Total magnification
eyepiece lens x objective lens
Magnification
real size
Energy In food (J)
mass of water x temperature change x 4.2
BMI
(height(m))^2
waist-to-hip ratio
hip circumference
light intensity is proportional to:
distance^2
rate of diffusion is proportional to:
thickness of membrane
efficiency of energy transfer
energy transferred to next level
————————————————- x100
energy available at previous level
energy per gram (J/g)
mass of food (g)
cardiac output (cm^3 min^-1)
heart rate (bpm) x stroke volume (cm^3)