis
when was the treaty of alcacovas? give some details
- 1479
- lead to peace between Spain and Portugal
- spain given canary islands - useful for new world trade
how did peace with Portugal benefit spain?
- major rival on west of castile was stabilised
- meant spain could expand into Italy without having to worry about Portugal
what did Ferdinand negotiate with Portugal to further strengthen relations with Portugal?
- marriage contracts
- Isabella married prince Alfonso in 1490
what treaty was agreed with Portugal in 1494/
- treaty of tordesillas
- divided lands of new world between Castile and Portugal
- Spain ended up benefiting the most
from what year were France and spain fighting over naples?
1494 - king fernate had died in 1494 and both had strong claims
at what battle did Spain win naples and when was it confirmed?
- won major victory at battle of Cerignola in 1503
- treaty of Blois 1505 - confirmed Spanish control of naples
how did securing naples enhance spain?
- expanded into major power
- undermined strong rival of France
- gave protection to aragon and her islands
- more protection from ottomans
what trade benefits did Spain get from naples?
- taxed naples heavily
- vital in providing spain with food in times of bad harvest
what was treaty of Barcelona 1493?
Spanish allowed to take Roussillon and cerdagne
why did securing French lands benefit Spain?
- increased security against French
- secured eastern passage past pyrenees from French, thus helping to secure northern frontier
when did spain secure Navarre?
- 1512 launched a successful invasion into Navarre
- took control and gave it to castile
how did securing Navarre benefit Spain?
meant whole pyrenees was now secure
what towns did F+I grab in N. Africa?
melilla in 1497 and tripoli in 1510
how did towns in N. Africa benefit Spain?
- provided protection from ottoman empire and barbary piracy
- gave strength in Med
- protected trade route to Sicily
what trade opportunities did spain get from N. Africa?
ivory, spices, gold and slaves
how has Ferdinand been criticised about N. Africa?
- settled for just a few towns
- piracy ultimately continued
why did Ferdinand not take more of N. Africa?
focused on Naples
what was one negative to foreign policy?
it was expensive
what specific policy of Ferdinand was expensive?
marriage contracts
give an example of marriage contract?
-1500, mariage contract of Catherine of Aragon to Prince Arthur cost 60m maravedis
how much did campaign in Naples cost?
1500-1504 - cost 360m maravedis
how much did Granada war cost?
1482-92 - cost over 800m maravedis
