PV of an Annuity
PV = A * (1 – 1 / ( 1 + r )n) / r
FV of an Annuity
FV = A * ( ( 1 + r ) n – 1 ) / r
PV of Perpetuity
PV = P * 1 / r
VF
Value of the Firm
VS
Value of Equity
VB
Value of Debt
RS
Required Rate on Equity
RB
Required Rate on Debt
WACC
Weighted Average Cost of Capital
CFF
Cash Flow before Interest
CFS
Cash Flow to Shareholders (CF after interest)
CFB
Cash Flow to Debtholders
Formula Value of the Firm
VF = CFF / WACC
Formula Value of Equity
VS = CFS / RS
Formula Value of Debt
VB = CFB / RB
Formula WACC
( VS / VF ) * RS + (VB / VF) * RB
Payback Period
Initial Investment / Annual Cash Flow
Accounting Rate of Return
Average Annual profit / Average Investment