Forensic Biology > Forensic DNA Analysis > Flashcards

Forensic DNA Analysis Flashcards

(17 cards)

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1
Q

CODIS: 1998-2016

A

13 loci

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2
Q

CODIS: 2017-now

A

20 loci

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3
Q

why is it hard to move away from STR analysis?

A
  • a lot of training
  • slow turnover
  • so many people already in the system
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4
Q

steps of next generation sequencing

A
  • extraction
  • library prep
  • sequencing
  • analysis
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5
Q

advantages of next generation sequencing

A
  • any region of the genome can be covered by hundreds of reads, enough to provide reasonable certainty in the sequence
  • cover more STRs - or other variants
  • uses one small sample
  • avoid allelic dropout
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6
Q

forensic use of epigenetics

A
  • modification of gene expression with out altering the genetic code
  • tissue specific methylation patterns
  • differential DNA methylation profiling
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7
Q

can methylation vary across monozygotic twins? why or why not?

A
  • methylation can vary across monozygotic twins
  • due to stochastic, disease, or lifestyle events
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8
Q

DNA phenotyping

A
  • prediction of appearance from DNA
  • unknown sample donor
  • typically uses SNPs
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9
Q

SNPs

A

single nucleotide polymorphisms

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10
Q

potential ethical issues with DNA phenotyping?

A
  • stereotyping with race
  • concerns with repository of data
  • exaggerated expectations
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11
Q

genealogy through shared CentiMorgans

A

CentiMorgans measure length of DNA

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12
Q

one cluster of 5 matches

A
  • repeated for all determined clusters
  • find the common couple between the two clusters
  • make the entire tree moving forward of the common couple
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13
Q

how can members of the family tree be excluded/included as a suspect?

A
  • CentiMorgans
  • gender
  • lineages
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14
Q

forensic use of eDNA

A
  • plant material
  • microbial
  • eDNA to detect the presence of invasive Asian Carp
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15
Q

eDNA

A

environmental DNA

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16
Q

forensic use of eDNA - plant material

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A
  • geolocation
  • associative
16
Q

forensic use of eDNA - microbial

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A

PMI associative

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